Glorious years-the development history of Ferrari
1938, Ferrari, who was nearly 40 years old, left the racing circuit, ending the relationship between the guest and the host with Ai Kuaiche Factory and striving to realize his dream of designing and manufacturing an eternal super sports car. Two years later, Ferrari moved its car factory from its hometown of Montana to its present site in Maranello. With the concept of "humanization", this Italian car factory has played a giant role in the world automobile industry.
The first car wearing Ferrari's "red mane spirited horse" logo was 166 SPYDER CORSA, which was improved from 125 racing car. With the in-line six-cylinder engine of Xixi in 1992, Taca of Italy in 1948 was obtained. TARG· Florio and Millie? Ferrari, the biathlon champion of MILLE MIGLIA Competition, became famous in one fell swoop, and successively created a "prancing horse legend" that won more than 5,000 races.
The GTO car series designed and manufactured by Ferrari in its early years (1962 ~ 1964) dominated almost all surface tracks. As long as the elegant front is aimed at the starting line, it is only a headache and frustration for competitors. The 250 GTO (1957) is an equally excellent model on the road and on the track. Until 1985 was discontinued, GTO cars were always permeated with the heroic quality of Ferrari. Ferrari has four-cylinder, six-cylinder and eight-cylinder models, and the V-type twelve-cylinder engine model is the most representative model of Ferrari. This powerful all-aluminum engine with four valves per cylinder exudes moving silvery white light, which makes people respect and naturally revel in the exhaust sound waves like a title of generals in ancient times. Ferrari cars take the volume of each cylinder (Western Digital) as the code name of the car model, which is also a unique stunt in the car industry. For example, the early 215,250,275 and other models. Just multiply the code number by the number of cylinders and you will know what the engine displacement is. Of all Ferrari models, only 400iA is equipped with automatic gearbox, and the rest are quite typical manual supercars.
In addition, it is particularly worth mentioning a touching story, accompanied by the emblem of Ferrari's "prancing horse", with dynamic lines, amazing horsepower and attractive colors. The parents of an Italian Air Force hero who donated money in World War II saw the invincible appearance of Ferrari racing car, which was the fortress on which Aiko's heroic spirit depended, so they begged Ferrari to embed the "prancing horse" logo originally marked on his Aiko's landline into the Ferrari car system to realize Aiko's ambition of cruising the horizon.
Ferrari gladly accepted this suggestion, adding the Italian national emblem "Tian" to the top of the "prancing horse", then connecting it horizontally with "Ferrari" to form "Di", and finally rendering the whole picture with the representative color of his hometown Montana, forming a heroic totem of "between heaven and earth, I can hire at will". Even during the two financial crises in the 1940s and 1960s, his only son, Dino Ferrari, died unexpectedly in 1969, which made Ferrari feel sad and depressed for a long time. After learning the lesson, he changed course and produced a large number of sports cars that can be driven on the road. Moreover, all the six-cylinder engine cars produced in the future were named DINO to commemorate my beloved son who initially inherited his stepfather's career and devoted himself to developing new six-cylinder engines. This is an eternal sorrow. Until1August, 98814th, Ferrari died at the age of 90, and it was always in his heart, but it also solidified into a series of famous brands such as 260 GT Dino, 246 GT Dino, 250 GTO and 275 GTS/GTB.
Although in the 1950s, Ferrari introduced Formula One cars such as 250, 275, 365, 438+02, 340 and 375, followed by 365 COUPE GTi (1967) and 308 GTB (1975), but due to the low production, it appeared. Finally, under the strong Europa national consciousness, Ferrari Automobile Factory was promoted from 1969 to 1969.
Due to the good interaction between Ferrari and Fiat, Fiat also provides Ferrari with completely free creative space with the highest respect and trust, and gives huge financial support to new car research and development; 1In June, 1985, Ferrari put forward the "F40 Plan" to the board of directors of Fiat Group. At that time, 88-year-old Ferrari came straight to the point and said, "We live in a world full of computers and technology. I tried to turn back the clock and make a simple good car-a modern sports car with humanity. " The board of directors passed the whole case without objection.
