School bullying, English for school bullying, refers to an incident in which one party (individual or group) intentionally or maliciously bullies or insults the other party (individual or group) one or more times by means of body, language, network, etc., resulting in physical injury, property loss or mental damage to the other party (individual or group).
School bullying mostly occurs in primary and secondary schools. School bullying is divided into violence committed by a single person, violence committed by a few people and violence committed by many people. The implementation environment areas are mostly secluded places around the campus or inaccessible, and even openly bullying in public areas of the campus, causing physical and mental harm to students.
On July 5, 20 18, in order to solve the problem of school bullying in Beijing, the Ministry of Education first issued the bullying control plan for primary and secondary schools in Beijing: school bullying must report it within a limited time. On June165438+1October 12, Guangdong issued a plan to control school bullying, calling it bullying. 111October 2 1 day, the sixth session of the standing Committee of the 17th Tianjin municipal people's congress voted to adopt the provisions of Tianjin municipality on the prevention and control of school bullying, which shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.
Extended data
School bullying exists in almost any period, including primary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools and universities, among which primary schools and junior high schools are the most serious. It can be said that the school bullying incident exists more or less in any period of students. School bullying not only brings disadvantages to school management, but also causes serious physical and mental harm to the bullied, and more importantly, it will ruin a person's life. I once saw a news about you. Because of a prank, a child became suspicious, afraid to go to school again, and finally died of depression.
School bullying's influence is lifelong, and it can even affect a person's mood, hurt a child's mind, and affect a child's future and even his life. School bullying is not only a trivial matter, but also a major event related to the future of our motherland. Although the school rules and regulations have restricted the school bullying incident, they still can't stop it.
Sogou Encyclopedia-school bullying
What is school bullying?
School bullying refers to an event in which one party (individual or group) intentionally or maliciously bullies or insults the other party (individual or group) once or more through physical means, language, internet and other means, resulting in physical injury, property loss or mental damage to the other party.
School bullying mostly occurs in primary and secondary schools. School bullying is divided into violence committed by a single person, violence committed by a few people and violence committed by many people.
The implementation environment areas are mostly around the campus or secluded places that are inaccessible. 2065438+July 5, 2008 Beijing In order to solve the school bullying problem, the Ministry of Education first issued a bullying control plan for primary and secondary schools in Beijing: school bullying must report it within a limited time.
Impact on victims: Bullying classmates will cause psychological problems to classmates, affect health and even affect personality development. Physical and mental effects: fear, depression, trauma sequelae, anxiety, stomachache, drug abuse, alcoholism, self-mutilation, suicide, becoming a bully, which may be one of the reasons for the school shooting.
Other influences: frequent absence and disrespect for teachers. Extended data:
Bullying behavior: 1. Give the victim an insulting nickname; It is useless to accuse the victim, insult his personality, etc.
2. Repeated personal attacks on the victims. Punching, kicking, slapping, stumbling, pulling hair; Attack the victim with controlled knives, sticks, etc.
3. Interfere with the victim's personal property, textbooks, clothes, etc. , damage them, or laugh at the victims through them. Bullies are obviously stronger than victims, and bullying occurs when victims fail to protect themselves.
4. Spread negative rumors and gossip about the victims. 5. Intimidate or force the victim to do something he or she doesn't want to do, and threaten the victim to obey orders.
6. Let the victim get into trouble, or let the victim incur punishment. 7. Defame, ridicule or belittle the victim's appearance, sexual orientation, religion, race, income level, nationality, family or others.
Faction: isolate, resist or crowd out the victims. 9. Blackmail: Blackmail money or goods.
10. Draw insulting pictures and write insulting words. 1 1. Cyberbullying means posting comments with personal attacks on blogs or forums.
References:
Campus bullying Baidu Encyclopedia.
What is school violence?
Campus violence refers to the physical and mental attacks on students by teachers, classmates and off-campus personnel, to a certain extent. A one-year survey jointly conducted by the Beijing Municipal Committee for the Protection of Minors, the Beijing Communist Youth League Committee and the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that people outside the school commit the most violence, accounting for 76.8%, followed by senior students in our school, and finally teachers and administrators in our school.
According to different behaviors, campus violence can be simply divided into the following eight categories: 1. Senior students in our school or other schools beat junior students; 2. Young people outside the school beat students at school; 3. Some parents go to school to beat other students because of disputes between students; 4. The teacher corporal punishment or corporal punishment of students in disguised form; 5. Teachers insult students' personal dignity, such as asking students to do some actions that are detrimental to personal dignity in public, insulting students; 6. Senior students and social youths inside and outside the school robbed and extorted students, which not only caused students to lose money, but also suffered great psychological harm; 7. Sexual abuse of female students by teachers and school administrators; 8. Fighting between classmates in the same grade or even between classmates.
What is school violence? What is included?
