1. Science and technology are the primary productive forces
Looking at all times and at home and abroad, every progress of human society is accompanied by the progress of science and technology. In particular, the rapid development of modern science and technology has opened up a broader space for the development of social productive forces and human civilization, which has effectively promoted economic and social development. The rapid growth of computer, communication, biomedicine, new materials and other high-tech enterprises in China has greatly improved China's industrial technology level, promoted the industrial and agricultural labor productivity, and effectively promoted the development of the entire national economy. Practice has proved that high-tech and its industries have become the leading industries in contemporary economic development. Science and technology are the symbols of human civilization. The progress and popularization of science and technology have provided mankind with new means to spread ideas and culture, such as radio, television, movies, videos and the Internet, which has given a new carrier to the construction of spiritual civilization. At the same time, it is of great significance to enrich people's spiritual life, update people's ideas and get rid of superstitions.
relevant experts believe that according to the mechanism between contemporary science and technology and productivity, the relationship between science and technology and various factors of productivity can be expressed by the following formula: productivity = science and technology × (labor force+labor tools+labor object+production management). The above formula shows that science and technology is not only a realistic direct productivity, but also has a special position among various factors of productivity. The multiplication effect of science and technology strongly expresses its primary position and role in productivity.
II. Achievements of specific scientific
1. Great achievements have been made in human genome research. On February 12, 2, scientists from six countries participating in the Human Genome Project jointly published the human genome map and its analysis results, and the completed map of the human genome will be drawn this year. Draw a complete human genome map and decipher all human genetic information. The implementation of this plan will continue to provide the diagnosis and prevention of human diseases, bring immeasurable changes to the pharmaceutical industry, and promote the development of life science, information science and a number of high-tech industries.
2. Chinese scientists are at the forefront of international science and technology in nanotechnology research. Recently, Chinese scientists directly discovered the "strange" performance of nano-metal-superplastic ductility for the first time in the world. Nano-copper can be stretched more than 5 times at room temperature, which is known as "a breakthrough in this field, and it shows people for the first time how void-free nano-materials are deformed". Generally speaking, at present, China ranks fourth in the world in the total number of nano-papers, and has occupied a place in the international research of nano-materials.
2. Supercomputer "Tianhe No.1" In November 21, Tianhe No.1 set the world record for the fastest computer in world record association. As the inventor of this ancient calculator, China has the fastest computing tool in history.
The measured performance of Linpack is 2,57 trillion times per second. This speed means that if one second is calculated by "Tianhe-1", it is equivalent to the continuous calculation of 1.3 billion people in China for 88 years. If "Tianhe-1" is used to calculate one day, a current mainstream microcomputer will count 16 years. The storage capacity of "Tianhe No.1" is equivalent to the sum of the collections of four national libraries.
3. The national "863" plan
Since the implementation of the "863" plan in March 1986, * * * has won more than 2, patents at home and abroad, published more than 47, papers, created an accumulated new output value of more than 56 billion yuan, and generated indirect economic benefits of more than 2 billion yuan. The overall distance between the research and development level of the high-tech fields supported by the 863 Program and the world advanced level has obviously narrowed, and it has begun to occupy a place in the world high-tech fields. More than 6% of the technologies have grown from scratch, and now they have entered or approached the international advanced level, and another 25% are still behind the international advanced level, but they have also made great progress on the original basis.
4. You also have an "Avatar"
Imagine that you can come to a three-dimensional virtual conference room or classroom and sit with many Avatar colleagues without leaving your room or office; After careful design, Avatar can perform better than himself; While your avatar is nervously taking notes at the desk, you are still lying in the bedroom and sleeping.
this sounds like an advertisement in the future, and according to a report in the new york Times on April 12th, two persons in charge of virtual reality research at the University of California and Stanford University said that a three-dimensional conference technology using body double is nearing maturity. According to their vision, personal "Avatar" will appear soon, and virtual body double technology may become a reality in the next five years. They designed a body double for a man named Dev. Dev himself is lazy to sleep, while his body double is attending a company meeting at 8 am. "Put on a digital Italian suit and become a perfect participant. He will capture other body double's voice changes, judge whether it is a joke or laugh, and nod his head in agreement at an appropriate time, and faithfully record every detail in the talks. "
5. New materials to prevent nuclear radiation
According to the report of American Physicist Organization Network on April 14th (Beijing time), researchers at the University of North Carolina recently discovered that a compound composed of forestry by-products and crustacean shells may help us filter radioactive pollutants from water. It is easier to discharge pollutants than to clean them up. The radiation leak in Fukushima made half the world nervous, buying iodine tablets and grabbing salt. If the above radioactive iodine collection technology had existed, it would have been the "filter bag" that sold out of stock. Although it is half a step late, it is gratifying, and biomaterials has a broad prospect in environmental protection applications. In addition, the public needs scientists to provide more ways to remove radioactive cesium and other substances that threaten for a longer time; The public also hopes to have a set of mature nuclear accident handling technology-otherwise the situation will get out of control like the Fukushima reactor; Most fundamentally, we hope that there will be no more problems in the nuclear power plant. High technology can save lives and hurt people, and sometimes we can't afford to hurt them.
third, is nuclear radiation terrible?
