Japan has invaded Korea since ancient times. As early as the 4th century AD, this political power established a colony in the Na Ren area of the Korean Peninsula. Even during the period of the Five Kings of Japan, he sent envoys to the Song Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China at that time, demanding that he become the governor of Korea and Japan. Japan's influence in North Korea rises and falls, and at its peak, it once touched near Pyongyang. And geographically speaking, Japan is isolated overseas, and the only way to develop to the mainland is from North Korea. Therefore, Toyotomi Hideyoshi invaded Korea out of its ambition, but there were also many traditional factors.
As early as the conquest of Maori, Toyotomi Hideyoshi wrote to Nobunobu that he would go to Kyushu after the army conquered Honshu, and then he would go to North Korea to see Daming. After conquering Gaoye Temple, he also said in a letter to Mo 'an, Liu Yi that "the matter of Japan is self-evident, and he still wants to make the Tang Dynasty." He even commissioned missionaries to buy two European warships. 1590, in a letter to Li Wang of North Korea, it was even more explicit to say that "on the day of entering Daming, if soldiers are stationed in military camps, neighboring alliances can be established, and if they have no desire, they will only be named in the Three Kingdoms."
At that time, Korea was ruled by the Lee Dynasty and was caught in a dispute between the Eastern Party and the Western Party. Cadres like Li Shunchen are suppressed at the grassroots level. The Ming Dynasty was the Wanli period of Ming Shenzong's rule. Judging from the difficulty in eliminating the enemy thirty or forty years ago, the army was not strong enough. Hideyoshi was well aware of the situation, which led to the expansion of his ambition and his intention to establish a great empire of "Three Kingdoms in One".
After 159 1 conquered the famous Aoyu, Hideyoshi set out to prepare for the war. Although Kuroda Yoshitaka, considering the domestic situation, opposed the conquest of Korea. However, at this time, Xiuji was obsessed with the dream of "the Three Kingdoms of Famous Earthquake". As a result, the proposal of water and water was ignored and the North Korean expropriation plan was launched. He first built a famous curtilage city in front of the fat gate, and as the general headquarters of the Japanese invaders, he personally sat in the town. Then he handed over the post of Guan Bai to Hidetsugu, just in case, he would kill Guan Bai in the future. In terms of generals and troops, Hideyoshi mobilized 500,000 people, including 300,000 for combat and 0/50,000 for advance team/kloc. The advance team is divided into eight armies, with Yu Yu and several scholars as the commander-in-chief, leading the first army, leading the second army, and Kuroda leading the third army. At the same time, there are 40,000 water troops and 700 alcoholic dragon boats. In addition, Tokugawa Ieyasu, Maeda Toshiie, Shangshan Jingsheng, Pusheng Township, and the authentic commander of IDA all have100000 troops stationed in Nagoya as a reserve. For a time, "a few talents are long and salty" can be said to be the most luxurious lineup in Japan at that time. Strategically, the Japanese army adopted Tokugawa Ieyasu's suggestion and determined the tactics of "going hand in hand with land and sea", "bullying the weak with the strong" and "making a quick decision"; In order to ensure the supply of strategic materials for the army, the army went hand in hand and occupied North Korea in one fell swoop. After everything was ready, Toyotomi Hideyoshi officially started its war of aggression against Korea in April 1592.
1April 592 (25th year of Xuanzu in Korea, 20th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty and 1st year of Shilu in Japan), the Japanese advance troops crossed Ma Haixia and landed in Busan in April 13, and the war officially began. This year is the year of Renchen, so North Korea called it Renchen Great Patriotic War, China called it the Korean War in Wan Li, and Japan called it the Battle of Luwen Qingchuang (Japan launched the second war in Qingchuang for two years).
After Konishi Yukinaga first landed in Busan, Katou Kiyomasa led the follow-up troops to continue landing. The North Korean water army in Gyeongsangdo was completely defeated by the Nine Ghosts Jialong, and the right water set Yuan on fire, unable to cooperate with the army to stop the enemy from landing. As a result, Konishi Yukinaga easily won Donglai City. Then the whole advance team was divided into three roads according to the plan: Konishi Yukinaga stormed Yang Mi and pointed directly at Zhongzhou; Katou Kiyomasa attacked Sun Yan and Ulsan in an attempt to join forces with Konishi Yukinaga in Chungju, and then reached the capital (Seoul). However, Kuroda crossed Qiufengling to the north to cooperate with friendly forces. At the same time, the Japanese navy captured the coastal areas of Gyeongsang, Jeolla and Chungcheong.