In China, the prevalence of school violence is by no means accidental. We should not only blame the failure of educators, but also attack the defects of the cultural and educational system (for example, the harm of Hong Kong action movies to teenagers, the exemplary role of teachers in corporal punishment of students, and so on). ), but we don't care about the social system behind it.
Social psychological violence supports the operation of campus violence, and the persistence of campus violence in turn intensifies the cycle of social psychological violence. Therefore, instead of thinking that rampant campus violence is the failure of education, it is better to think that it is the corruption and out of control of the whole social body.
When the disease is traced back to the society and attributed to the system, its repeated prohibition becomes easy to understand. Because the system disease is almost incurable, unless the culprit is the first evil, it is a headache, and no matter how hard the reform is, it will still cure the symptoms.
But how to cure the disease of the system? In fact, we are the system, and the change of the system does not start from "we", but from "I". In front of our children, in front of middle school students, when each of us insists on non-violence, when each of us encounters violence, we are unwilling to be indifferent spectators, and when teachers around us resolutely refuse to cooperate with corporal punishment, perhaps campus violence will lose its source.
References:
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School bullying, what's the reason?
In recent years, school violence has been repeatedly banned. What caused it? 1. Narrow, selfish and cold in character. A considerable number of parents are becoming more and more confused about their children's reading.
The older children get, the more knowledge they receive, and the deeper the gap between them and their parents. In fact, the focus of this gap is the conflict between two different value orientations.
Whether parents or children are based on their own values, they try to regulate each other's behavior with their own values, which will inevitably lead to contradictions. The crux of the problem is that there are always a few parents whose values are irrational or even contradictory.
On the one hand, parents always want their children to excel academically and morally; On the other hand, out of an original ecological nature, parents in this predicament are always worried that their children will be frustrated or wronged. Most of them have learned to compensate by material or other means to achieve inner balance. However, this kind of compensation has evolved into an indulgence in most cases-an indulgence outside the study of cultural classes.
Because of connivance, many weaknesses in children's personality are ignored, and many behaviors that violate the code of conduct are recognized or even condoned. The accumulation of these small mistakes has gradually developed children's intolerant, selfish and cold personality, which makes children unable to restrain their behavior through rationality and norms when dealing with problems, but reckless and reckless.
Because growing up, in the minds of a considerable number of children, there is no traditional virtue of caring for others and being kind to others. Their dictionary of life is full of competition, cruelty and unscrupulous means for their ends.
It is this extreme egocentric thought that develops children's self-centered abnormal mentality and forms a narrow character that only considers their own interests and ignores the existence of others. Under the control of this mentality, once his own interests are violated by the outside world, he will immediately take some extreme actions to fight back, including many cruel "Jianghu vendetta" behaviors that vent his anger by hurting the other person's body or life.
Second, the illusion of value orientation favored by thousands of people. With the emergence of the one-child phenomenon, the family structure of "4+2+ 1" makes the children of 1 surrounded by the deep care of six adults. The intersection of these six kinds of care is woven into a thick and gentle net, which cares for everything from childhood to adulthood and covers up the setbacks and frustrations that children may suffer.
But it is this kind of love network that artificially separates the organic integration of individual children and the whole society, so that children's activities are limited in this narrow wind and rain range in most cases. In this small family kingdom, children are the king of course and the supreme authority that can control all family activities.
Children's demands, whether right or wrong, will always be met in most cases. As a result, all efforts began to be distorted and turned into natural expenditures.
The pastoral of the child's mind has lost the idea of gratitude, and only the weeds that belong to me spread unchecked. When a child's mind is full of self-centered ideology, his value orientation will slide into the quagmire of fantasy.
This illusion has formed his fragile psychology, and he can't bear any contempt and ridicule, let alone physical and mental harm. Once such injuries become a fact, they are always unable to cope, avoid giving in, and eventually become the injured who submit to humiliation; Or become angry from embarrassment, attack angrily, and choose the "Jianghu" method that they think can best solve the problem.
What's more, children who grow up in extreme love often consciously or unconsciously form the illusion that others must obey me. They brought this illusion to the campus. In the process of interacting with classmates, they always hope that they are always in the upper hand, and hope that everyone can obey themselves and be the "boss".
But there are too many children with this mentality, but there can only be one "boss", and contradictions naturally arise. Everyone should be the "boss", and schools can't rank like this. Parents can't do anything about it. How to solve it? Only by learning from novels and TV can we solve the problem through "decisive battle"
After the formation of such a "boss", I can really feel a sense of satisfaction. In order not to be bullied, other weak people always try to curry favor with them actively or forcibly. This in turn encourages their morbid psychological needs.
Third, the indulgence after the loss of educational punishment function When educational democracy is pushed to an unrealistic height, education has become an industry where anyone can give orders. The sacred coat of education is portrayed by the media as a sharp-tongued black coat.
Teachers who engage in the greatest career in the sun are often frozen into a kind of "beast". Therefore, most schools dare not punish a student easily, even if the student has committed various crimes.
Decision-making bodies in some provinces will unify the following provisions and completely abolish the highest punishment that has been used for many years in primary and secondary schools-expulsion. However, education is never everything.
