Introduction: Under the background of world economic globalization and regional economic integration, facing the fierce competition among enterprises and the rapid development of e-commerce, logistics services are required to develop in a deep and all-round way.
First, e-commerce and the development of third-party logistics
Third-party logistics refers to a logistics management mode in which production and operation enterprises entrust professional logistics service enterprises through contracts in order to concentrate their main business, and at the same time keep close contact with logistics service enterprises through information systems in order to manage and control the whole logistics process. Third-party logistics providers can make a certain profit by providing all or part of supply chain logistics services to customers. The development of the third-party logistics market is the inevitable result of the development of modern social economy. With the economic globalization, the social division of labor is becoming more and more important, the scale of material circulation is increasing, production, distribution, exchange and consumption are placed in an unprecedented and extremely broad space, and the important role of third-party logistics in social economy is becoming more and more prominent.
Third-party logistics is an important condition to realize e-commerce. E-commerce realizes commodity trading and transaction management by using modern information technology, and realizes high efficiency, low cost, networking and globalization. The core advantage of e-commerce is to facilitate the end consumers to the greatest extent. The third party logistics provides more diversified, faster and higher service level, which helps enterprises to save logistics costs and improve logistics efficiency.
The development of third-party logistics can not be separated from e-commerce platform. However, if there is no efficient and low-cost logistics system guarantee, this advantage of e-commerce cannot be concentrated. At present, the processing of business flow, capital flow and information flow in e-commerce transactions can be realized by computers and network communication equipment. Only logistics, except for a few goods and services that can be transmitted through the network, most of them still need to be delivered through traditional logistics transportation. Borrow economics? Kanekin's law? To analyze, we can see that logistics is the development of e-commerce? Short board? , seriously restricting the development of e-commerce. Therefore, efficient and low-cost logistics is the key to e-commerce. Generally speaking, compared with the self-operated logistics of enterprises, the huge logistics demand formed by the development of e-commerce promotes the development of third-party logistics. The strong competitive advantage of e-commerce makes more and more enterprises use e-commerce to transform traditional circulation channels, which leads to the change of circulation mode and the increase of demand for third-party logistics. On the other hand, it is the cost of e-commerce. At the same time, e-commerce has realized the decision, simplified the logistics process and greatly improved the logistics efficiency.
E-commerce requires logistics to develop into fast, high-quality and low-cost product distribution, providing customers with unique supply chain solutions. However, at present, most third-party logistics enterprises in China are still scattered, with small, few, weak and scattered enterprises, single function, low management level and low technical service level, which determines that China's logistics enterprises can not cope with the competition of multinational logistics companies after joining WTO. According to preliminary statistics, in our country, because most third-party logistics enterprises can't effectively integrate all logistics links in their operations, they can't achieve the purpose of shortening time and reducing costs. The proportion of customers who use third-party logistics services exceeds 30%. How to solve the new logistics bottleneck in e-commerce environment? We can clearly see that the development of logistics? Short board? It is the application of information technology. Be able to adapt to the market
Demand, win-win with customers and truly effective third-party logistics should be based on information construction, which is the key to solve the bottleneck of modern logistics development in China's e-commerce environment.
Second, the key of third-party logistics informatization in e-commerce environment
The essence of logistics informatization is integration, which is reflected in the enjoyment of information and the optimization of process. The key of third-party logistics informatization is to fully understand the essence of modern logistics and its service function, and to find valuable new ideas and concepts of logistics operation for enterprises and use them. The development of third-party logistics in e-commerce environment emphasizes the use of information technology, and with the help of e-commerce platform, it optimizes the management of logistics enterprises through the functions of maintaining and managing basic logistics information, interacting with service providers and customers, optimizing decision-making, departmental evaluation and financial management, so as to better provide logistics services to customers.
1, basic information management. Basic information management includes not only the basic information management of third-party logistics enterprises, but also the information management of supplementary service providers and supply chain enterprises. The realization of basic information includes logistics online registration, online basic information maintenance and other functions, mainly including the scope of operation, the operating tools provided, the operating path, the approximate operating time and so on.
2. Interactive information management. Interactive information management is mainly the information management generated by the interaction between third-party logistics and supplementary service providers and customers. The main contents include: issuing third-party logistics business instructions, paying attention to the implementation status of logistics instructions, customer network service consultation and feedback management, and customer logistics business execution query. Interactive information management can optimize logistics decision support system.
3. Optimize decision-making. The optimization decision is mainly based on the existing service capacity of the third-party logistics enterprises, the analysis of dynamic logistics resource information and the comprehensive evaluation of customers and suppliers. On the premise of meeting customer requirements, optimize and determine logistics business solutions. Best in the industry? To serve customers better. The specific contents of optimization decision include route selection, transportation carrier optimization and the establishment of decision evaluation system.
4. Comprehensive evaluation of logistics system. The comprehensive evaluation of logistics system is the most complex but valuable link in the informatization construction of third-party logistics enterprises. From the overall point of view of logistics system, it is required to analyze and process business information data by means of information technology, combined with customer needs, and objectively evaluate the current situation of logistics system (such as logistics productivity, logistics quality, etc.). ), so as to make reasonable planning and effective control of the logistics system.