North Korea is shocked by this, but it can only be shocked. All the government did was to appoint Liu Chenglong as the ambassador to command all the troops. And Shen Mo (sorry, I bought pirated books with too many typos, I don't know if this word is right) were sent as envoys of the border governor to stop the Japanese army. Sadly, Li Meng went to Shangzhou to fight for his life and only raised a few hundred people. Under the onslaught of Konishi Yukinaga, she fled everywhere. And "touch" the army's main rate, is behind the loyal state dachuan water array, and Katou Kiyomasa do or die. On April 27, the day when the two sides fought, regardless of the outcome, they ambushed Shen Mo's camp with 300 people in the dark, and then the army came and killed him. As a result, the Korean army retreated again and again, and finally reluctantly retreated to Zhongzhou City. At this point, Konishi Yukinaga and Katou Kiyomasa have joined forces and started to storm Zhongzhou with a great army. The Japanese army's skillful siege skills made it impossible for the Korean army to guard against it. The next day, the city was breached and touched to death. When Chungju fell, Seoul was virtually defenseless, and Emperor Xuanzu and his ministers hurriedly fled to Kaesong. The Japanese army then arrived and captured Seoul on May 3 only 20 days after the Japanese army landed. It is said that the emperor also wrote poems specially for Hideyoshi to celebrate.
Contrary to the successive victories of the army, the Japanese navy has been frustrated repeatedly, because they are facing the Jeolla-do navy of Li Shunchen. This man is proficient in the art of war, especially in water warfare. In the game, the water army attribute of Jiugui Jialong has always been S, so if Li Shunchen plays, it is necessary to add an S++ level (the reason will be mentioned later). On April 20, he mobilized the whole water army to rush to Qingshang Road to regroup the defeated Qingshang water army. Go out to sea to fight guerrilla warfare according to the situation that the enemy is strong and we are weak, and look for favorable opportunities. On May 7, 50 Japanese ships moored here were suddenly attacked in Yupu, 26 were sunk by * * * *, and then 5 were destroyed in the pursuit of Yongdengpu. Then Li Shunchen ambushed the Japanese supply fleet in Chizhenpu the next day and sank 13 (like Yang Weili? )。 As a result, Xiuji's attempt to "go hand in hand with the land" failed, and the supply of troops began to appear crisis. However, only one person in the North Korean navy was slightly injured, which made Hideyoshi, a soldier, have nothing to say all his life.
On May 29th, Li Shunchen's fleet sailed to the exposed sea near Swichuan and met the 12 Japanese ship led by Kamei of Katsuya. Kamei, afraid of Li Shunchen's reputation, abandoned the ship to climb the mountain and spread out a half-moon snake array on land. It coincides with the low tide, which is not good for the South Korean navy. So the North Korean water army pretended to retreat, and when the Japanese army came to rest, the whole fleet suddenly reversed and destroyed most of the enemy forces with the powerful firepower of the turtle boat. After that, the fleet continued eastward, and on June 2, it caught up with Kamei, who was looting and venting. Li Shunchen first used Kamei's high engine power to sink Kamei's command ship, then outflanked the enemy's wings and attacked the Japanese water army that had lost its command from all directions. Kamei was killed and 2 1 ship was destroyed. Then on June 5 and June 7, the Japanese supply fleet was even cut off. So far, Toyotomi Hideyoshi's main fleet? The Black Island Fleet was destroyed, and the sea control was completely in the hands of North Korea.
At this time, after Japanese troops occupied the capital, they were divided into two ways: Konishi Yukinaga crossed Kaesong and headed for Ping 'an Road, and Katou Kiyomasa attacked Jingxian Road, reaching Huining, the border between China and North Korea. At this point, the imperial Xuanzu had fled to Yizhou. As a result, less than two months after Busan landed, the army had taken control of the entire Korean peninsula except the northern part of Pyongyang and the coast of Jeolla-do. If it weren't for the fiasco of the water army, the lack of materials and the inability to expand the front, I'm afraid North Korea would have perished long before China sent troops.
