China Remote Sensing Satellite Ground Station was completed and put into operation in February 1986, and the name of the station was inscribed by Comrade Deng Xiaoping. The ground station is the first important infrastructure for receiving and processing civil multi-source satellite data in China. Its establishment fills the gap in the field of satellite remote sensing technology in China and opens a new era of remote sensing technology and remote sensing application in China.
After more than 20 years' efforts, great changes have taken place in the infrastructure, operation and maintenance and user service capabilities of the ground station. As a member of the international resource satellite ground station network, the ground station is one of the ground stations with the largest number of receiving and processing satellites in the world, and its data receiving and distribution volume ranks among the top four in the world, reaching the international advanced level. The existing remote sensing satellite data processing system in the ground station can receive, process and produce data from more than ten satellites with high efficiency and high quality, which has played a pioneer and demonstration role in the field of remote sensing satellite ground system in China. The ground station stores more than 1.7 million scenes of Earth observation satellite data, which is the largest archive of Earth observation satellite data in China and has accumulated and preserved extremely precious historical spatial data for the country.
For more than 20 years, the ground station has participated in land monitoring and land investigation, marine oil pollution monitoring, geological exploration and remote sensing application, national basic surveying and mapping, forest fire monitoring and evaluation, flood disaster monitoring and evaluation, national environmental protection monitoring and fishery monitoring. To provide strong technical support for the investigation, evaluation, planning, rational utilization and national economic construction of land resources. It has promoted the development of remote sensing in China and made irreplaceable contributions to the commercialization and industrialization of remote sensing.
In 2007, the ground station actively participated in the establishment of the center and completed various operation and scientific research tasks as planned. In the whole year, * * * received satellite data on track 5 143, and the receiving success rate was about 99. 1%. The data processing system has completed 1 1448 user data products, with a year-on-year increase of 27.9%. More than 290,000 scenes of archived data have been added. All archived data are provided with 24-hour online search and query service through the Internet. On average, 5.6 tracks are used every day to complete the transmission of quick-view data or archive data through the network, and about 900 scenes of data products are distributed to users through the network throughout the year.
In the aspect of improving the system operation and service ability, according to the characteristics of new satellite data sources such as ALOS and TERRA-SAR, deep processing products are developed to solve the problem of data ghosting, automatic stitching technology and orthorectification technology. The high-resolution image automatic enhancement technology and fast browsing system are developed. The universal data recording system developed by the ground station with independent intellectual property rights has successfully solved the problem of recording data of many remote sensing satellites at home and abroad at the Kashgar receiving station, and achieved compatibility with the original operating system and processing flow.
In the construction of three-station network, Kashgar receiving station has completed all supporting construction projects, including computer room, two antenna bases, power supply room and scientific research auxiliary room. In September 2007, the first antenna receiving system and its supporting recording system were put into trial operation, and satellite data such as SPOT-2/4, LANDSAT-5 and RADARSAT- 1 were successfully received, and the HJ series was successfully completed. On June 28th, 2008, 65438+1October 28th, Kashgar Station was officially listed, marking the full coverage of satellite remote sensing data in western China. In addition, the expansion of Miyun receiving station and the infrastructure construction of Sanya receiving station are proceeding as planned.
Development course of aviation remote sensing center
Aviation Remote Sensing Center of China Academy of Sciences was established in May, 1985. 1June, 1986, two American Cessna "Zheng S/II" high-altitude remote sensing aircraft with advanced performance were introduced and put into operation. Comrade Hu Yaobang autographed the Aviation Remote Sensing Center. Remote sensing aircraft is an important scientific device for our institute to independently develop remote sensing equipment and acquire and process aerial remote sensing information. Its introduction has greatly improved the technical index and operational capability of China's remote sensing aircraft platform, and promoted the development of aviation remote sensing technology, remote sensing instrument development and remote sensing application in China. Remote sensing aircraft is equipped with accurate GPS navigation and POS system, and has all-weather flight operation capability. The remote sensing aircraft platform realizes the serialization and modularization of remote sensing equipment selection, can be loaded with remote sensing sensors such as aerial cameras, imaging spectrum scanners and imaging radars, and has the function of hanging warehouses to collect atmospheric samples and acid rain samples.
