Psychological counseling, also known as mental health counseling, refers to the process of establishing a harmonious relationship with counseling function between emotional tutors and visitors, helping visitors to correctly understand themselves, accept themselves, and then appreciate themselves, and overcome obstacles in growth, change bad consciousness and tendencies, give full play to their personal potential, and move towards self-reality.
The purpose of psychological counseling is: to give the counseled emotional support, get rid of the confidence and courage of life difficulties, so that the counseled can know themselves more comprehensively and accurately, learn to manage themselves and establish good living habits; And correct the wrong ideas of the coachees and improve their analysis level of practical problems.
Second, what does psychological counseling mainly do?
The work of psychological counseling includes:
1, listen to the coachee patiently and give corresponding comfort and encouragement.
2. Conduct necessary psychological tests.
3. Tutoring the theoretical study of the coachee.
4. Supervise the students' daily life.
5. Conduct on-site drills to improve the life skills and emotional experience level of the coachee.
6. Help the coachee to solve the puzzles in life in time.
3. What's the difference between psychological counseling and psychological counseling?
Psychological counseling and counseling are both forms to solve mental health problems, so what's the difference between these two ways? The difference between psychological counseling and psychological counseling is mainly reflected in the following four aspects:
1, implementation object
The object of psychological counseling is general psychological confusion and usually solves developmental psychological problems; The objects of psychological counseling are not only healthy people, but also people with different degrees of psychological disorders, even mental patients.
2. Nature of work
The nature of psychological counseling belongs to the supportive behavior of assisting the "problem party" to adjust itself; The nature of psychological counseling is more inclined to the auxiliary behavior of psychotherapy, which needs to correct bad psychology and behavior.
3, engaged in requirements
Psychological counseling is not demanding, just need to master basic psychological knowledge and psychological counseling skills; Psychological counseling needs comprehensive psychological knowledge.
4. Mode of service
Psychological counseling has no special requirements for the service location, and it can be anywhere; Psychological counseling is usually carried out in the psychological counseling room, which requires some auxiliary psychological counseling equipment.
4. What are the psychological counseling methods?
There are many methods of psychological counseling, and the common ones are as follows:
1, listening method
Listen carefully and patiently to the opinions of the consulted. In this process, the two sides are friends and get along with each other on an equal footing, helping the coached to vent their psychological pressure in words. Pay attention to skills when listening, such as keeping a proper distance between the two sides when talking, leaning forward slightly when listening, and nodding appropriately from time to time to adapt your emotions and body language to each other.
2. Empathy method
Understand and share the mental load of visitors by experiencing the spiritual world of others, and guide them to vent their pressure through appropriate words or actions.
3. Prompting method
Hinting refers to psychological counseling that allows visitors to accept positive hints through their own language or behavior, thus treating mental illness. This method has a good effect on enhancing self-confidence and overcoming exam anxiety, stage fright and inferiority complex, but it needs the trust of counselors.
4. System desensitization method
Step by step, from weak to strong, gradually adapt to a stimulus that causes allergic reactions, such as any exam anxiety, and let him break down the exam process into several steps and do systematic desensitization exercises.
5. Drainage method
The psychological process of expelling all kinds of unpleasant emotions from the human body, such as making the coachee cry, doodling on the graffiti wall, throwing things, etc.