At this time, the Ming dynasty, which has always been indifferent to the affairs of vassal States, could not sit still. The enemy in Jiangsu and Zhejiang had already broken the imperial court's brain. If Japan is allowed to devour North Korea now, the consequences will be unimaginable. So on June 2, the Ming Dynasty ordered Liaodong Fuzheng to send 20,000 elite soldiers to help North Korea. /kloc-In June of 0/5, pioneer Dai Chaoabandon and Shi Ru led the troops across the Yalu River./kloc-In June of 0/6, they entered Yizhou where North Korea's Li Wang was located. On June 2 1 day, Zu Chengxun, deputy general soldier, and Wang Shouguan, a guerrilla, also led a large army into North Korea.
In order to supply the military supplies in time, the drunkard Jialong sent a three-way fleet to invade the DPRK and fought a decisive battle with Li Shunchen's fleet in front of the idle mountain island. The water depth of the idle mountain island is beneficial to the Korean army. At first, the Korean army used a small-scale offensive to lure the Japanese into the encirclement. After the Japanese army all entered, the main force of the Korean army hidden in the north of the idle mountain island immediately launched a crane wing array to defeat the Japanese army from the front and side. Destroyed 59 enemy ships, thousands of Japanese troops, known as the triumph of the idle mountain island. This is a famous war example written in Mahan's Sea Power Theory. Since then, Li Shunchen has completely wiped out the remaining enemy forces in Angup.
Encouraged by this campaign, at dawn in July 17, the Chinese and Japanese armed forces finally began to clash. Zu Chengxun thinks that the Japanese army is "barbarian, how can it compete with the China army?" , rashly mobilize all forces to attack Pyongyang. At that time, the rain continued and the roads were muddy, so it was difficult for the Ming army, which was dominated by cavalry, to exert its power. When they rushed into the seemingly empty city of Pyongyang, they were immediately ambushed by Konishi Yukinaga. The ware team of the Japanese army played a great role. Dai Chao was abandoned, Shi Ru died on the spot, and the rest of the soldiers suffered heavy casualties. Zu Chengxun retreated to Dading River in one day and then to China. The offensive and defensive war in Pyongyang made Hideyoshi, who was still wary of the Ming Dynasty, no longer guard against it, and immediately sent Shimadzu Hongyi to send more troops to North Korea in an attempt to support Xiaoxi, Kato and Kuroda by land.
To Toyotomi Hideyoshi's surprise, the Japanese army headed by Katou Kiyomasa burned and looted in North Korea, and the Koreans hated the Japanese army. Rebels swarmed everywhere, and even monks formed monk soldiers (not professional monk soldiers like Japan) to resist the Japanese army, gradually replacing officers and men to form the main anti-Japanese force. As a direct result, the Japanese land supply line was unstable and had to divide a large number of troops to suppress the riots, so Hideyoshi had to give up his plan to March into Yizhou immediately.
On the other hand, in the Ming Dynasty, Li was appointed as the prefect of the company commanders in Jilin, Liaoning, Baoding and Shandong, and provided large-scale assistance to North Korea. Li 43000 troops entered Suchuan on 1, 593, 1.3, and the second Pingyang offensive and defensive war was declared.
6543810.6, when the Ming army surrounded Pyongyang, Li erected a big white flag, which read, "The Korean soldiers and civilians who voted for their subordinates are free from death." The general attack began the next day. Occupy a favorable geographical position, retreat to the earth hole in Lianguangge and shoot with muskets constantly, while Li stormed and fought by virtue of his numerical advantage. Both sides suffered heavy casualties, and even Li's mount was shot and killed. Finally, the Ming army was exhausted and forced to retreat. But Konishi Yukinaga was too exhausted to fight any more. Li wrote to him that night and said, "My strength is enough to annihilate you. But I couldn't bear to kill more people, so I gave up and let you go first. " Konishi Yukinaga wrote back: "I'd rather withdraw, please don't intercept." Then lead the beaten army to cross the frozen Datong River overnight and flee south. Li got rid of the ambush halfway as promised, and sent troops to kill him from behind, killing more than 600 people. A * * * annihilated the Japanese army 1646, captured 5 people alive, and the Ming army suffered 796 casualties.
