The implementation of termite control project is the main content of implementing the policy of "prevention first, combination of prevention and control, comprehensive management", and the quality of termite control project is closely related to housing safety. Over the years, termite control institutions have been both athletes and referees. In the process of termite control in houses around the country, there have been many irregular behaviors such as irregular quality management, emphasis on construction completion and neglect of quality [1].
At present, project quality management is still a weak link in termite control, and the project quality cannot be effectively guaranteed, which seriously hinders the sustainable development of the industry [2]. How to ensure the quality of termite control engineering, eliminate quality hidden dangers and promote the healthy development of the industry is a problem that the majority of termite control workers need to face and solve seriously. After the cancellation of termite prevention fee, how to upgrade termite control institutions has been put on the agenda. Notice of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on Further Improving Termite Prevention in Newly-built Houses (Su Guan [2017] No.553) clearly requires Jiangsu termite control institutions to effectively perform the functions of industry management, business guidance and supervision services. Nantong Termite Control Management Center has established a quality management system covering the whole process before, during and after the work, based on the Management Regulations on Termite Control in Urban Houses (OrderNo. 130 of the Ministry of Construction), aiming at improving and ensuring the project quality, and using GIS and other geographic information technologies and process dynamic monitoring, which provides a reference for the next industry transformation and upgrading.
1 Preparation for quality management of termite prevention project
1. 1 Set up functional departments and clarify regulatory responsibilities.
With the approval of Nantong City, Nantong Termite Control Institute was officially renamed Nantong Termite Control Management Center on 20 13, and a quality supervision department (laboratory) was established to be responsible for the quality supervision of termite control projects in the region. The center has established a testing laboratory, purchased testing equipment including gas chromatography and liquid chromatography, and introduced professionals with relevant backgrounds such as drugs and insects for quality management.
1.2 introduce rules and regulations to strengthen the main responsibility.
The center has successively issued a series of institutional documents, such as Quality Management Measures for Termite Control Project in Nantong City (Attached Provisions), Examination System for Termite Control Project in Nantong City, and Technical Specification for Testing and Evaluation of Soil Chemical Barrier in Termite Control Project in Nantong City, as a guide to guide the quality management of termite control in this area, which clarified the division of responsibilities of various departments and posts in quality management, refined the workflow to all links, and promoted the standardization and institutionalization of termite control work in the city.
1.3 set up full-time quality inspectors to eliminate the disadvantages of internal supervision.
In order to ensure the fairness, justice and openness of the quality supervision process, put an end to graft and black-box operation, and reduce the resistance of the supervised personnel, the center has set up a full-time quality inspector. Quality inspectors are selected from various departments, trained and assessed, and supervise the process of preventive engineering and concealed engineering.
1.4 Develop the dynamic monitoring system of the project to improve the level of informatization.
The center has introduced a termite damage distribution and mobile data collection system based on GIS (Geographic Information System). Workers upload data such as site location, construction images and engineering records to the server in real time through hand-held mobile terminals, and dynamically display them on the big screen in the form of maps, which is convenient for quality managers to grasp monitoring key points in real time and improve work efficiency.
2 concrete work of quality management of termite prevention project
The construction of termite control in Nantong City was carried out in accordance with the Technical Specification for Termite Control in Buildings (jggj32/T245-2011), and the site investigation, scheme preparation, data entry and construction safety were actively done. The quality management of drug barrier prevention project mainly includes drug inspection, scheme audit, intermediate acceptance and completion acceptance, and the quality management of monitoring system mainly includes equipment inspection, scheme audit, on-site inspection and completion acceptance. The following mainly introduces the quality management of drug barrier technology.
2. 1 drug testing
The selection of termite control drugs in Nantong follows the principle of "high efficiency, low toxicity, long duration and environmental friendliness". Relevant safety management regulations shall be observed in the process of drug storage, transportation and use, and different kinds of drugs shall not be mixed without authorization. Before the termite preventive drugs enter the warehouse, the quality inspector checks and samples them. The main inspection contents include: ① whether the product packaging is complete; (2) whether the external label is in good condition and meets the requirements; ③ Whether the three certificates of pesticides are within the validity period; (4) Whether there is an ex-factory inspection report; ⑤ Whether the date of drug production is within the shelf life; ⑥ Open the container and check whether the product is uniform, crystallized, precipitated or layered. After passing the inspection, the quality inspector and the drug keeper shall sign for acceptance, fill in the Receipt of Termite Control Drugs in Nantong City, and keep the relevant samples for at least 2 years. For drugs that fail to pass the inspection, the production enterprise shall be notified in time to take back the drugs for processing.