"Once encountering nuclear radiation, the two systems of human body are most vulnerable." Chen Hu, director of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center of the 37 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, said that the reproductive system of the human body is the most sensitive. Nuclear radiation will first damage sperm and eggs, and even if it does not cause radiation sickness, it will also cause hereditary diseases due to low-dose radiation. The second is to damage the hematopoietic system, which already belongs to the category of radiation sickness. It is divided into mild, moderate, heavy and extremely severe, and the first three of them can be treated. "In fact, the radiation dose leaked from Japan this time is far from reaching the level of radiation sickness. More than 1 officially notified radiation patients are only contaminated with radioactive dust, and the risk of illness can be completely avoided after cleaning and other treatments." In this regard, China's non-governmental science popularization organization "Science Squirrel Club" has also made a conversion, and the real-time data monitored by the Fukushima nuclear power plant leakage is 1.15 millisieverts per hour. This is equivalent to: 1. the industrial radiation received by nuclear power plant staff in one year; 2. An X-ray examination of the radiation received; 3. Radiation received by air for 239 hours; 4. Natural radiation received by everyone within half a year. According to exact data, only 28 firefighters died from acute external irradiation in the Chernobyl nuclear accident with magnitude 7. Many experts have said in the media that' people may die if they are exposed to more than 6, millisieverts of radiation', but they have not explained an important premise, which is' acute one-off whole body external irradiation'. Wang Zhongwen said: "So, even if Japanese nuclear pollution spreads to China, there is no need to panic at all, because the amount of radiation has been diluted to be lower than that in the daily environment."
so, how to avoid the harm of nuclear radiation? Shi Hongcheng, director of the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, suggested that even in areas with radioactive pollution level 4, the radiation dose received by the human body is within the safe range, as long as it is properly protected. For example, cover your nose and mouth with handkerchiefs, towels, cloth, etc. Once it rains, radioactive substances entrained in the air will fall to the ground or people, so stay indoors as much as possible; People who may be contaminated by radioactivity should be cleaned up. The best way is to take a shower, especially to clean the mouth, nose and hair, because some radioactive substances can be absorbed through the skin and mucosa. In areas with serious radioactive pollution, you can wear hats, headscarves, glasses, raincoats, gloves and boots, which will help reduce radioactive pollution on the body surface; Do not eat contaminated water, food, etc. High-risk personnel need oral iodine.
IV. Flying Shenzhou
China's "three-step" manned space program
The first step is to launch unmanned and manned spacecraft. With the safe return of China's first astronaut, Yang Liwei, on October 16th, 23, the first task has been completed.
The second step is to continue to break through the basic technology of manned space flight: multi-person and multi-day flight, astronauts leaving the capsule to walk in space, and completing the rendezvous and docking between the spacecraft and the space capsule. The launch of Shenzhou VI and Shenzhou VII indicates that China is implementing the second-step plan of manned spaceflight project.
The third step is to establish a permanent space laboratory and a space engineering system in China, where astronauts and scientists can travel between the Earth and the space station to conduct large-scale space science experiments.
Shenzhou-8 is expected to dock with Tiangong-1 in the second half of this year
China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation said that at present, the major national science and technology special development tasks such as Tiangong-1 target aircraft, Shenzhou-8 spacecraft, Chang 'e-3 lunar lander and Long March-5 new generation launch vehicle are progressing smoothly as planned. The rendezvous and docking mission of Shenzhou-8 spacecraft and Tiangong-1 target aircraft, which will be launched in the second half of this year, is also being implemented smoothly.
Other plans
In addition, the successful launch of Chang 'e-2 satellite has laid a solid foundation for the realization of the second phase of China's lunar exploration project. The first-phase networking construction of Beidou satellite navigation system entered the stage of full implementation; The operation of Fengyun-3 A/B double-star network and the successful launch of Xinnuo-6 satellite have further improved China's meteorological forecast level and radio and television safety broadcasting ability.