1On June 6th, 986, the spiritual fortress of Ferrari factory in Mallory was decorated with lights and decorations. The 89-year-old Ferrari held a naming ceremony for the F40 supercar on the production line, which was one of the two fastest mass-produced sports cars in the world at that time (the other was Porsche 959). The F40, with 480 horsepower and a top speed of 324 kilometers per hour, is a special birthday present for Enzo from Ferrari employees, and F stands for "Ferrari".
F40 really lived up to expectations. It not only shone brilliantly at the international auto show that year, but also won the Liemann competition, which once again demonstrated Ferrari's concept of "high performance and small production". Ferrari died on1August, 98814th at the age of 90, which was the peak of his life after completing the F40 supercar.
"Italy's greatest sports car manufacturer and racer-Enzo? Ferrari (1898 ~ 1988) "should be the most appropriate epitaph of this world automobile legend. Although his earthly life is over, the crimson Ferrari sports car group bearing his indomitable spirit of striving for the first place will run in the hearts of thousands of fans forever.
Even people who don't know cars know that "Ferrari is expensive!" Ferrari also agrees with this fact. He has been flying to Yate 13 1 commuting. Ferrari F 1 team famous driver Nicky? Lauda (currently the chairman of Austrian Lauda Airlines) had a chance to chat with Ferrari and always asked him why he didn't drive his own Ferrari. The answer is, "Do you know how expensive it is?" .
However, Ferrari later presented a precious Ferrari GTO to Lauda to reward him for driving the Ferrari F 1 car to win the championship bravely on the track, which also showed the warm side of Ferrari.
It is no exaggeration to say that Ferrari's death is the beginning of his rebirth. The legend who is obsessed with the track and devoted to developing racing cars loves sunglasses, which just reflects the mystery he has been immersed in all his life. Ferrari, who loves his car, has never visited the Ferrari racing team at the track like his son and nephew after not participating in the race.
Ferrari thinks that the sports cars it makes are "breathing works of art" and can't bear to watch these treasures being crashed on the track. He also believes that, like the United States, imported cars must pass the crash test. "Crashing with works of art, it's barbaric!" Therefore, an expensive Ferrari sports car like TESTAROSSA will be sold to the United States later than Europe. Ferrari, on the other hand, is always tight-lipped about the information about the designed sports car.
Ferrari's words and deeds are mysterious. When he was alive, he only opened the factory to journalists who knew nothing about car-making technology. Although he is a racing driver, he has never participated in other competition ceremonies. He rarely leaves Mallorino, where the car factory is located, and his life is quite dull, which makes people who are eager to know more about him more confused.
It is precisely because Ferrari has been deliberately adopting a highly mysterious strategy that it has created the charm and attraction of Ferrari sports cars and become the dream lover of millions of fans. However, after Ferrari's death, his adopted son, pierrot, who is also the vice president of Ferrari Automobile Factory, systematically disclosed the secret files of Ferrari Automobile Factory with the theme of "Ferrari concept", showing nine classic cars of Ferrari, including BARCHETTA, which was completely hand-built in 1949.
This unprecedented exhibition first opened in Florence, then toured Paris and Munich, and finally ended in new york. The open Ferrari archives are quite rich in content, including very detailed technical drawings and lifelike aerodynamic models, and the most touching thing is the warning written by Ferrari in its family-specific purple ink-people must keep working, or they will have the idea of death.
It is this momentum that has enabled Ferrari's sports car group to win more than 5,000 races, including 9 F 1 World Championships, 14 Manufacturers' World Championships, 2 Builders' World Championships, 9 Le Mans Crown and more than 85 Formula One Championships, which is such a prosperous record and brilliant glory.
What is particularly memorable for Ferrari fans is that after helping Ferrari overcome the financial crisis, Feiyate Automobile Factory has been supporting this fierce horse that dominates the track, gallops freely and does whatever it wants, naturally develops mature racing cars, and constantly collects the honorary laurels of various competitions. Although Ferrari died in spring and autumn, Fiat still abides by the rule of "0/7 new cars per day" set by Ferrari in that year, and will never increase production even if the supply exceeds the demand. Through this friendship, Ferrari's philosophy of building cars, which emphasizes the balance between technology and art, has been maintained. This fierce red-maned horse that dominates the track has drawn a touching legend in the hearts of fans, that is, Ferrari forever.
