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fundamental principle
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The realization of intelligent fire protection depends on three modern high-tech technologies: GPS, GSM and GIS.
GPS, the global positioning system, is mainly used for military purposes, and can provide users with a three-dimensional position, speed and time information service system at any time and any place. Its full name is GOLOBAL Positioning System, or GPS for short. In recent years, GPS technology has been widely used in many fields of national economy, such as military affairs, scientific research, transportation, surveying and mapping, communication, architecture, oil exploration and so on, and even penetrated into people's daily life, such as intelligent management of residential quarters, medical rescue and so on.
GSM, namely wireless mobile communication system, is also called public network wireless communication technology or cellular network wireless communication technology. It is the largest and most reliable wireless mobile communication system in China. China has built the largest GSM network in the world, covering more than 300 regions and more than 2,000 counties and cities, and can automatically roam with more than 30 countries and regions. Combining GPS and GIS technology, it can be applied to vehicle safety alarm, monitoring and management, and also can be applied to intelligent fire fighting system.
Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer system that collects, stores, manages, analyzes, describes and applies data related to the spatial and geographical distribution of the whole or part of the earth's surface. Based on geospatial database, it provides all kinds of spatial and dynamic geographic information in time by using geographic model analysis method, and integrates computer graphics and database. It is a high-tech for storing and processing spatial information. It organically combines geographical location and related attributes, accurately and truly outputs it to users according to actual needs, and makes various auxiliary decisions with its unique spatial analysis function and visual expression.
"GPS intelligent fire-fighting system" is an intelligent fire-fighting wireless alarm network service system integrating modern high technologies such as GPS (Global Positioning System), GIS (Geographic Information System), GSM (Wireless Mobile Communication System), computer and network. Successfully solved the problem of coordinated development of public facilities such as telecommunications, construction, power supply and transportation. Due to the networking between the fire command center and the user units, the traditional, backward and passive alarm, alarm receiving and police handling methods have been changed, and alarm automation, alarm receiving intelligence, alarm handling plan, management networking, service specialization and scientific and technological modernization have been realized, greatly reducing intermediate links, greatly improving the speed of police handling, truly achieving convenience, rapidity, safety and reliability, and ensuring the safety of people's lives and property and the safety of police personnel to the maximum extent. This system is not only suitable for fire fighting system, but also can become "urban intelligent comprehensive emergency alarm system" with a little modification. Therefore, the system has a broad market and development prospects.
strong function
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Alarm function The alarm terminal adopts the most advanced sensing technology, and wireless communication is adopted between the alarm terminal and the alarm receiver. Therefore, when there is a fire, just press the manual button, the alarm signal will be quickly transmitted to the alarm receiver, and the acousto-optic alarm device of the receiver will be started, and the signal will be transmitted to the command center (that is, the fire brigade, and the sub-center is the fire squadron) through the transponder. If no one presses the button at the fire scene, all kinds of intelligent sensors can automatically transmit the alarm signal to the alarm receiver and finally to the 1 19 command center, thus realizing the real-time monitoring and transmission of the fire by the fire command center and completing the automatic alarm.
Alarm function
The alarm center with information recording and playback function makes a fire-fighting plan for each user according to the fire regulations (including: user name, address, telephone number, contact information of the person in charge, driving route, normal personnel distribution, water source, etc.). ) and store it in the central database. When a user calls the police, the computer in the center will automatically display the fire-fighting plan information of relevant users (which can be printed at any time), so that police officers can quickly and accurately check and handle the alarm situation. It can automatically and accurately record the alarm time and place, alarm verification process, alarm processing program and alarm processing result, record the voice of the commander and the field situation, provide the driving route, play back the driving track and the whole process of alarm and fire fighting, and there will be no false alarm or omission. Because the system has made special treatment on the alarm service network technology, it can also accurately record the work of the alarm client and alarm receiving computer, the fire inspection of the staff after receiving the alarm, and the alarm processing results, so that the responsibilities are clear and recorded.
Information recording
Because of the geographic information system based on MAPINFO, the administrative street map of the whole defense area can be displayed. If there is a fire, there will be bright spots flashing in the corresponding position of the map. The area map can be displayed step by step as required until the fire alarm unit plan or fire alarm floor distribution map is displayed. Relevant information in databases such as roads, water systems, bridges, gas pipelines, tap water pipelines and power lines can be displayed separately, and information such as police force distribution, gas pipelines, tap water pipelines and power lines can also be displayed at the same time, and key parts such as fire fighting deployment maps or parts required by users can be enlarged and displayed.
Once there is a fire alarm in the command function, the exact location (latitude and longitude) of the alarm point and the best driving route to the fire alarm point will be automatically displayed on the electronic map of the alarm center immediately. At the same time, early warning information, police emergency plan and train tickets can be transmitted to relevant fire squadrons and fire engines, so as to prepare them for quick police dispatch in advance. Due to the high-quality complete set of automation design, the alarm terminal has the functions of automatically inquiring, detecting and judging false alarms and malicious alarms, as well as automatically shutting down illegal users and refusing service. When a user calls the police, the computer in the alarm center will automatically display the information about the relevant user's fire-fighting scheme, including the user's name, address, telephone number for verification, contact information with the supervisor, driving route, internal detailed drawing, normal personnel distribution, escape route location, combustible combustion-supporting materials characteristics, fire hydrants, water sources, alarm situation and deployment of fire-fighting police force, etc. These data are prepared by the alarm center for users in advance according to the fire regulations and stored in the central database. You can also manually or automatically prepare the police situation plan and print it out for the use of relevant personnel.
