This is a great woman full of sadness. She raised three sons and a daughter by herself.
She used to be an educated family, but her childhood was miserable. After entering the arranged marriage, she was unable to go out all her life, taking care of her elderly in-laws alone and raising her underage three sons and one daughter.
This is a plain life, but because her husband is a revolutionary Mr. Chen Duxiu, her eldest son Chen Yannian and her second son Chen Qiaonian are great party member.
Only this "forgotten by history" woman has entered the public eye.
She is Gao Xiaolan.
First of all, birth: the daughter of a door
Gao Xiaolan, wife of professional revolutionary Chen Duxiu, also known as Gao Dazhong, and Chen Duxiu are both from Anqing, Anhui.
But Gao Xiaolan was born in a famous local family in Anqing, and his father was worshipped by Anhui people. He was awarded a yellow jacket by the court for military service.
It can be said that the daughter of such a big family should be favored.
But when she was 10 years old, her biological mother died of illness, and her father continued to marry Qi, and her life began to change.
The stepmother treated her badly, especially after giving birth to her daughter Gao Junman, and always treated her as a servant girl.
It was not until later that my father learned of her experience that Anqing was taken to live with him.
At the age of 20, the matchmaker began to match her up and took a fancy to Chen Duxiu, the master of the Chen family.
Chen Duxiu is a small family, and his father is just a scholar. After Chen Duxiu's brother was admitted as a scholar, 1896 and 17-year-old Chen Duxiu was also admitted as a scholar.
This kind of thing, full of red list, has become a beautiful talk in Anqing for a time, and many people want to marry their daughters to the second young master Chen.
Chen Hegao had some contacts, and Gaojia won among many competitors by virtue of his prominent family background.
The following winter, Gao Xiaolan, 2 1 year-old, married the Chen family. She is three years older than Chen Duxiu.
Gao Xiaolan is, after all, an educated woman with fine features and good looks. They were newly married, and at first they really had a wonderful day of "reading poetry books at night and laughing".
However, during the feudal period, the persecution of "a woman without talent is virtue", illiterate Ko Siu Lan, and her little feet that were not in the eyes of her active husband.
There was a rift in the relationship between the two people.
Chen Duxiu, a talented and innovative person, went to a new university in Hangzhou in the second year after her marriage. He studied English, law, astronomy and shipbuilding, not the four books and five classics.
This makes him and Gao Xiaolan's ideological distance separated by a gap, not at all.
Later, he came into contact with some Japanese friends in the Northeast and learned that Japan began a strong history after the Meiji Restoration, which made him decide to study in Japan.
Studying abroad needs money, and Chen Duxiu is still studying, so he "wants to borrow his wife's 12 Jin gold bracelet" as hot money, but Ko Siu Lan "resolutely refuses and often quarrels" on the grounds that he doesn't want her husband to stay away.
The relationship between the two is getting farther and farther.
Second, parenting: three sons and one daughter
Chen Duxiu flung his sleeves to Japan in a rage. Since then, he seldom goes home and has been wandering outside.
1903, Chen Duxiu was sent back to China because he cut the braid on Yuyao's head during his stay in Japan. He continued to crisscross and engage in revolutionary activities.
After he fell in love with Gao Junman, the marriage relationship with Ko Siu Lan completely existed in name only.
Gao Xiaolan was very sad. But as a traditional old-fashioned woman, she didn't want to leave the Chen family and still enjoyed herself.
She doesn't want to marry again, let alone leave the Chen family. She silently takes care of Chen's in-laws and raises underage children.
Gao Xiaolan raised four children for Chen Duxiu in her life. Her eldest son, Chen Yannian, and her second son, Chen Qiaonian, were born to her during the awakening period.
Chen Yannian and Chen Qiaonian went to France to work and study with Zhou Enlai in their early years.
They believed in revolutionary truth Marxism and joined the * * * Production Party on 1922. Both of them are outstanding leaders of China's * * * production party.
Chen Yannian was arrested in Shanghai on 1927. He would rather die than surrender, and was finally hacked to death by reactionaries at the age of 27.
1928, Chen Qiaonian was also arrested in Shanghai for being betrayed by a traitor. After his identity was revealed, he looked indifferent in the face of extorting a confession by torture and constantly encouraged other comrades to maintain revolutionary integrity.
In June, Chen Qiaonian, who was only 26 years old, died heroically beside the LAM Raymond Bridge.
Gao Xiaolan's eldest daughter Chen Yuying is between Chen Yannian and Chen Qiaonian. After Chen Yannian's heroic sacrifice, she took her half-brother to Shanghai to take care of his funeral. Facing his tragic situation, she was both sad and angry.
Unexpectedly, the next year she received the news that Qiao Nian was killed, and she went to Shanghai to take care of the funeral.
The two blows brought by the departure of relatives made her feel pain and anxiety. From then on, she couldn't afford to get sick, and soon she died with Yannian and Qiao Nian. She was only 28 when she died.
From this perspective, as the mother of two great revolutionary heroes, Gao Xiaolan should not be forgotten by future generations.
Third, illness and death: buried with her husband
She has been sad and helpless for more than 20 years, and the only time she went out of town was in the autumn of 1927.
Qiao Nian wrote to her that he was seriously ill in Wuhan and asked his mother to visit him.
Accompanied by her youngest son, Chen Songnian, she met Chen Qiaonian, the second son of the revolution, and Shi Jingyi, her daughter-in-law. After living for a while, she returned to her hometown Anqing.
That was the last time Gao Xiaolan and Qiao Nian met, and Qiao Nian died heroically in Shanghai the next year.
1July, 930, Gao Xiaolan learned in his hometown that his eldest son Chen Yannian, his second son Chen Qiaonian and his second daughter Chen Yuying had all passed away.
Unable to bear the continuous blows, she fell ill without tears.
This woman, who suffered from human sufferings, lived alone for more than 20 years and passed away soon at the age of 54.
Chen Duxiu didn't learn the news of his wife's death until his third son, Chen Songnian, visited him two years later.
Although the two people have no feelings, the children have made them permanent relatives. For Ko Siu Lan, he has a deep sense of guilt. After a long silence, he said to Chen Songnian:
"Songnian, when you go back, buy me some paper money and burn it at your mother's grave to show my memory of her. Don't forget to sweep the grave every Qingming. "
From 65438 to 0942, Chen Duxiu completed his ups and downs and died in Jiangjin, Chongqing at the age of 63.
On his deathbed, he left a message: He asked to be buried with Ko Siu Lan in his hometown in Anqing.
In June of A.D. 1947, Chen Songnian, in accordance with his father's wishes, transported the coffin back to his hometown of Anqing and buried it with Gao Xiaolan.
Gao Xiaolan can finally return to her original identity. She is just a lover who never forgets, and will be together forever.