According to legend, during the period of Wei Mingdi (477-500 AD), Indian Dharma came to China to preach and spent nine years in Shaolin Temple in Songshan, Henan. Later, when monks in Shaolin Temple were repairing the face wall of Dharma Master, they accidentally got an iron box, which contained two scriptures, namely, pulp washing and Book of Changes. Therefore, Yijinjing said that it was made by Buddhism. In addition, Yijinjing was created by Buddhism, which is a false support.
According to the textual research of Ling Tingkan's School Collection, Zhou Zhongfu's Reading the Secretary, Kang's Practical China Martial Arts Encyclopedia, Zhou Ganfeng's Yijinjing Washing the marrow (revised edition) and China Encyclopedia Sports Volume, it is considered that Yijinjing will start for four years tomorrow (65438.
"Yi" means flexibility, change and detachment, "Jin" means bones and muscles and fascia, and "Jing" means guidance and rules. Yijinjing is an internal method to change the bones and muscles and get through the meridians of the whole body by practicing the true qi of dantian. According to the requirements of the original martial arts, you must practice internal skills for about half a year first: after you practice internal skills, you will naturally be able to break bricks and split stones without practicing any beating skills when you are lucky. If you practice the fighting skills of Yijinjing at the same time, you can achieve invincible magic. Because the whole training process needs the guidance and inheritance of the master, martial artists in the past were too conservative, and never told anyone that there were not many practitioners who had the opportunity to follow the original method. The Yijin Sutra, which was circulated in modern times, only took the guiding content, which was different from the original techniques and derived many styles. There are more than 60 versions of Yijin Jing in Shaolin Temple alone. Twelve trends of Yijinjing compiled by Pan Wei in Qing Dynasty were widely circulated.
In the preface to the pseudo-Li Jing of Yijing, the naming and meaning of the title of Yijing are explained. During the Jingdezhen period in the Northern Song Dynasty (1004- 1007), the biography of Bodhidharma in Jingdezhen tells the genealogy of Zen, including the reply between Bodhidharma and his disciples. Dharma's reply to his disciples was evaluated as "getting my skin", "getting my flesh" and "getting my bones", and it was only directed at Hui Ke. The so-called skin, flesh, bone and marrow are all "metaphors", not real, but metaphors of his understanding of Zen. This pseudo-Li Jingxiu originated from Dharma's view that the second ancestor Hui Ke "got my marrow" and emphasized that it was not "sloppy". As for "Yi Jin", this order emphasizes the importance of "Jin" in "connecting the preceding with the following, promoting blood circulation and qi circulation". In the general introduction of Yijinjing, it is explained that "Yi" means "change" and "Jin" refers to the meridians of the human body. It is believed that the human body has an inside and an outside, and "washing marrow" can "clear the inside" and "relaxing muscles" means "strengthening the outside". After "washing marrow" and "relaxing tendons", you can show Buddhism and Taoism and enjoy a long life.
For example, some scholars have pointed out that there are already sayings of "easy marrow" and "easy tendon" in the Taoist book "Seven Signs of Yunfu". The origin of Yan Gai Zhen Lue in Song Dynasty can be traced back to the Taoist novel The Legend of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, which appeared earlier in Wei and Jin Dynasties. The Biography of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once recorded that "qi changes in one year, blood changes in two years, essence changes in three years, pulse changes in four years, marrow changes in five years, bone changes in six years, tendon changes in seven years, hair changes in eight years and deformation in nine years", which expressed an ideal of Taoist cultivation of qi and seeking immortality. Therefore, Yijinjing originally belongs to Taoist thought. In Yijinjing, there is a method of "yin and yang coordination", that is, massage with young women, and even something similar to Taoist sexual intercourse. Figure 12 Yijinjing is the earliest printed book of Zhang Lai's family in the middle of Qing Dynasty.
The Yijinjing compiled by Zhang Laijia is divided into two volumes, followed by the Washing the Pit Sutra. The exact time of publication is unknown. In the early days of liberation, Tang Hao wrote "Group Exercises of Shaolin Learning in Songshan Mountain", which is considered to have been published during Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty.
On the right side of its homepage are the words "Song Shaobao, Yue Pingdian", and on the right side of the "General Introduction" are the words "Xi Mo's grandfather translated Bai Yi Haidai tourists' revision", with the preface of Li and Niu. The common word "Zhang Laiji" in Benya Tibetan Edition of Qing Dynasty can be found in the appendix of Yijing.
Yijinjing is a compilation of Zhang Lai's books. It is a widely published and printed Yijinjing, and some of them are based on it. For example, Pan Ting, a native of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, published Hygiene Shu Yao in the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), and Wang Zuyuan of A Qing published it in the seventh year of Guangxu (188655). In 2 1 (1895) of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, Chongqing Renzhou compiled a picture of strengthening tendons and washing marrow, and in 19 17, Shanghai Loud Book Company published the essence of Shaolin Boxing and other books, the Twelve Tendencies of Yijin Classic should be from this book.