Over the past 20 years, the Aviation Remote Sensing Center has undertaken nearly 100 aviation remote sensing application projects and cooperated extensively with various departments. The application field has been continuously expanded, with more than 6,000 safe flights and a flying area of more than 2 million square kilometers. The flight operation covers 28 provinces and cities in China, and plays an important role in meeting major national needs, comprehensive application experiments, monitoring of major natural disasters, technological progress of remote sensing equipment and military applications. He has successively won the special prize of scientific and technological progress of China Academy of Sciences and the second prize of national scientific and technological progress. He flew into the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau seven times. Under very difficult conditions, aerial remote sensing flights have been completed in areas such as Mount Qomolangma, Tanggula Mountain, Yarlung Zangbo River, Lhasa River, Nianchu River Basin and Lhasa City, providing a lot of valuable scientific data for the Academy of Sciences to carry out research on the resources, environment and global change of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Remote sensing aircraft have carried out environmental remote sensing monitoring flights in the Beijing Olympic Games area for eight consecutive years, and accumulated a wealth of high-resolution aerial remote sensing environmental change monitoring series data in this area. Monitor, analyze and study the environment, architecture, greening and traffic in the Olympic planning area and its surrounding areas, and report the research results to the Olympic Organizing Committee regularly in the form of maps, annual reports and quarterly reports, so as to provide scientific basis for the planning and construction of Olympic venues and environmental protection and planning in this area.
In 2007, during the establishment of the Center, the Aviation Remote Sensing Center completed 10 aviation remote sensing projects as planned, which ensured the safe operation of two remote sensing aircraft for 675 hours. The flight tests of several sets of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems independently developed by the Institute of Electronics have been completed, and the independent innovation ability of SAR technology has been improved. The national basic surveying and mapping project undertaken by us has finally completed the demonstration application project of aerial photography without control points in Hainan (20,506 square kilometers) and Chaoyang (4 1.298 square kilometers) in Liaoning, and obtained high-resolution aerial images of all regions by using airborne GPS and attitude measurement system (POS).
Development course of digital earth field
Digital Earth is a high integration of spatial information technology, computer network communication technology, artificial intelligence technology and earth science, which opens up a new way for human beings to understand the Earth.
Our government, scientific and technological circles and business circles all attach great importance to the development of digital earth. 1999, China Academy of Sciences, together with 19 departments and international organizations, initiated and held the first International Digital Earth Conference. The meeting adopted the Beijing Declaration on Digital Earth and the resolution to hold the meeting every two years. Then, the second, third, fourth and fifth international digital earth conferences were held in Canada, Czech Republic, Japan and the United States. In 2006, the "Digital Earth Summit" was held in New Zealand and will be held in Germany again in 2008. In 2006, the International Digital Earth Society (ISDE), headquartered in Beijing, was established, and experts from 16 countries and 4 international organizations became members of the first executive committee. The publication International Digital Earth Magazine (IJDE) founded by the Institute was released worldwide in March 2008.
Since its establishment in 2000, Digital Earth Laboratory has been a scientific research institution engaged in digital earth research in our institute, and has actually supported the above activities. At the same time, it undertook the construction projects of "Basic Theory Research of Digital Earth" and "Digital Earth Prototype System". Based on the scientific description of the theoretical framework of digital earth, the system has technical functions such as data receiving, complex calculation, virtual reality, network service, data mining, etc. It shows its application ability at different spatial levels in the world, countries and regions, and serves the development of digital earth and its applications at home and abroad. The system played an important role in the information command simulation system of the 16th and 17th National Congress, and was well received by the central leadership, the central office and the Ministry of Public Security. National Cultural Heritage Administration, national tourism departments and marine research institutions all put forward the idea of cooperation in digital archaeology, digital tourism and digital ocean. Beijing, Zhongguancun Management Committee, Shanghai Pudong New Area Government and Shenzhen also put forward the cooperation requirements of digital cities and districts. The international expert group commented that the digital earth prototype system represents its leading position in the global digital earth field. It has made a milestone contribution to the field of international science and engineering, especially in the field of spatial information technology and application. "