Keywords: network communication; Network ethics; cause
China Library Classification Number: G206.2 Document Identification Number: Part A Number:1672-8122 (2012) 08-0053-02.
First, the network ethics in network communication
In the 1960 s and 1970 s, some people in the US Department of Defense realized that the future war would depend on communication, and envisaged the establishment of a similar? Spider web? Information system. So, in the summer of 1969, ARPA Internet? The prototype was thus produced. From the birth of the Internet in the United States to the rapid development now, human society has become wonderful because of the richness of the Internet. People communicate with each other, produce various relationships and form a society. ? Network society? In the same way, the interaction between netizens is carried out through words, pictures, sounds and images, and anyone can have the dual identity of information receiver and information disseminator. We have a new way of communication? Network communication. Network communication is a form of information transmission and communication based on computer communication technology, which has the characteristics of mass communication and interpersonal communication. It breaks the restriction of one-to-one or one-to-many communication and is a many-to-many network communication mode. The network is increasingly affecting people's life, study and work because of its large amount of information, fast communication speed and resource enjoyment. What about the online version? A double-edged sword? It is convenient for people to browse information, but it also brings all kinds of uncertain information, even full of unhealthy content such as pornography and violence, which has caused some moral and ethical problems. ? Network ethics? Become the focus of attention of experts and scholars. Network ethics refers to all kinds of moral relations when people spread through network media, including the relationship between people, people and society, people and media objects [1].
Second, the problems in network communication
The invention of computer is the product of the fifth information revolution. The combination of computer technology and communication technology has created the network, making it the most extensive and active information dissemination carrier after newspapers, radio and television. There are various problems in network communication.
(1) Disseminating content.
Accustomed to reading news on Weibo, asking each other a few words on MSN, and clicking to buy what you need? Modern people's life seems to be inseparable from the internet. Massive information flow and simple information acquisition are the fascinating places of the network. Too much and too fast information production and dissemination, the complexity of the value orientation of production and dissemination, and the relative lack of network information gatekeepers all aggravate the untrue information to a certain extent, which makes the credibility of network communication questioned [2]. In the vast ocean of information, on the one hand, netizens are surprised by such vast information, but at the same time, they have to endure the pain of information surging in. Are you online? Eyeball economy? Driven by, the website makes a lot of money? Click rate? Rack one's brains just to increase popularity, and the mixed information will multiply. Truth is the guarantee for the survival of the media, but it is very fragile in the network. There is a flood of false information in entertainment news, and there are also suspicions of speculation by artists and their brokerage companies; The phenomenon of forgery of securities information and business information in network economic information is on the verge of flooding. Driven by commercial interests, in order to cater to some people's low tastes, various forms of pornographic pictures, pornographic literature and unhealthy films have also appeared on the Internet, which has caused bad social impact. Spam-based network junk information is also one of the manifestations of the proliferation of network communication content. False information and junk information appear openly in front of the audience, resulting in information * *. At present, online shopping, online chatting, online games and other ways are mainly used in the network. Beijing Haidian Public Security Bureau has also been specially established? Prevention of * * private network? .
(B) the disclosure of personal privacy
Privacy issues in network communication are particularly noteworthy. Anonymity makes people's communication range infinitely expanded, and communication is more random and uncertain. Anonymity is the most prominent feature of network communication and an effective way to protect the privacy of netizens. For the sake of network information security, managers have to monitor, regularly review and make public the network information when necessary, which will inevitably infringe on personal privacy. In the network functions such as email, forum and chat, nicknames and IDs are numerous, and anonymity is widely used. Through network anonymity, unsafe events such as infringement and slander also occur frequently in the network. Abuse of anonymity inevitably creates opportunities for cyber crimes and leads to confusion in privacy management.
People began to care about the disclosure of personal information and information privacy, which is one of the mature manifestations of network communication. How to strike a balance between protecting network anonymity and respecting network privacy is a moral issue at present. Since June 5438+065438+1October 5438, China has implemented the Regulations on the Administration of Internet Service Business Sites. Article 23 stipulates? The business unit of the Internet service business premises shall check and register the valid certificates such as the ID cards of the Internet consumers, and record the relevant Internet information? , that is, the real-name registration system of Internet cafes. Weibo, which is very popular now, also requires a real-name registration system; The Information Office of Beijing Municipal People's Government, Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau, Beijing Communications Administration Bureau and Beijing Internet Information Office have formulated the Provisions on the Development and Management of Microblogging in Beijing, which came into effect on 20 1 1, 12 and 16. Real name backstage, voluntary front desk? Users must use real identity information when registering, and users can choose nicknames voluntarily. Weibo, Sina, Sohu, Netease and other major websites were registered in real-name registration system on March 6, 20 12.
(C) the spread of information asymmetry
The influence of media on individuals and society is restricted by many factors, and the media has the nature of cross-regional and cross-border since its birth. The original? Trilateral agreement? From the initial media competition to the current competition between old and new media, until the network hegemony, western countries have always occupied the information advantage, which also makes them constantly monopolize and gain profits. In network communication, the inequality of information exchange is more obvious. Communication scholars have raised the issue of fairness between media communication and access to information. Knowledge gap theory? , online media not only brings? Knowledge gap? , but also to explain this theory in depth, according to the current use results, network media has been consistent with the original intention of its construction? Freedom, reciprocity and cooperation? Drifting away, making it bigger? Digital divide? . The digital divide was first put forward in 1999, also known as the information divide, especially the gap between the information rich and the information poor. In fact, the digital divide is the gap in the ability to create wealth.
The data shows that the population of developed countries accounts for 17% of the world's total population, but Internet users account for 80% of the world. On average, 6.8 people in developed countries have an Internet user, while 440 people in developing countries have an Internet user. 90% of the global e-commerce volume is monopolized by developed countries. The investment in information technology by developed countries in the United States and Europe accounts for 75% of the total investment in global information technology. At present, 8 1% of Internet pages are in English [3]. The research on network ethics in China mainly focuses on network infringement, network addiction, information and so on. In addition to the philosophical basis and discipline attribution of network ethics, the research in western countries also involves: network intellectual property, electronic monitoring, network security, hacker ethics, global ethics, e-commerce ethics and so on. The research on network ethics in western countries started earlier and faster.