The content of Yijinjing includes two main contents: the ideal effect that can be achieved by practice and the specific practice methods. The sentence "Being brave inside and being strong outside" has the greatest influence on martial arts novels. After practicing this skill, he mentioned in "Inner Strength and Courage" that "divine power is born of bones, and its arms, wrists, fingers and palms are unusual and hard as stone, and the fingers can enter the belly of an ox, and the palms can break the head of an ox". These are just the last small uses; After the practice of "external power", it is not surprising that "holding the gate and lifting the tripod vigorously". The Yijinjing mentioned in the martial arts novels during Daoguang period was only after practice that this magical function was rendered.
Yijinjing includes internal and external exercise methods, each of which has the potential of 12. Yijinjing adopts a standing posture, and gradually strengthens the functions of meridians and viscera through breathing induction in a certain posture. Most of them are static. Breathe comfortably and naturally, and don't exhale.
Yijinjing has 12 postures and practice methods, which have been handed down from generation to generation, namely, Wei Tuoxian pestle (there are three postures), star-picking and bucket-changing, three sets of landing, claw-flashing, back-pulling nine oxtails, nine ghosts drawing a sword, dragon claw detective, crouching tiger pouncing on food and bending the tail.
The external classics of Yijinjing pay attention to external skills. "Illustration of Yijinjing External Classics" points out: "Anyone who practices external skills must stand in a quiet place facing the East, think calmly and concentrate, and don't have to force his whole body, just make it run through his hands. If force is used, both hands cannot penetrate. " Type one word per line, say 49 words silently, and then type with the next one without interruption. Be the first, consciously understand the laws of the mind, and be the second. People who are half a month late and one month late are familiar with all kinds of things, and power can penetrate the top of their heads. This essence is essential, and it is easy to exercise the method of tendon and pulse. "
"Yijinjing" counts twelve potentials, and its preparation formula is: legs open, head flat, mouth slightly closed, breathing adjustment. Hold out your chest, straighten your waist, tuck in your abdomen, relax your shoulders and relax naturally.
The first potential: Wei Tuo provided the first potential.
Bend your arms and elbows, slowly lift to your chest to hold the ball, bend your wrists, stand with your palms facing each other (about 10 cm distance). This action requires the shoulders, elbows and wrists to be on the same plane, and breathe together for 8-20 times as appropriate.
The formula says: when standing upright, put your hands together, be calm, sincere and respectful.
The second potential: the cross arm falls into the magic pestle
Feet apart, shoulder width apart, feet firm, knees slightly loose; Hands slowly spread out from the chest to both sides; Stand upright, palms outward; When inhaling, the chest expands and the arms stand back; When exhaling, the fingertips are tilted inward and the palms are supported outward. Repeat 8-20 times.
Tactically speaking: feet hanging on the ground, hands flat, calm and dumbfounded.
The third potential: palm supporting Tianmen
Open your feet, touch the ground with your toes, and lift your heels; Hands above your head, palms up, two middle fingers 3 cm apart; Bend your shoulders and elbows, and look up at your palms and back. Breathe evenly on tongue, maxilla and nasal cavity. When inhaling, try to push up with your hands and push down with your legs; When exhaling, relax your whole body and turn your palms forward and down. When closing the momentum, the palms change into fists, the fists are back forward, and the upper limbs slowly close two fists to the waist, the fists are up, and the feet are on the ground. Repeat 8-20 times.
The trick is to hold Tianmen in the palm of your hand, look up, touch the ground on your toes and stand up. My legs are as muddy as plants, and my teeth are not loose. My tongue can produce saliva and lick my palate, and my nose can adjust my breathing and peace of mind. The two fists are slowly retracted, and the force will be re-viewed.
The fourth potential: Star for the combat potential.
The right foot moves forward slightly to the right, forming an oblique shape with the left foot, and moves slightly to the left with the trend; Bend your knees, lift your right heel, sink, and take an imaginary right step. Hold your right hand out, palm down, tilt your head slightly to the right, and look up at the heart of your right hand; The left arm is bent and naturally placed behind. When inhaling, raise your head and shoulder backwards; Relax when you exhale, and then exchange postures left and right to exercise. 5- 10 times in succession.
The formula says: cover your head with one hand and pay attention to your eyes from the palm of your hand. Inhale at the tip of the nose and adjust the breath frequently, and pull it back hard on the left and right sides.
The fifth possibility: pull the bull's tail backwards.
Take a step forward with your right foot and bend your knees into a right lunge. Make a fist with your right hand, raise it to the top of the front, and look at the fist with your eyes; Make a fist with your left hand; Bend your left arm and hang it obliquely behind your back. When inhaling, the two fists are clenched and adducted, the right fist is retracted to the right shoulder, and the left fist hangs behind the back; When exhaling, relax your fists and arms and return to the potential preparatory action. Then turn around, lunge left, and alternate left and right hands. Repeat breathing for 5- 10 times.
The trick is: the legs are stretched back and bent forward, and the abdomen is empty; The force is in both arms, so you must pay attention to your eyes when watching boxing.
