First of all, according to the principle
It can be divided into three categories: the first category is: AVESTIN in Canada, APV (I think it is Denmark), and Niro Soavi in Italy. The homogenization effect is mainly improved by adjusting the slit size, which seems to reach 1000bar (I can't remember), and the slit size is 25 microns ... so the pressurization is limited, too high, the slit is too small and easy to block. Take APV2000 as an example. Theoretically, it is 2000bar, and the actual use should not exceed1500 bar. The highest Niro laboratory model is 1500bar, and the actual use should also be discounted. And cannot empty the liquid. The second type is: American Microfluidizer, Genizer is divided into two impacts by a liquid with a fixed pore size (such as 75 microns), and its use pressure can reach 2000bar, which can empty the liquid. The third category is BEE international, which is between the first category and the second category. Why is it between the two categories? BEE adopts fixed aperture (such as 80 micron single hole or 50 micron double hole selected by the laboratory), and its liquid flow direction is not double collision, but single collision, which is similar to the first type. Its power system adopts the second kind of micro-spray, which can reach 2000bar. It is said that BEE is also to avoid the patent of microfluidizer.
Second, according to the supercharging principle
Ultra-high pressure homogenizer needs super-high thrust to push piston cylinder to obtain high pressure, and rotating motor needs to slow down, increase torque and convert linear motion to obtain linear reciprocating motion with large thrust. Supercharging can be divided into mechanical conversion type and hydraulic drive type, that is, hydraulic drive type.
Internal structure diagram of mechanical conversion: APV Avistin, Italy
Mechanical: the motor drives the crankshaft to make the plunger reciprocate and directly pressurize the material. Multiple groups of plungers provide continuous pressure, which has high homogenization pressure and large output, but the minimum material consumption is large. At the same time, the crankshaft driven by motor needs multi-stage reduction mechanism, which makes the equipment more efficient and bulky. Suitable for food, chemical industry and under the condition of low pressure.
Hydraulic drive structure diagram: BEE international, microfluidizer
Hydraulic type: Hydraulic type is the result of the development of ultra-high pressure technology in recent years. The motor drives the oil pump and pressurizes the material through the hydraulic system. The hydraulic system can provide higher pressure, higher equipment efficiency, relatively smaller volume and less minimum material quantity. It can be used in testing and production. Hydraulic type is expensive, but it can get low-speed and high-thrust piston movement through hydraulic pressurization, thus increasing the life of the machine and reducing the maintenance cost.
The early high-pressure homogenizer was mainly mechanical conversion type, but the disadvantages of mechanical conversion type were limited service life and frequent maintenance of wearing parts. Hydraulic manufacturing cost is high, but the service life is long and the maintenance cost of wearing parts is low.
The doctor's machine is very similar to Avestin's, obviously made in China, and the ATS machine like APV is also the result of domestic imitation.
The principle of supercharging explains why the performance of APV, Niro and Avestinn is slightly worse than that of hydraulic transmission, and the price of hydraulic transmission is more expensive.
The third category is the manual type:
Manual agitator, ultra-light and ultra-high pressure homogenizer
The material is pressurized by a manual lever mechanism. Because of manual pressurization, the productivity is low, but it has the advantages of quick disassembly and portability, and the required materials are minimal, which is very suitable for small-scale experiments and can fully meet the research and development needs of laboratories. Manual ultra-high pressure homogenizer, also known as ultra-light ultra-high pressure homogenizer, was developed by genizer Company of America.