Xenon lamp refers to a high-pressure gas discharge lamp filled with inert gas mixture including xenon, and has no filament like halogen lamp. It can be called metal halide lamp or xenon lamp for short. Its luminous principle is to raise the voltage to above 23000V through starter and electronic ballast, so that xenon can form an arc between two electrodes and emit light.
Xenon lamps are divided into xenon lamps for automobiles and xenon lamps for outdoor lighting. Xenon lamp is also called HID gas discharge headlamp in the field of automobile lamps. Using high pressure xenon wrapped in quartz tube instead of traditional tungsten wire provides higher color temperature and more concentrated illumination. Because xenon lamp is an arc formed by activating xenon with high voltage current, it can emit light continuously between two electrodes.
The power of ordinary automobile tungsten filament bulb reaches 55 watts, and xenon lamp only needs 35 watts, which is reduced by nearly 1.5%. Xenon lamp can obviously reduce the load of vehicle power system. The color temperature of automobile xenon lamp is between 4000 K and 6000 K, which is much higher than that of ordinary headlight bulbs. Its brightness is very high. The light color of 4300K xenon lamp is white and yellowish. Because of its low color temperature, yellow visual effect and stronger light penetration than high color temperature lamps, it can improve driving safety at night and in foggy days.
Xenon lamp, abbreviated as HID gas discharge lamp, was first used in air transportation. There are two kinds of xenon lamps widely used in the market, one is automobile lighting and the other is motorcycle lighting. But it has been widely used in cars for more than ten years. It was developed by Haila Company in the early 1990s.
Xenon lamps are more expensive than ordinary halogen lamps and incandescent lamps because of their high technical content. The light-emitting principle of xenon lamp is that a variety of chemical gases, most of which are xenon and iodine, are filled in the ultraviolet-cut anti-ultraviolet crystal glass tube, and then the DC voltage of 12 volts on the vehicle is instantly boosted to 23,000 volts by the ballast, and xenon electrons in the quartz tube are excited by high voltage amplitude to be free, thus generating a light source between the two electrodes. This is called gas discharge. The white super-strong arc light produced by xenon can increase the color temperature of light, similar to sunlight during the day. The current required by HID is only 3.5A, its brightness is three times that of traditional halogen bulbs, and its service life is 65,438+00 times that of traditional halogen bulbs.
Xenon lamp models can be divided into three series according to bulbs: 900 series, H series and D series. (D series is usually a lens series) 9004 9005 9006 9007. H series has H1\ H3 \ H7 \ H8 \ H11\ H4. D series has D 1 \ These models correspond to the models of ordinary automobile headlights. There is also a modified car headlights, called the one with lenses and angel eyes. This is an improved xenon lamp. The lens has a good concentrating power on the headlights, but the modified headlights are not well sealed. Angel eyes play a decorative role and are not practical.
In Europe, the use of xenon bulbs requires the use of quality lenses and headlight cleaning devices. This is to prevent the safety hazards caused by improper use of xenon headlights. There are no relevant laws and regulations in China, but it is suggested that the modified xenon headlights should be equipped with at least corresponding lenses and adjusted accordingly. The model of the lamp holder HID corresponds to the halogen bulb one by one, that is, what is the original halogen bulb, so the same model should be used when modifying the HID. H series: H 1, H3, H4, H6, H7, H8, H9, H 10, H1,H 13, etc.
Series 90: 9004(HB 1), 9005(HB3), 9006(HB4), 9007(HB5), etc.
Series d: D 1S, D 1C, D 1R, D2R, D 1C, D2C, D3C, D4C, etc.