Bugatti Veyron Information
The Italian Bugatti Automobile Company under the Volkswagen Group mainly produces Bugatti sports cars. Bugatti's logo is based on ettori, the founder of Bugatti Automobile. The first letter of Bugatti's name is "EB".
Bugatti is a famous Italian car. It was born in an artistic family and was designed by Eitor Bugatti. He not only has profound attainments in art, but also has a deep understanding of various mechanical design techniques, so he naturally combines technology and art, making people confused which works are works of art and which are technical works. This is the unique artistic style of Bugatti.
The English letter in Bugatti's trademark is Bugatti, and the above EB is the English pinyin abbreviation of Eitor Bugatti. A circle of dots around symbolizes ball bearings, and the background color is red. Bugatti is one of the most numerous cars in classical and old cars. Bugatti brand cars can be seen in many famous automobile museums around the world, with excellent performance, novel and smooth body shape and unique engine configuration.
Ettori? Bugatti 188 1 was born in Milan, Italy. His father is a painter and a famous furniture designer. Ettori? Bugatti grew up in an art school. He especially likes driving and has been involved in racing since 17 years old. /kloc-entered Poulinet at the age of 0/8? Stookey (Prinetti &; Stucchi, a company, studied the design and manufacture of three-wheeled cars and won the championship in this year's automobile competition.
1909 set up a factory in morsheim, Alsace, and designed Peugeot? Beibei "small car, while manufacturing T 10 with a displacement of 1208ml inline four-cylinder engine. 19 14 developed a steel spoke wheel T 17 featuring a horseshoe radiator grille, with a speed of110 km/h.
During World War I, ettori? Bugatti designed and manufactured an in-line eight-cylinder aero-engine with a power of 4 10HP for Dusenburg Automobile Company. After the First World War, starting from 1920, T22 and T23 racing cars equipped with four cylinders 16 valves (the founder of four-valve mechanism) were successively developed, and they won the championship in the 24-hour Le Mans and Brescia car races in France.
1922, Bugatti developed T30 racing car with in-line eight-cylinder engine. T35 model (after T30 racing car) with 1925 is active in European racing circuit with its high performance and excellent body shape, especially T35B is equipped with Lutz booster, and its top speed can reach 2 10km/h, so it sells well all over the world, and there are still a lot of it up to now. Starting from 1927 T38, the production of roadsters and two-seaters began. T4 1933 model T4 1 is known as a luxury large tourist car in Vaillard, with an in-line eight-cylinder engine, a displacement of 14700ml, a speed of 180km/h and a large body weighing 3000kg. Only six cars were produced, and they are still preserved.
1937，ettori？ Bugatti's son Jean? Jean Bugatti (1909- 1939) participated in the design work, featuring exquisite windows and novel and unique body, and became the pride of the car world. Unfortunately, Jean? Bugatti died in a car accident on 1939. In the case of the world economic downturn, ettori? Bugatti factory is difficult to operate. At the beginning of World War II, the Germans occupied ettori? Bugatti factory. However, Bugatti himself did not succumb to the threat of the invaders and insisted on Italian nationality, so he was persecuted. A famous car designer 1947 who worked in the automobile industry for nearly half a century died. However, he has always been admired by later generations. Most Bugatti cars have become treasures of the Miluz Museum in France, and Bugatti cars can still be seen driving on the roads in Germany.
Bugatti is an immortal name in the racing world. It is always admired by fans for its avant-garde design and extraordinary performance. Bugatti became famous as early as World War II, but it disappeared quietly for a long time with the end of World War II. It was not until 1990 that Bugatti EB 1 10 re-emerged and re-entered the ranks of super sports cars. EB 1 10 is the first car produced under the name of Bugatti in 40 years. 1993, the car factory developed EB 1 12 with classical flavor and advanced technology, and its performance was better than EB 1 10.
