Why is it called Westernization Movement?

The Westernization Movement, based on learning Westernization, achieved the goal of self-improvement. At that time, it was called "Westernization" and "Westernization Movement" in foreign countries. The main purpose of the movement was to make the Qing dynasty rich and strong, and not to be bullied by foreigners, and the result ended in failure. However, to a certain extent, the advanced foreign systems and ideas that China learned involved the interests of the ruling class. The textbook is about induction.

Reason for failure:

At that time, the failure of the Westernization Movement in China was inevitable. First, the Westernization School tried to use some advantages of western capitalism to maintain feudal autocracy without touching the decadent feudal system. The contradiction between this means and the foundation makes the Westernization Movement doomed to be impossible. At the same time, the Westernization Movement was obstructed and destroyed by die-hards all over the country, which increased the resistance to the development of the Westernization Movement. Second, the class limitations of the Westernization School itself determine that they are not only the founders and operators of modern industry, but also their destroyers and destroyers. Their feudal yamen and bureaucratic system will inevitably lead to the failure of westernization enterprises. Third, one of the purposes of the Westernization Movement is to resist foreign aggression. However, when conducting diplomatic activities, the Westernization School insisted on "harmony but difference" and surrendered to foreign countries. The modern enterprises they founded have the function of resisting foreign aggression and benefiting people, but they can't change the semi-colonial and semi-feudal social status of China. In the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the goals of "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth" advertised by the Westernization School failed to be realized, and the Westernization Movement basically failed.

Westernization school advocates "middle school as the body, western learning for use", hoping to maintain feudal rule with advanced technology, and the reform will not touch the feudal system. Because the reform only absorbs advanced western technology and does not learn advanced western technology, it is bound to fail.

The book concludes that "the Westernization Movement basically failed". After all, it played a considerable positive role in the society at that time.