19 February, Ming army entered Kaesong. At this time, Katou Kiyomasa has completely slaughtered it and fled to the south of the city. On February 27th, Li led 2,000 people to meet the Japanese army in Bitou Pavilion near Seoul. Fortunately, General Yang Yuan came to the rescue and returned to Kaesong. At that time, there were more than 40,000 Japanese troops in Beijing, which were the elite troops of the Japanese army, and the absolute number was more than that of the DPRK-China Coalition forces. Li decided to ensure the first line of Kaesong, while waiting for new domestic reinforcements, while rectifying the DPRK-China Coalition forces. On the other hand, Hideyoshi's confidant army was frustrated, his salary was insufficient, and diseases prevailed, and he also planned to withdraw. Both sides agreed. Although korean king strongly demanded revenge, the Ming Dynasty decided to hold peace talks.
On March 22nd, Ming envoy Shen Weijing went to Longshan to negotiate with Yu Xiduo's family, and it was agreed that the Japanese army would withdraw from Beijing on April 19, and the Ming army immediately entered the DPRK. On May 2nd, most Japanese invaders retreated to Busan. Hideyoshi doesn't want to fail. On the one hand, he built 18 castles in Gyeongsang and Jeolla Road. On the other hand, he used diplomatic skills to send Xiao Xi Ru 'an to Beijing to submit the terms of Japanese peace talks and began a four-year "peace talks" period.
In view of the fact that the Japanese army may not have any major military activities again, most of the Ming army returned to China on August 1593, leaving only 1 10,000 people stationed in North Korea. Li Shunchen was appointed by the imperial court as the special envoy of our three naval forces. This naval force is actually the commander-in-chief of the navy, that is, reorganizing the army to build warships. Hideyoshi also constantly used the negotiation time to replenish troops and transport weapons and materials in case of another war.
Tomorrow's talks will continue until September 1596, and there has been a deadlock. Hideyoshi thinks that the Japanese army has the ability to fight again, but first he must try to get rid of Li Shunchen. 1597 1, Konishi Yukinaga used Hideyoshi's trick to send people to spread rumors in Seoul to frame Li Shunchen. As a result, Li Shunchen was arrested and taken to Beijing.
After learning that the counter-plot was successful, Hideyoshi immediately mobilized140,000 troops and tens of thousands of water troops to invade North Korea on February 2 1 day. It took five months from mobilization to assembly preparation and it was ready in July. The Ming dynasty was furious with Japan for breaking the contract, and mobilized the troops of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Hebei and Liaoning and the water army of Fujian and Liaoning to aid Korea again.
On July 7th, Nine Ghosts Jialong wanted to make amends, and hit the North Korean navy headed by Yuan Jun in one fell swoop, and cooperated with the army to attack the North Korean navy of thousands of Chuan Dao by land and water. The North Korean army was almost completely annihilated, and the Japanese army took control of the sea power. On August 1, 14, the Japanese army attacked Jeolla Road in three ways, just in time for the Ming army to enter Jeolla and Chungcheong. General Yang Yuan led 3000 men to guard Nanyuan, but they were outnumbered. More than 2700 people died and Yang Yuan was injured.
/kloc-in August of 0/9, the Ming army retreated to Seoul except guarding Jishan, and the Japanese army occupied all areas of Jeolla-do. Li Shunchen was re-appointed as the ambassador of the Third Water Army, but at this time he only had 65,438+02 ships and 65,438+020 soldiers. So Li Shunchen reorganized the remaining troops and quietly prepared to restore strength in Biboting waters. On September 7th, 65,438+00,000 people from Kuroda attacked Ji Cheng and Shuchuan respectively, and were defeated by Jiang Mingjie. At this time, Ming will be happy? D, Ma Gui commanded 40,000 troops, joined forces with Marshal Kwon-soo of North Korea, and formed the Sino-North Korean Coalition forces, marching south on a large scale. Toyotomi Hideyoshi knew that Li Shunchen defeated the Japanese navy with fewer troops in the Liang Ming Strait, so the Japanese army quickly retreated strategically, making Katou Kiyomasa defend Ulsan, Konishi Yukinaga defend Shuntian, and Shimadzu Hongyi defend the river, forming a coastal garrison situation.
After reconnaissance, the allies decided to attack Ulsan with only 20,000 people first. At midnight on February 23rd, 65438+, the Ming army went all the way to Ulsan. After the war, pretend to retreat and destroy more than 500 Japanese troops with friendly forces. Katou Kiyomasa, who supervised Sishengpu, hurried back to Ulsan to personally guard the city. The Ming army stormed for four days in a row and still failed to capture the city. During this period, Katou Kiyomasa was unable to support, so he sent a letter to the Ming army for peace, but it was rejected. When the two sides were deadlocked, more than 65,438+3,000 Japanese troops from Xishengpu came to reinforce. 1February 9, 598, the Ming army was repeatedly unable to attack and was forced to retreat. On the way, he was chased and attacked, killing more than 3 thousand people.
