1． Basic research and cutting-edge technological innovation capabilities have been significantly enhanced. Over the past five years, China's basic research has achieved a number of major original innovations. The total number of international papers ranked fourth in the world, accounting for 7% of the total number of papers in the three major international paper retrieval systems (SCI, EI, ISTP), entering the second square in the world, equivalent to the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan; Nanoscience The number of papers ranked first in the world, and the number of engineering science papers ranked second in the world. A number of breakthroughs have been made in core technologies in the field of cutting-edge technologies, and the gap with the world's advanced level has been continuously narrowed. Research on cutting-edge technologies such as nonlinear optical crystals, quantum information communications, ultra-powerful and ultra-short lasers, and high-temperature superconductivity are among the world's leading research projects. Manned spaceflight, super hybrid rice, high-performance computers, very large-scale integrated circuits, and third-generation mobile phones have emerged. A number of major independent innovation achievements including international communication standards. 2. Industrial technological innovation has achieved breakthroughs in many aspects. In recent years, China's technological innovation capabilities have been greatly improved in the fields of basic industry, processing manufacturing and emerging industries. Major technological innovation achievements in the fields of petroleum, steel, shipbuilding, electronic information, advanced equipment manufacturing and biotechnology have continued to emerge. The overall technology of the industry has Quality has reached a new level. The independent development capabilities, complete set level and comprehensive engineering capabilities of major technical equipment have been significantly improved, which has effectively supported the construction of major national projects such as the Three Gorges Project, West-to-East Power Transmission, West-to-East Gas Transmission, South-to-North Water Diversion, and Qinghai-Tibet Railway. 3． Technology has entered thousands of households and benefited hundreds of millions of people. In recent years, the Chinese government has given priority to solving people's livelihood problems and developing social undertakings. Scientific and technological progress has provided strong support for population health, energy conservation and emission reduction, climate change, disaster prevention and reduction, and public safety. The cultivation and application of hybrid rice and the implementation of grain-high-yield scientific and technological projects have provided important support for solving food security. In the energy field, we have made breakthroughs in a number of key technologies such as oil exploration, complete sets of large-scale coal liquefaction engineering equipment, large-scale hydropower equipment, and advanced nuclear power. We have also conquered a number of key technologies in new energy such as fuel cells, wind energy, and biomass energy to adjust the energy structure and ensure energy security. laid the foundation. Important progress has been made in prevention and control technologies for major diseases and infectious diseases such as AIDS, viral hepatitis, SARS virus, and highly pathogenic avian influenza. A number of new drugs have been successfully created, and traditional Chinese medicine has achieved new development, providing important information for improving people's health. Assure. 4. The level of intellectual property output has increased significantly. Over the past five years, China's domestic invention patent applications and authorizations have continued to grow rapidly, and its intellectual property creation capabilities have been further enhanced. From 2002 to 2006, the number of domestic invention patent applications increased from 39,700 to 122,000, and the number of domestic invention patent authorizations increased from 0.58 million to 25,000. With the establishment and gradual improvement of China's intellectual property system, the number of domestic and foreign invention patent applications accepted by the China Patent Office has increased year by year. In 2006, the total number of invention patent applications in China reached 210,000, ranking 4th in the world.