A complete graduation thesis or graduation design report should be composed of the following parts: title (title), table of contents, abstract (in Chinese and foreign languages), introduction (preface), body, conclusion, references and appendix.
First, the content and requirements of graduation thesis writing
1. Title: The title should be short, clear and general. After reading it, people can get a general idea of the exact content, professional characteristics and research scope of the article. Title words should be appropriate, generally not more than 20 words.
2. Contents
3. Abstract: Also called executive summary, it should summarize the main contents, methods and viewpoints of this research topic in a condensed form, as well as the main achievements and conclusions obtained, and should reflect the essence of the whole paper. The statement is required to be objective, focused, concise, concise and unique. Chinese abstract is about 300 words; In principle, excellent thesis defense students also need to translate Chinese abstracts and keywords into English.
4. Preface: This is the preface of the full text. Including: the reason and significance of the topic; Comment on the existing research status of this topic; Explain the problems to be solved and the relevant theories and methods adopted; Summarize the arguments, arguments and achievements of the research.
As a summary and preface, although the contents are basically the same, there are still great differences. The main points are as follows: the abstract should be highly summarized, concise and to the point, and the preface can be slightly specific; Some contents in the abstract, such as concluding observations, can be expressed in general, while all contents in the preface must be expressed clearly; The reasons for not writing the topic should be clearly reflected in the preface; Generally speaking, there are more prefaces than abstracts in words.
5. Text
The text is the author's detailed statement of his research topic.
The main text of graduation thesis should be written as "problem research (discussion) type", that is, using the professional theoretical knowledge learned to analyze and solve specific problems in social real life or personal practical work. It not only has a certain theoretical depth, but also organically links the actual research topic with the professional knowledge learned, focusing on the stylistic types of theoretical application. But it is not appropriate to write the text as "investigation report" or "work summary".
Conditional can also be written as "theoretical research type", that is, after some in-depth discussion, demonstration and analysis of valuable theoretical problems, new views or new views are put forward, focusing on academic research types.
Steps and requirements for writing the text:
(1) Outline: Think deeply about the topics set in the paper. On the basis of fully reading the literature, draft the outline of the paper. Usually, the structure of the whole article can only be established after repeated deliberation and revision. According to the content, we should sort out the ideas and determine the pattern, so as to achieve clear hierarchy and rigorous structure. The outline can be listed in more detail, that is, the detailed outline of the main content. The outline needs to be approved by the tutor before writing the first draft.
(2) Writing the first draft: According to the outline, the topics discussed include: the basic premise, scope of conditions and theoretical basis of research work; Research methods and means usually have the following two methods:
The purpose of the study is achieved by means and methods of theoretical deduction. This content must be carefully organized, so that the concept is accurate, and the judgment and reasoning conform to the development law of objective things and people's cognitive habits and procedures for objective things. In other words, let the words be orderly, reasonable and meaningful. Take the argument as the center and organize it into a complete and rigorous content whole;
Use the method of investigation to achieve the purpose of research. The purpose, object, scope, time, place, process and method of the investigation are related to the final result of the research, but not to the result itself. So, be sure to describe it briefly. However, the samples, data and new findings mentioned in the investigation should be explained in detail, which is the basis for drawing conclusions. If the writing is abstract and simple, the conclusion will be untenable and the analysis will not be credible, so we should pay special attention to it in writing.
Results and discussion analysis are the core of the whole paper. When writing, we should carefully screen the research results, write those necessary and sufficient data, phenomena and understandings as the basis of analysis, and try to avoid telling the results clearly. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results should explain the data processing method and error analysis; Explain the origin of theoretical derivation, and use charts or tables appropriately.
(3) Second draft: After the first draft is written, it will be submitted to the instructor for review, comments and amendments. Write the second draft according to the tutor's revision.
(4) Finalization
6. Conclusion: This is a summary of the whole research work: it reflects the author's research results, expresses the author's views and opinions on the research topic, is the ideological essence of the full text, and reflects the level and value of the paper. The requirements are general, clear, tightly worded and easy to understand; Introduce your own research results realistically, and don't write conclusions that belong to others; Meanwhile, don't exaggerate.
7. References and appendices: This is an indispensable part of the graduation thesis. It reflects the source of graduation thesis, the breadth and reliability of materials. A complete reference is also a valuable material for readers. When quoting references, we must pay attention to the standardization of writing.
The number of words in graduation thesis is 0.4 ~ 0.8 million.
It must be reminded that no matter which part of the report or paper is used, the source of previous viewpoints, methods, conclusions and achievements must be indicated. The general practice is to compile the relevant papers or materials of predecessors into references, and then add the reference code to the text you quoted. If you don't do this, you will be suspected of plagiarism and infringement.