Financial bottom loan

In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, banks provide medium and long-term fixed assets loans to government bridge projects, and a unique "project loan model" of comprehensive credit with financial guarantee has been formed in the credit operation, that is, the government provides land or standard factory buildings, the inland areas provide cheap labor, and foreign-funded enterprises provide funds, equipment, technology and management. In this ternary model, the key lies in the initiation and promotion of local governments, and the top priority of their work is local municipal construction, providing a good hardware environment to build nests and attract phoenix. But how to build a nest? Where does the huge start-up capital come from? The government's attention first turned to the bank, which became the second cooperation opportunity between the bank and the government after the state-owned enterprise loan. As a result, a loan model with state-owned enterprises as the main borrowers came into being. Financial loans have a strong government background and are generally concentrated in local towns with large municipal construction scale, which is the main manifestation of the relationship between banks and the government.

There are four characteristics:

1. The borrowers are all state-owned enterprises. As an operating carrier, the government "bridges" loans from banks and manages a municipal project on behalf of the government. Generally, from the start-up capital to the company's development resources, it needs the support of the authorities and has a strong government will.

2. The purpose of the project loan is mostly around the municipal construction, mainly to improve the supporting infrastructure, in order to build a nest to attract phoenix and win in the fierce competition for attracting investment in cities. For example, the purpose of road construction is to relieve road traffic pressure and improve traffic intensity; Create a hardware environment for introducing foreign capital into industrial parks.

3. According to whether the use of loan projects generates income sources, it can be divided into two modes: one is that investment projects do not generate income and rely entirely on finance; The other is to build industrial parks while building roads, green belts and other supporting facilities, and lease them to other manufacturers to generate rental income and management fees.

4. Because these projects produce no or limited income, or the borrower's financial revenue and expenditure is dominated by the government, ordinary banks take the borrower's direct income as the first repayment source in project risk assessment, but at the same time they still supplement the government's budget expenditure as repayment guarantee, and let the government issue a loan commitment letter as a bank's risk prevention measure, which is called "financial bottom".