Wooden airplane patent

Wilbur wright, American Wright brothers, was born in 1867, four years older than Orville Wright. The two brothers have been very interested in machinery since they were young. Their father is a bishop of the Christian Brotherhood. One day, the kind father gave them a bamboo dragonfly. As long as the rubber band on it is tightened, the bamboo dragonfly will fly vertically. Bishop Wright may not have realized at that time that it was this little bamboo dragonfly that aroused the strong curiosity of the two little brothers and planted the seeds of flight in the two young hearts. From then on, the Wright brothers began to study the problem of objects suspended in the air. At first, they copied several bamboo dragonflies. They were very happy when the new bamboo dragonfly flew in the air. However, when making flying toys of much larger size, they can't fly at all. This is the first setback encountered by the Wright brothers in flight research. However, they did not flinch. On the contrary, they understand that flying is not a simple matter, but a complex problem that needs to be solved on the basis of a lot of knowledge. However, the dream of flying into the blue sky, as well as the curiosity and infinite love for the cause of flying, prompted the Wright brothers to make up their minds to chew on the hard bone of inventing airplanes. In order to invent an ideal aircraft, at the end of 19, many people have made arduous exploration and in-depth research, done a lot of experiments, and consumed a lot of wealth. However, efforts including telephone inventor Bell and inventor Kim Edison failed. So many scientists are pessimistic and think it is impossible to build a manned plane. People's dream of flying seems to be shattered. However, the youthful Wright brothers are always full of the same enthusiasm and firm belief in inventing airplanes. They began to read widely books about flight and books about the principle of bird flight. At that time, there was little information about manned flight. Therefore, wilbur wright wrote to the authoritative Smithsonian Institution for advice. Rathbone, vice chairman of the Association, felt their persistent enthusiasm, wrote back in person and sent them a large number of aviation books. They also study mathematics seriously and study aerodynamics and other scientific knowledge diligently. From 65438 to the end of 1980s, they made numerous calculations. The Wright brothers not only strive to master the previous research results and enrich the systematic knowledge of aviation theory, but also attach great importance to learning directly from living flying objects-birds. With indomitable strength, they often lie on their backs, carefully observe the eagles flying in the air for several hours, and study and think about their take-off, lifting and hovering. After continuous hard self-study, even after opening a bicycle repair shop, the Wright brothers never stopped inventing airplanes. Although the Wright brothers have no higher education, they have mastered a wealth of aviation knowledge. The childlike interest in flying has turned into a firm belief in invention. With rich knowledge, the Wright brothers are more convinced that it is possible to invent the plane. In particular, the Wright brothers cooperated perfectly in the process of inventing the airplane. Wilbur is diligent and practical, with the care and caution of engineers; My younger brother Orville is full of artist's imagination and dares to innovate constantly. Two brains with such wisdom complement each other and cooperate closely, as Wilbur said, "Orville and I live together, ... * * * work together, and they almost think together, just like one person." What miracle on earth can't be created? /kloc-in the last few years of the 0/9th century, the Wright brothers thought that the conditions for making airplanes were ripe, so they began to make their own airplanes by hand. As ordinary bicycle repairmen, they can't get other people's funding to build planes. However, the Wright brothers who devoted all their energy to this great cause did not give up their goal. They decided to use the money earned from the bicycle business to make airplanes. What kind of investment and persistence is this! After summing up the previous experience and lessons, the Wright brothers decided to start with the gliding flight experiment. 1897, they made an exquisite biplane for the first time. In the process of observing the plane changing direction in the air, they found that the course of the plane can be controlled by adjusting the wing tip with a small stick connected with the stay wire to keep different windward angles. This is a very important discovery, which has a great influence on the future success of the Wright brothers. From 1900 to 1902, they built three gliders and flew thousands of times on the windy and sparsely populated Kitty Hawk. Sometimes they glide down the hillside, and sometimes they rise into the air in the breeze. Every time, the lift, drag, speed and other data of the aircraft in various situations are recorded in detail, and the longitudinal and lateral control devices are continuously improved according to the flight situation. During this period, their gliders have flown more than 1000 meters many times. This was very rare at that time. The Wright brothers also pay great attention to adopting scientific research methods. 