5. Logistics financial management. Financial management informatization includes accounts receivable management and accounts payable management information flow processing. In the aspect of receivables management, through the analysis of customer logistics service orders, it provides information basis for customer relationship management and overall financial system accounting; In the management of accounts payable, the flow of funds with cooperative service providers is recorded for the evaluation of service providers and the accounting of the overall financial system.
Third, the third-party logistics under informatization.
With the help of informatization, third-party logistics can provide a complete supply chain solution with unified design, implementation and operation capabilities, and can maximize customer value. The third-party logistics information operation is mainly manifested in the collaborative operation between the third-party logistics enterprises and e-commerce enterprises and the integrated operation mode of the third-party logistics scheme under the enterprise information platform. Third-party logistics enterprises and information technology companies, electronics
Commercial companies cooperate through modern information technology, commercial contracts or strategic alliances to jointly develop the market. The third-party logistics under informatization integrates the e-commerce platform with the supply chain system, and the logistics information system with the procurement, production, sales and other system modules of the ERP system of the production enterprise, which can not only ensure the rapid response ability of the real-time production system of the production enterprise, but also ensure that both the production enterprise and the logistics enterprise can pass the inventory? Virtualization? Try to reduce inventory costs.
Information-based third-party logistics has the following basic characteristics: (1) specialized information service. Third-party logistics enterprises outsource their information systems to specialized logistics information service providers; (2) Comprehensive business development. After the information transformation, the third-party logistics company can cross the information boundary of departments, realize the interconnection of data and information of various departments, realize the information integration with upstream and downstream partners, and truly realize the integration and cooperation inside and outside the enterprise; (3) Systematic management. The main purpose of the third-party logistics industry is to further reduce costs and improve efficiency through highly intensive group management; (4) The demand for talents is high. Because the information construction of the third-party logistics company involves the systematic application of many advanced technologies, its personnel should have rich modern technical knowledge and super management adaptability.
Fourthly, the path of China's third-party logistics information construction.
Generally speaking, the third-party logistics informatization construction is a social system engineering, which must be planned as a whole and implemented step by step. At present, we can focus on the following aspects:
1. Increase the logistics information infrastructure to support the development of e-commerce. It is believed that the government's overall planning of information-based third-party logistics plays a more important role in integrating resources, and its development will play an important role in promoting or restricting social and economic development, commodity circulation and mass consumption. To speed up the pace of China's third-party logistics informatization, the government should strengthen overall planning, increase investment in supporting social informatization construction, actively guide and support the rapid development of China's e-commerce, and provide a foundation for the third-party logistics informatization construction. Only by vigorously developing e-commerce, stimulating the demand of outsourcing logistics, and promoting social informatization through the development of e-commerce, thus laying the foundation for the informatization development of third-party logistics; In addition, government departments should directly give corresponding policy guidance and support to the informatization construction of small and medium-sized third-party logistics enterprises in China.
2. Do a good job in the standardization and standardization of logistics services. The key to the development of third-party logistics lies in the fact that production enterprises can hand over the control of logistics to logistics service providers, provided that logistics services must be standardized and standardized. Industry norms and standardization are making current provisions on relevant details. For the logistics industry. Need standardization? Supplier? Trunk logistics? Issue? Delivered to the buyer? Organically connecting with other logistics links to reduce the difficulty and cost of logistics interface links; For logistics enterprises, standardization is an effective measure to improve internal management, reduce costs and improve service quality; For customers, enjoying standardized logistics services is the embodiment of customer rights and interests. Therefore, the government and logistics industry managers should guide the standardization and standardization of logistics industry services as soon as possible.
3. Horizontal integration of third-party logistics, from competition to cooperation. Although the domestic third-party logistics industry in China is rich in resources, there is still a lack of effective integration among all aspects of logistics (such as warehousing, transportation, packaging, etc.). ). The utilization rate of domestic trunk logistics resources is not high, the terminal distribution capacity is insufficient, and the logistics cost accounts for a large proportion of the total cost. Therefore, we should consider the horizontal integration of logistics and establish a new logistics system that runs through the whole process of logistics enterprises. The horizontal integration of third-party logistics makes logistics enterprises move from competition to cooperation, which needs to provide a comprehensive management model for the domestic third-party logistics industry. Combine the booming e-commerce with modern logistics industry, and establish a national logistics information platform based on e-commerce through the information transformation of logistics enterprises to provide a platform for integrating logistics resources. Realizing competition and moving towards cooperation is only the best way to accelerate the process of third-party logistics in China.
4. Innovative logistics enterprises adapt to the new trend of modern logistics development. The information-based third-party logistics puts forward higher requirements for traditional logistics enterprises, and the innovation of logistics enterprises is imperative. Firstly, the renewal of ideas and the correct understanding of logistics information; Secondly, pay attention to the development and application of logistics information technology and equipment, reduce logistics costs and improve logistics distribution efficiency; Thirdly, it is necessary to strengthen the informatization training for all employees of third-party logistics enterprises, focusing on cultivating logistics informatization talents; Using information technology to strengthen enterprise management and promote the process of scientific and modern logistics.
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