command function
Once a fire alarm occurs, the alarm center can call out the relevant information and materials that comprehensively and accurately reflect the fire protection system in this area at any time. For example, the personnel situation of each fire squadron, fire fighting equipment, vehicles, as well as vehicle dispatching table, driver dispatching table, fireman's duty table and other related information. The above information can be updated and expanded at any time according to the situation. The alarm center can analyze and judge according to the fire category, fire level, meteorological conditions, geographical environment, fire water source, fire fighting force, basic situation of fire alarm units and other related factors, automatically or manually prepare alarm plans, and issue dispatching orders to fire squadrons and fire engines. Once a fire breaks out, the alarm center and the fire mobile terminal (fire truck) can receive and display the information transmitted to each other in real time, and the alarm center, users and police officers can keep talking.
Fire fighting mobile terminal
Fire mobile terminal (fire truck) function Fire truck is equipped with GPS satellite positioning autonomous navigator. When receiving the alarm, the GPS satellite positioning autonomous navigator equipped on the vehicle can display the location, route and user name of the alarm, call out the fire fighting scheme data of the alarm user, and connect the GSM calling function with the monitoring center to realize the trinity of detachment, squadron and fire truck to form a network. At the same time, it can also provide the best driving route for the fire truck to reach the fire point.
App application
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ESRI has been engaged in GIS theoretical research, product development and application development for more than 30 years. After fully integrating GIS with database, software engineering, artificial intelligence, network technology and other mainstream computer technologies, ESRI successfully launched a full range of GIS platforms-ArcGIS series, which represents the highest technical level of GIS. ArcGIS technology allows rescue commanders to view important implementation data at any time. You can easily add, modify and update data with the mouse on the computer.
As a powerful auxiliary means of fire alarm acceptance and intelligent decision-making system, fire alarm positioning ArcGIS mainly completes alarm information positioning, ArcGIS positioning, information query and statistics, data analysis and display. Using ArcGIS system can accurately and quickly determine the location of the alarm and the location of the fire, and determine the best driving route through optimal selection and calculation. In addition, it can also observe the driving track of vehicles on the map in real time to judge whether the vehicles follow the specified route.
Fire location
Planning the location of the fire brigade is challenging, but it is often ignored. The usual practice is to roughly determine its position by geometric radius distance. Because ArcGIS is based on graphics, the relevant information content is more detailed and accurate, and all kinds of data can be intuitively reflected on the computer, so it can timely select sites, plan and build various key fire-fighting units, fire stations and fire water sources. By inputting various standard data into the computer, the ArcGIS system will automatically judge the rationality of the planning and calculate the spacing. In order to change the mistakes and inaccuracies of traditional human judgment. In fact, the work of the fire department is not only to protect property safety, but also to predict emergency services, daily traffic conditions and emergencies to a certain extent. Because accidents often occur in urban street networks, it is very important to test the location and effective reach of the fire brigade. The traditional way is to let the fire truck with stopwatch drive to the designated area along the street and record the time spent. This method is limited by many aspects, such as speed, distance and the sense of responsibility of competitors. ArcGIS can help effectively complete fire planning and layout, and these tools can test the effective fire station location at an average speed and within a specified time.
Location planning
Fire data analysis and statistical analysis of fire data, the previous statistics are simple and boring text descriptions, not as intuitive and eye-catching as graphics. Using GIS can intuitively reflect the distribution of regional and industrial fires on the map, so as to formulate scientific measures and countermeasures to reduce the occurrence of fire accidents. By establishing a fire information management system based on GIS, it can not only reflect the situation vividly, but also facilitate dynamic management. Through some information inquiry, analysis and evaluation, and scientific decision-making, we can scientifically predict urban emergencies, which will certainly produce very obvious social and economic benefits, provide scientific basis for government decision-making at all levels, and facilitate the safety supervision departments at all levels to strengthen supervision work in a targeted manner. It is very necessary to make a statistical analysis of the emergency action area when formulating the emergency scope standard. With ArcGIS, you can geocode each incoming call according to its location, and generate various data information based on an accurate map consistent with the incoming call. The incoming call information obtained by GIS can be used for professional statistical analysis and evaluation. ArcGIS can not only analyze according to emergency time, but also need to quickly generate rescue buffer according to workload, fire situation and other factors.
Fire data analysis
Rapid Cartography and Emergency Analysis A powerful function provided by ArcGIS is the ability to geocode each accident and display it intuitively on the map of the corresponding jurisdiction. The fire department can make various decisions according to geocoding data, such as determining the purchase and placement of fire-fighting facilities, rational distribution of fire-fighting forces, and formulating measures to optimize emergency services. Through the accident analysis function of ArcGIS, decisions such as fire prevention requirements and fire mitigation can be made. The accident data can be simulated and tested in advance by ArcGIS, and can also be implemented in a unified and coordinated manner. ArcGIS provides fast query and analysis functions based on massive data. ArcGIS can solve the problem quickly by avoiding a lot of time needed to make paper drawings.
Special situation analysis
ArcGIS can solve the problem quickly by avoiding a lot of time needed to make paper drawings.