190 1 year, they built a small wind tunnel in the bicycle repair shop in Dayton, their hometown, and carried out dynamic and tensile tests on thousands of wing models. At the same time, the lift-drag measuring instrument is designed and manufactured by ourselves. In these thousands of boring repeated experiments, the Wright brothers' aircraft has been continuously improved and its flight performance is getting better and better. In the process of manufacturing the experimental glider, the Wright brothers also humbly asked Ottavi Sha for advice for many times. The glider administration, which is nearly ancient, has been enthusiastically supporting the younger generation of these two aircraft development activities. Not only did he put forward many useful suggestions, but he also personally visited and encouraged them many times, which benefited the Wright brothers a lot. It is with this meticulous, rigorous and realistic fighting spirit that the Wright brothers not only quickly mastered the aircraft manufacturing technology at that time, but also made major breakthroughs in many aspects. In the summer of 1903, the Wright brothers began to build the famous trapeze biplane. Prepare for the first dynamic flight experiment in the history of human aviation. At first, they wrote to the most famous automobile manufacturer at that time for help, hoping to get an 8 horsepower engine. But at that time, it was generally believed that it was impossible to control the flight of aircraft with engines. Therefore, no company is willing to take risks in manufacturing aero-engines. The stubborn Wright brothers did not stop there. They built a 12 horsepower piston engine. This kind of engine was far more advanced than the steam engine at that time. Propeller, another key component of aircraft, is also very difficult to manufacture. At that time, there was no ready-made theoretical model, and the Wright brothers also explored from scratch. With their outstanding talent and superb skills, they successfully manufactured the best wooden propeller at that time and installed it on the trapeze plane together with the engine. In September of that year, the parts of the flying man were transported to Kitty Hawk, where they were assembled on the spot. 1903 12 17 In the early morning, Xiaoying Village in North Carolina, USA was still asleep. The strong sea breeze from the Atlantic Ocean and Al Bermar Bay whirled around this unknown small fishing village, making sharp cries from time to time. On this cold morning, not far from the village, a tall and long strange guy with huge wings quietly stopped on the empty beach. From a distance, it looks like a big bird with open wings, standing tall in the cold wind. This is the first airplane in human history. Its inventors are American brothers wilbur wright and Orville Wright. This plane has a beautiful name-"Flying Man". Uncovering the thin plain cloth covering the curved wing, we can find that its fuselage skeleton and wing are made of light and strong Chinese fir and eucalyptus wood, and equipped with Chinese fir propeller. The 6.5-meter-long airplane with a wingspan of 12.3 meters is mounted on a special double-track pulley, from which a crossbar protrudes, and two skids under the wing are parked at both ends of the crossbar. At 9 o'clock, the energetic Wright brothers came to the test flight site and made serious preparations. After careful adjustment, at 0: 30 on/kloc-0, the engine started and two wooden propellers turned. Orville Wright, a 32-year-old brother, boarded the trapeze with confidence. I saw him lying on the cradle control device in the lower wing. In this way, he can not only control the engine shut-off valve and elevator joystick by hand to control the lifting movement of the nose and tail, but also control the wing and tail rudder by body movement. Five minutes later, Orville untied the brake cable and the "flying man" began to move slowly and quickly. Suddenly, Orville pulled the joystick of the elevator hard, and under the strong push of the propeller, the trapeze flew at once. Although the flight was very uneven and even a little bumpy, the "flying man" still flew 36 meters in the air. 12 seconds later, land on the beach. Orville jumped off the plane and hugged Wilbur tightly, excited about the success of the flight. Then, they took turns flying three times. On the last flight of the day, Wilbur flew more than 260 meters in 59 seconds with a wind speed of 30 kilometers. The flying of trapeze is an important milestone in the history of human aviation.