After losing the necessary disciplinary function, there is no good phenomenon known to all on campus. On the contrary, because there is no "sword of Damocles" hanging over the head, some evil deeds that have been restrained before dare to be publicly displayed. These campus viruses infect each other, which makes the original healthy campus culture begin to appear pieces of rotten muscles.
The loss of discipline promotes the free germination of abnormal psychology and makes ugliness and indecency fearless; On the other hand, the ugliness in these personalities became more and more powerful in the retreat of punishment, and gradually spontaneously condensed into groups, forming a small group with obvious Jianghu colors. These small groups often fight over trivial matters, even gang fights, which seriously interfere with the normal teaching of schools and directly endanger social order.
But even so, what schools can do is persuasion education. Compared with the bloody slashing, this persuasion education is so pale and powerless.
Fourth, the misjudgment of the attribution of the problem after the teacher's authoritative position is subverted is synchronized with the loss of the educational disciplinary function, which is the dignity of "teaching". Teaching in the eyes and hearts of middle school students, especially high school students.
What is school violence?
Expert interview
"In fact, there is no clear definition and unified statement about what is campus violence." A judge of Quanzhou Intermediate People's Court introduced. In his view, generally speaking, the violence suffered by students inside or outside the school can be called campus violence, such as students' aggression against students, educators' aggression against students and other social personnel's aggression against students. "But violence to what extent. It's not easy to master, and some, such as mental injury, can't be played for a while. "
Dr. Tan Xiaoyu of Shanghai Education Law Research and Consulting Center believes that campus violence can be divided into broad and narrow categories. Broadly speaking, campus violence occurs on campus, and teachers, classmates or off-campus personnel infringe on the victim's body and spirit to a certain extent. In a narrow sense, campus violence refers to the physical and mental violations committed by students or off-campus personnel on campus or mainly on campus, causing certain harm.
Chen Pengteng, a judge of Quanzhou Intermediate People's Court, believes that the so-called campus violence refers to the violent attacks carried out by the perpetrators on the campus background.
At present, campus violence can be roughly divided into three situations: one is violence against students by illegal forces outside the school, the other is violence between students, and the third is violence between teachers and students.
Up to now, the contents of relevant laws and regulations in the scope document are limited with regard to the responsibility of schools in campus injuries.
Article 7 of the Supreme People's Court's Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Personal Injury Compensation Cases stipulates: "If a school, kindergarten or other educational institution that has the obligation to educate, manage and protect minors according to law fails to perform relevant obligations within the scope of its duties and causes personal injury to minors, or if a minor causes personal injury to others, it shall bear the liability for compensation corresponding to its fault. If schools, kindergartens and other educational institutions are at fault, they shall bear corresponding supplementary liability for compensation. "
In the campus injury incident, the school failed to fulfill its relevant obligations within the scope of its duties, mainly in the following aspects:
1. During the period of organizing and managing students, school teachers or other staff members found that students' behaviors were dangerous, but failed to manage, warn or stop them;
2. For information directly related to students' personal safety, the school found or knew it, but failed to inform the student's guardian in time, resulting in students being hurt from the guardian's protection;
3. The school has other circumstances that violate the relevant responsibilities in the Measures for Handling Student Injury Accidents.
If the above situation occurs in the school, it can be considered that the school is intentional, negligent or overconfident subjectively, which belongs to the school's liability accident, and the school should bear the liability for compensation commensurate with its fault. For example, if a student is injured during school, the school fails to take timely measures to send the student to the hospital and notify the legal guardian of the student, which belongs to the school's failure to fulfill its protection obligation; If teachers find that students bring dangerous goods such as daggers into school and other misconduct, they fail to fulfill their management obligations. Under the above circumstances, the school should bear the corresponding liability for compensation.
What does campus violence include? Cause of occurrence
There are three main types of campus violence: language violence: refers to students who often attack other students with foul language, thus creating contradictions; Physical violence: refers to attacking weaker classmates with the help of physical superiority; Psychological violence: refers to the constant use of language, behavior, etc. Causing mental or psychological pressure on other students and making them misbehave.
In case of campus violence, students should pay attention to the following points: First, improve their awareness of self-protection. If something happens, don't submit to humiliation and tell your parents or teachers in time; Try not to carry too much money with you; In case of violence, take flexible emergency measures immediately, and don't * * each other to reduce the degree of infringement, and report the case immediately afterwards.
Second, improve social skills. Be careful when making friends, avoid contact with people with bad conduct, don't make friends online, don't make friends online or meet netizens privately. Don't go out to work alone, but walk with your classmates to avoid accidents.
Third, develop the habit of caution. Don't say anything that hurts others in school daily life; Try to avoid suspicious people in public places; Dress up properly and don't be too exposed; Don't be greedy for petty advantages, don't send cash and goods to strangers; When there is a contradiction or conflict with others, try to deal with it with gentle language and means, and so on.