Facing the new situation of "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", Zhaotong gives full play to its location advantages and energy heat transfer advantages, and builds our city into a new coal industrial base in Yu

Facing the new situation of "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", Zhaotong gives full play to its location advantages and energy heat transfer advantages, and builds our city into a new coal industrial base in Yunnan Province and a fire in northeast Yunnan. (1) Coal, oil and natural gas are collectively called fossil fuels and belong to non-renewable resources; Therefore: fossils; Not renewable.

(2) Desulfurization and denitrification by burning coal can reduce the formation of acid rain; Therefore, acid rain is reduced.

(3) The main component of gas is methane, which is burned to produce carbon dioxide and water. Ventilation without fireworks can prevent gas explosion; Therefore: CH4；; CH4 +2O2？ Light it? . ? CO2+2H2O； Ventilation is not fireworks.

(4) Using methanol gasoline can reduce environmental pollution.

(5)① Oxygen is the most abundant nonmetallic element in the earth's crust, with the symbol O;

(2) According to the schematic diagram of atomic structure, the number of protons and the number of electrons outside the nucleus of the particle are 17 and 18, respectively, resulting in 1 electrons, so it is chloride ion;

(3) It is inferred that the names of elements 6, 8 and 20 are carbon element, oxygen element and calcium element respectively, and then the compound formed is calcium carbonate, and the chemical formula is CaCO3.

④ A lot of information can be obtained from the periodic table of elements, such as elemental silicon, whose nuclear charge number is 14, its proton number is 14, and its extranuclear electron number is 14.

So, the answer is: ① o;

② Chloride ion;

③ calcium carbonate;

④ The number of protons in silicon atom is 14, or there are 14 electrons outside the silicon core.

(6)① According to the graphic molecular analysis, the reactants are hydrogen chloride and ammonia, and the product is ammonium chloride. The equation is: NH3+HCl = NH4Cl；;

From the figure of microscopic particles, it can be concluded that in chemical changes, molecules can be separated and atoms cannot be separated (which is reasonable according to the law of conservation of mass);

② It was observed that the plastic bottle shriveled because the gas generated solids before the reaction, and the pressure in the bottle was low.

So the answer is: ① NH3+HCl ═ NH4Cl; In chemical changes, molecules can be separated, but atoms cannot be separated;

② Because the reactant is gas and the product is solid, the volume of gas in the bottle decreases and the pressure decreases.