2.2 Scheme audit
The quality inspector shall inspect the construction scheme, mainly including the risk assessment of ant damage, dilution concentration, application site, dosage of liquid medicine, scheme description, etc. Some quality inspectors who make unreasonable construction plans timely point out and guide the correction, and sign for confirmation after verification. 2.2. 1 Hazard Risk Assessment Before construction, the construction personnel shall conduct hazard risk assessment for the project. According to the specific number of risk factors of termite damage (represented by n), the evaluation grades are divided into grade I, grade II and grade III, which correspond to low, medium and high termite damage risks respectively. The evaluation results will be used as the basis of drug dilution multiple and intermediate acceptance time. The main risk factors of termite damage include: ① the building type is wood structure or brick-wood structure; (2) Termite hazards have occurred in the original site; ③ Backfill soil contains lignocellulose; (4) The wooden formwork of the building has not been dismantled; ⑤ Waste containing cellulose is not cleaned up; ⑥ The building is not designed to prevent ants. Specific evaluation criteria (table 1). As can be seen from Table 1, when the building structure is wood structure or brick-wood structure, the risk of ant damage in this project is at least moderate; When n≥2, the risk level of ant damage in this project is high, which should be paid great attention to and necessary measures should be taken to prevent it. 2.2.2 The dilution concentration of drugs with dilution concentration shall be selected according to the risk assessment grade of termites, with specific standards (Table 2). 2.2.3 The application site shall be implemented according to the industry standard (JGJG32/T245-2011). 2.2.4 The dosage of liquid medicine shall be implemented according to the industry standard (JGJGJ32/T245-2011), which can be appropriately adjusted within the range of 1 ~ 5L/m2 according to the actual situation. 2.2.5 Description of Scheme The remarks or descriptions of the construction scheme shall indicate the assessment basis of risk level, on-site construction situation, etc.
2.3 Intermediate acceptance
During the progress of the project, the construction team leader will notify the quality inspector for intermediate acceptance 1 working days in advance. In principle, the same project shall be accepted at least 1 time, and the projects with medium and high-grade or single buildings of more than 20 buildings shall be accepted at least twice. The contents and steps of intermediate acceptance include: ① Whether warning signs are set on the construction site and whether irrelevant personnel are prohibited from entering or leaving; (2) Whether the construction equipment is fully equipped and whether the safety protection work of the construction personnel is in place; (3) Whether the construction personnel use pesticides according to the construction plan; (4) After the construction, whether the remaining drugs on site are properly handled; (5) Whether to sign the acceptance with the construction unit; 6. If the site environment meets the sampling standard, the quality inspector will collect soil samples for inspection in time. After acceptance, the quality inspector will fill in the intermediate acceptance form of termite prevention project on site and submit it to the construction team as the completion requirement. Laboratory inspectors detected the drug concentration in the soil according to Technical Specification for Detection and Evaluation of Soil Chemical Barrier of Termite Control Project in Houses (DB32/T 1075-2007). Within 5 working days, the quality inspection report of soil chemical barrier of termite prevention project in houses will be issued to judge whether the application concentration is qualified.
2.4 Completion acceptance
After the completion of the termite prevention project, the construction personnel shall sort out and submit relevant materials to the quality supervision department for completion acceptance within 3 working days. For unqualified acceptance, the quality inspector will put forward rectification opinions in time, and the construction personnel will take remedial measures in time. Overdue rectification projects will be punished according to the relevant management system of the center. The conditions for judging the unqualified completion acceptance of termite prevention project in houses are as follows: ① Incomplete submission of completion acceptance data; (2) The contents of the materials are incomplete, and there is no signature of relevant personnel for confirmation; ③ The quality test results of soil chemical barrier seriously deviate from the normal range; (4) The submission time of completion acceptance exceeds the prescribed time limit; ⑤ Major safety and quality accidents occurred during construction. Qualified termite prevention projects should be filed in time, and a special person should be responsible for the collection and management of files. Files should be collected by stages according to the project implementation process, and the collected files should be carefully checked. The archive shall be kept for at least 15 years.
3 discussion
3. 1 Pay attention to the quality management of termite control institutions in weak areas.
Standardizing and strengthening the quality management of termite prevention projects requires continuous manpower and material resources. Due to the unbalanced regional development, some termite control institutions in counties, cities and districts have insufficient investment in personnel and hardware facilities, and cannot establish an effective quality management system. Therefore, for termite control institutions that do not have the conditions, they can entrust the business guidance department at the next higher level to carry out relevant work on their behalf, and at the same time regularly carry out construction operation and quality management training to improve the professional quality and management level of personnel.
3.2 Strengthen the functions of termite control institutions
There are many risk factors of termite damage in buildings, such as the failure to clean up lignocellulose during backfilling and the failure to remove the wooden formwork of buildings. Local housing and construction departments should strengthen the functions of termite institutions, so that they can urge construction units to remove cellulose-containing wastes such as tree roots, stakes, wooden templates and abandoned wooden materials in the construction site, inform the construction progress in time, and coordinate and solve related matters in termite control and construction.
3.3 Actively change ideas and explore industry transformation and upgrading.
With the continuous advancement of institutional reforms in various places, the status quo that termite control institutions are both referees and athletes is bound to be unsustainable. Practitioners should have a sense of being prepared for danger in times of peace, actively embrace the transformation and upgrading of the industry, let the market belong to the market and the government belong to the government, change the previous thinking of emphasizing construction and neglecting supervision, and gradually transition to supervision-oriented, and establish an effective quality management system.
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