Bugatti, an Italian sports car brand with a history of 100 years, has experienced ups and downs in the past century. Since 1947, when its founder Ettore BUGATTI died, Bugatti, an old Italian brand, was revived in the early 1990s with the efforts of Italian fanatic and industrialist Romano Artioli, and a super-running production car similar to EB 1 10 was launched. Unfortunately, Bugatti, who finally came back to life, declared bankruptcy in 1995 because of the company's financial difficulties, leaving only12 concept cars in mass production, which is embarrassing.
1998, the German automobile giant VAG bought Bugatti's trademark right, and officially brought Bugatti under the jurisdiction of the VAG Group, which belongs to Volkswagen itself (another super-running brand owned by VAG is under the jurisdiction of Audi). After VAG took over, Bugatti almost never missed major international auto shows, and successively launched several concept cars, but all of them were mass-produced. Therefore, the prototype EB 16-4 Veyron disclosed at this Geneva Motor Show can be said to be the first production car with Bugatti oval red factory emblem since EB 1 10, and it is also the official pioneering work after Bugatti's second resurrection!
The invincible myth of 65438+200 million yuan: Bugatti Veyron-the most expensive super sports car in history.
Bugatti is a famous Italian sports car brand, which may not be familiar to everyone. It is one of the cars with the largest number of classical old cars. In many famous automobile museums around the world, you can still see Bugatti brand models. All the models it produces have excellent performance, novel and smooth body shape and unique engine configuration.
In the 1920s and 1930s, Bugatti dominated the world before the rise of Ferrari and occupied an unshakable position in the world sports car industry. With the advent of World War II, Bugatti kept a low profile for a while, but after the war, with the strong support of the public, Bugatti reappeared. At this time, Bugatti has officially belonged to Volkswagen Audi, and since 1998, several classic concept cars have been launched in succession, which quickly restored the reputation of Bugatti brand in the world. In 2003, Bugatti launched another masterpiece-EB Veyron16.4, which made Bugatti regain its former glory and stand at the peak of today's top sports cars.
Bugatti Veyron adopts Volkswagen's 16 cylinder 64-valve engine, adopts Volkswagen's W cylinder layout and uses four turbochargers. The structure is complex and rigorous. This W-type 16 cylinder engine makes the maximum power of Bugatti Veyron soar to 100 1 horsepower, making it the only car in the world that exceeds 1000 horsepower. Such strong and unparalleled dynamic performance makes Bugatti Veyron the overlord of the sports car family at the beginning of the new century. Its power is transmitted to the wheels through the 7-speed manual gearbox, which can make the car reach the speed of 100 km/h in just 3 seconds, and the time required to accelerate from a stationary start to 300 km/h is no more than 14 seconds. What's more, the top speed of Bugatti Veyron has reached an incredible 406 km/h.
Bugatti Veyron's unique body modeling design, coupled with fantastic color matching, makes it magical and fascinating. The car body is made of high-hardness carbon fiber and reinforced by aluminum alloy, both of which are very light and precious. The interior decoration reflects the classical Bugatti style. The dashboard is wrapped in leather and decorated with walnut, which is very luxurious and exquisite.
Bugatti Veyron has world-class dynamic performance, cutting-edge fashion design, luxurious and exquisite interior, and enjoys a worldwide reputation. Together, of course, it has the top price in the world-110.6 million euros (equivalent to about RMB10.2 billion yuan).
The following are the specific parameters of Bugatti Veyron:
Name: Bugatti Veyron (EB Veyron 16.4)
Year of production: 2003
Automobile brand: Veyron Veyron
Engine: W 16 cylinder engine with four turbochargers.
Body: two doors and two seats
Displacement: 7993 cubic centimeters
Length/width/height: 4466/1998/1206 (mm)
Power: 100 1 horsepower /6000 rpm.
Wheelbase: 2700 mm
Curb quality: about 1600 kg.
Torque: 1250 nm /2200 rpm
Top speed: 406 km/h, 0-300 km/h speed-up time ≤ 14 seconds.
Transmission system: four-wheel drive, 7-speed semi-automatic gearbox.
Engine: rear
Cylinder condition: dual v8 16 cylinders with 64 valves.
Compression ratio: 9: 1
Price: 1 1.6 million euros.