After the Battle of Ulsan, both sides adjusted their strategies. Seeing that there was no hope of counterattack, Hideyoshi had to continue to ensure the defense line and encroach on North Korea after gaining a foothold in South Korea. Although the Ming army was defeated in Ulsan, its main force was not damaged, and the domestic water army sent Chen Lin and Deng Zilong to help. So the Ming army began to attack Ulsan, Suichuan and Surin at the same time. At the same time, the joint fleet of Mingshui Army and Li Shunchen controlled the South China Sea, cutting off the retreat of the Japanese army. At this time, there were only 60,000 Japanese troops in Korea, while the Chinese-Korean Coalition forces had 1 10000, which obviously had an advantage.
/kloc-in August, 2008, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who had been fighting all his life, died in Fujian Taoshan Castle because he was defeated in the Korean War. Give up your army before you die. This is undoubtedly worse for the Japanese army in North Korea. Konishi Yukinaga was in a dilemma, and once again proposed peace talks, which was once again rejected. He had to stick to the castle and wait for reinforcements.
On September 20th, the allied forces of China and North Korea went hand in hand to attack Konishi Yukinaga's Suncheon. Meanwhile, the Ming army also attacked Jinzhou. Until June 2, 10, Shuntian had not been breached, and the Ming army that attacked Jinzhou had occupied Jinzhou and attacked Suichuan with a strong force of nearly 30,000 people. Originally, the war went smoothly, but the Ming army's powder magazine suddenly exploded, causing chaos in the whole army and being pursued by the Japanese army, killing more than 8,000 people.
By June 1 1, the Japanese army's endurance had reached its limit. Konishi Yukinaga once again prepared to give a gift to Li Shunchen Camp, hoping for peace talks, but it was still rejected. Desperate, Konishi Yukinaga turned to Shimadzu Yoshihiro for help. Shimadzu assembled nearly 500 ships in an attempt to break through the defense lines of the Allies and open the road to return home. In the open sea, the last large-scale water war was launched with the water forces of Chen Lin and Li Shunchen. In the battle, Li Shunchen and Deng Zilong died successively (in middle school history textbooks), but Shimadzu's fleet also wiped out more than 200 ships.
65438+In early February, the Japanese army retreated across the board. Fortunately, Japan sent troops to the rescue, and it was not until 300 years later that it invaded Korea again. Allied forces became dull because of Li Shunchen's death, and most Japanese troops finally had no choice but to withdraw to Japan.
Throughout the war, the quality of Li Shunchen's generals and soldiers is obviously higher than that of China and North Korea's army ―― Japan is an exception. We have never made any big mistakes in tactics and strategy, and we can defeat the enemy even under extremely unfavorable circumstances (the Battle of Ulsan and the Battle of Swichuan). The level of combat honed in troubled times is unmatched by the army in peacetime. If there is anything wrong with the Japanese army, it is that it should never have started this war. At that time, Japan's years of war had just ended, and it was not as good as ZTE's Ming Dynasty in any case. On the Korean battlefield, the Japanese army's supply must be transported by sea to keep up, while the Ming army can be transported by land and water at the same time, so the stability of the supply lines of both sides is far from the same. In the face of the Ming army with almost infinite toughness, even if some tactical victories are achieved, it will not change the powerful offensive posture of the Chinese and Korean troops. It can be said that the outcome has been decided from the beginning. This is the biggest mistake made by the old fool Hideyoshi in his later years. However, the Ming army has advantages and cannot be translated into corresponding results. Before Toyotomi Hideyoshi died, he couldn't drive all the Japanese troops away. On the contrary, it has been defeated repeatedly. Just won by the number advantage, not necessarily so powerful.
After the war, North Korea built a "big newspaper altar" in Seoul to thank the rescue of the Ming Dynasty. After the Ming army returned to China, North Korea's gratitude to Ming even lasted until the early Qing Dynasty. However, the so-called Ming Shenzong Prize in Ming Dynasty is a bit exaggerated.