Others: H 1, H4, H7, 9005, 9006, 9007 and other models are widely used in automobile HID. H4, H 13, 9004 and 9007,
The original halogen bulb has two tungsten wires, one is the high beam and the other is the low beam. Because xenon lamps can't realize low beam and high beam in one lamp tube, there are four series, such as: H (also known as single lamp, only high beam or low beam at a time). It is easy to burn out at high temperature and high fever, with an average life span of only 250 hours; HID lamp uses gas discharge to emit light, without tungsten wire, which is not easy to be damaged. H4-3, H 13-3, 9004-3, 9007-3 and H4-H/L, H 13-H/L, 9004-H/L and 9007-H/L xenon lamps are all xenon lamps with integrated far and near light. Where H/L is high/low.
superiority
First, the color temperature of xenon lamp is between 3000K and 12000K, of which 6000K is similar to sunlight, but contains more green and blue components, so it appears blue and white. This blue and white light greatly improves the brightness of road signs and signs.
Secondly, the brightness efficiency of HID is three times higher than that of halogen lamp, which has obvious effect on improving the visibility of driving at night and in foggy days.
Thirdly, the luminous flux emitted by xenon lamp is more than twice that of halogen lamp, and the efficiency of converting electric energy into light energy is more than 70% higher than that of halogen lamp, so xenon lamp has relatively high energy density and light intensity. The improvement of car headlights brightness also effectively expands the visual range in front of the vehicle, thus creating safer driving conditions.
Four, power saving 1/2, halogen lamp power consumption of more than 60W, xenon lamp as long as 35W.
5. Because xenon lamp has no filament, it will not be scrapped because of broken filament, and its service life is much longer than halogen lamp. The service life of xenon lamp is equivalent to all the running time in the average service life of automobile.
Sixth, once the xenon lamp fails, it will not be turned off instantly, but will be turned off gradually (or turned on quickly), so that the driver can gain time during driving at night and pull over urgently.
disadvantaged
First, the light concentration is not good, and there are two factors for not focusing: 1, and the bulb and lamp cup are not properly matched. 2. Installation is not in place or debugging is not good.
Second, the fault light is on because the original light bulb consumes a lot of power (55W), while the xenon lamp consumes a little power (35W). After modification, the power is not enough, and an alarm is given. As a xenon lamp, its starting current is 8A, while the original car is 6.2A, so the line settings of the original car do not match. Need to go to the 4S shop to change the circuit mode.
Third, the automatic flameout is caused by excessive starting current and electromagnetic interference. The ballast can be installed far away from the engine or replaced by a low current ballast.
Fourthly, the problem is mainly reflected in the Haima automobile system, especially the 323 car, because it is controlled by dimming light to get electricity directly from the battery, and the power supply of the headlight line is too slight, so it does not light up after the xenon lamp is installed. A loop needs to be installed, otherwise the high beam indicator will not light up. If the telescopic lamp is not installed correctly after installation, it will easily lead to insufficient power supply and lamp jitter. Especially for telescopic lamps below 1000 yuan, the high beam jitter is more obvious when the road surface is uneven. You can find a professional to install a circuit with the correct voltage, or buy a xenon lamp with a price of more than 1000 yuan to solve the problem.
Xenon lamp has the advantages of high brightness, low color temperature, long life and low power. The following aspects can be considered when purchasing: 1. When choosing a gas lamp, you should pay attention to the source of the product and don't choose a counterfeit brand. When purchasing, it is best to choose a complete set of xenon lamps produced by imported famous brands or domestic patent manufacturers.
2. It depends on the E-Mark certification of the European Union. E-Mark certification in EU is a recognized technical standard in the world. If the xenon lamp product is certified, other electronic equipment in the car.
3. Look at the process details of the product, the polarity labeling of the line mouth and the waterproof design, but it can reflect the maturity of the product. Can not only ensure the quality of qualified products, but also will not interfere with the purchase in use. It is necessary to carefully check the product process, such as stabilizers and fixed brackets, which are usually difficult to attract people's attention.
4. The color temperature of xenon lamp is not as high as possible. The color temperature of xenon lamp is usually 4000 ~ 6000K, not the higher the better. If it reaches above 8000K, the lighting effect will be reduced. There are several color temperatures of xenon lamps, 4300K, 6000 K and 9000K.