In ancient times, China's vast land was covered with dense forests, including the Yellow River Basin, a warm climate area and Lin Musen depression. In addition, wood is easy to process, and stone tools can be used to complete cutting, cutting, leveling and tenoning (although the processing is very rough). With the use of bronze tools and later tools such as iron axe, hammer, saw, chisel, drill and planer, the technical level of wood structure has been rapidly improved, thus forming a unique and mature architectural technology and art system in China.
(2) strong adaptability
Wood structure buildings are composed of columns, beams, purlins, purlins and other components, which bear the loads of roofs and floors, as well as wind and earthquake forces. The wall is not load-bearing, but only plays the role of enclosing, separating and stabilizing the columns. Therefore, there is a folk saying that "the wall will not collapse when it falls down." The interior of the house can be divided into spaces more freely, and doors and windows can be opened and closed at will. It has great flexibility and adaptability, and can meet the use requirements regardless of water town, mountain area, cold zone and tropical zone.
(3) Strong seismic performance.
Wood frame is composed of tenon and mortise. The flexibility of wood itself and the mobility of the joint between tenon and mortise make the whole wood frame have great potential in reducing earthquake damage. Many famous wooden structures that have experienced major earthquakes, such as Guanyin Pavilion of Dule Temple in Jixian County, Tianjin, and Fogong Temple Tower in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province (both buildings in Liao Dynasty with a history of thousands of years), can be used. It can be well preserved to this day, which is a strong proof.
(4) the construction speed is fast
Wood is processed much faster than stone. In addition, after the Tang and Song Dynasties, a method similar to today's building modular system was adopted ("using wood in the Song Dynasty and using" fighting mouth "in the Qing Dynasty), and the styles of various wood components have also been finalized. Therefore, various wooden components can be processed at the same time and then assembled. Therefore, some churches in ancient Europe often took more than 100 years to build, while large buildings such as Beijing Palace and Wang Fu were built by Ming Chengzu, and it took only ten years from material preparation to completion. During the Jiajing period, it took only three years to build the three halls of the Forbidden City, and the reconstruction of the Yongshou Palace in Xiyuan took only ten days (100 days).
(5) Convenient for maintenance and relocation.
The tenon-mortise connection is detachable, so it is easy to replace a part or dismantle and move the whole house. There are also examples of palaces and temples being demolished and rebuilt in different places in history, such as Yongle Palace in Yongji County, Shanxi Province, which is a representative Taoist temple in the Yuan Dynasty. In 1950s, the whole building complex was demolished and moved to Ruicheng County.
Due to the above advantages of wooden frame architecture, the demand for architecture in ancient society did not make a qualitative leap, and trees could still be supplied. Coupled with the shackles of traditional concepts and the lack of strong external factors, wooden frame architecture still firmly occupied the mainstream position of China architecture until the end of 1 9 century and the beginning of the 20th century.
This paper introduces the content of "Architectural Characteristics of Wood Frame Structure". Welcome to Zhong Da for more information.
For more information about project/service/procurement bidding, and to improve the winning rate, please click on the bottom of official website Customer Service for free consultation:/#/? source=bdzd