The sixth potential: the claws show bright wings.
Open your feet, raise your arms horizontally in front of you, stand with your palms forward, force your fingers apart, face each other, glare ahead, raise your heels, and support your weight with your toes. Then slowly separate your palms, raise your upper limbs horizontally, stand up, palms outward, and follow the trend. When inhaling, stretch your palm with dark strength and lean your fingers backwards; When exhaling, relax your arms and palms. 8- 12 times in succession.
The trick is: stand up and glare, push your hands to the present; Take back the place by force, and the work must be completed seven times.
Seventh potential: nine ghosts draw their swords.
The toes are in the same position and the heels are separated into a figure of eight; Cross your arms forward and stand tall. Bend your left elbow downward and backward, put the hook behind you, and put your fingertips up; Stretch the right hand backwards from the elbow, and pull the fingers of the left hand to make the right hand hold the neck. Grasp the ground with your toes and lean forward like a sword. Tighten your hands when inhaling and relax when exhaling. Left and right exchange. Repeat 5- 10 times.
The tactics are: bend the humerus head-side and hold the top neck; Retract from your head, you are too strong: the left and right wheels are straight and calm.
Eighth potential: three sets of landing potentials
Take a step to the left with your left foot and squat in a standing position. The upper body is straight, hands rested on her hips, then elbows are bent and palms are upward, and the forearm is raised horizontally like a heavy object; Pause for a moment, hands down, forearms straight and relaxed, such as putting down a heavy object. This action is done by breathing. When inhaling, it seems to be holding something; When you exhale, it's like putting something. Repeat 5- 10 times. When receiving work, the feet slowly straighten out, the left foot retracts, and the feet are close together to form an upright shape.
The trick is: the upper jaw is firm, support the tongue, open your eyes and pay attention to your teeth; Squat down with your feet open like a squat, and press as hard as your hands are picked up; Turn your palms up together to increase your weight; Keep your eyes open and your mouth shut.
The ninth potential: Qinglong's claw-probing potential
Spread your feet, make fists with your hands, and protect your waist. Stretch out your right hand to the left, pinch your five fingers into a hook, and turn left on your upper body. When the waist rotates from left to right, the right hand also rotates horizontally from left to right. When rowing forward, the upper body leans forward and exhales at the same time: when rowing to the left of the body, the upper body straightens and inhales at the same time. Switch left and right, the action is opposite. 5- 10 times in succession.
Tactics say: Qinglong explores claws and goes out from left to right; Friar effect, palm gas level; Exert force around the shoulders and encircle the knees; Open your eyes and relax your mind.
The tenth potential: crouching tiger pouncing on food
Take a big step to the right with your right foot, bend your knees and squat down to form a right bow and left leg posture; Lean forward, put your hands on the ground, lift your head slightly, and look ahead and below. When inhaling, straighten your arms at the same time, raise your upper body as far as possible, and move your center of gravity forward; When exhaling, bend your elbows, hang your chest, contract your upper body, move your center of gravity back, and get ready to go. Repeatedly, the arms bend and stretch with breathing, and the upper body fluctuates, like a tiger pouncing on food. After moving 5- 10 continuously, change the left bow and right foot and move as before.
The trick is: crouch and lean with your feet, and the flexion and extension of your left and right legs are more important; Hold your head up and chest forward, and your back is still flat; The nasal sound is different, and the fingertips support the ground; It is hygienic to know the true shape of the immortal.
Eleventh potential: bow potential
Open your feet and button your toes. Slowly turn your hands back and forth, fold the back of your head hard, and tap your fingers on the back of your cerebellum for a moment. Do flexion movement with breathing; When inhaling, the body is straight, the eyes look forward, and the head is like a top; When exhaling, bend your knees straight, put your head between your knees with your hands, and don't let your heels leave the ground. Repeat 8-20 times according to physical strength.
The trick is: put your head in your hands and hang it to your knees; The head is only under the crotch, and the mouth has many teeth; Cover your ears and teach you to stop and adjust your vitality; The tip of the tongue still extends to the upper jaw, and the force is on the elbow.
Twelfth potential: falling tail potential
Open your legs, slowly lift your palms up from your chest to your head, move your palms visually, stand upright, and don't stand out; Cross your fingers, turn your wrist on the palm rest, palm up, lean back, bend your back and look up; Then the upper body leans forward, the arms droop, the palms push to the ground, and the head stares. When exhaling, the body bends down and the heel is slightly off the ground; When inhaling, the upper body stands up and the feet follow the ground; Repeat this operation for 2 1 time. Work: stand upright, lift your arms left and right, and bend and stretch for 7 times.
The trick is: straighten your knees and push your hands off the ground; Far-sighted, single-minded; Get up and stamp your feet, 2 1 time; Spread your arms left and right, with seven as your ambition; Do more sitting exercises, cross your legs and hang your eyes; Mouth in the heart, qi in the nose; When you are calm, you will stand up and keep your strength.