Developing CPU and manufacturing atomic bomb have their own difficulties. A CPU company can develop it, but the atomic bomb needs the efforts of the whole country. China developed the atomic bomb 5 years ago, and it took five years. But now, few countries can make top CPU.
atomic bomb
atomic bomb belongs to the entry-level nuclear bomb, and hydrogen bomb and neutron bomb are more advanced nuclear bombs. Now, all countries in the world, except the P5, have nuclear weapons illegally. After all, in this age of relying on strength, it is illegal to say that you are illegal.
So if other countries want to make atomic bombs, there are three main difficulties:
(1) It needs to be recognized internationally, otherwise it is illegal to make atomic bombs, which will be suppressed by the international community and even face the danger of national extinction;
(2) whether the uranium resources in our country support the manufacture of atomic bombs;
(3) Uranium enrichment is the core technology in the manufacture of atomic bombs, and many countries that study nuclear weapons under international pressure are stuck here;
Because of the particularity of the atomic bomb, it is necessary for the whole country to make the atomic bomb. For example, in the last century, it took six years for the United States to study the atomic bomb and five years for China. Even though it was very difficult, we managed to make it.
Chip
Chip is the product of cutting-edge technology, especially the manufacture and design of high-end chips are only in the hands of a few countries and companies. China spends more than 2 billion US dollars to import chips every year, which has exceeded the import amount of crude oil.
The manufacturing principle of chips is known all over the world. First, high-purity silicon crystals are extracted from sand, then cut into wafers, then coated and etched. Finally, tens of billions of transistors are integrated in an area the size of a finger and cut into a single chip.
raw materials are found all over the world. to put it bluntly, chips are made of sand, but it is easy to make a house out of sand, and it is more difficult to make a chip than to ascend to heaven.
mask aligner is the most critical equipment in the chip manufacturing process, which is responsible for integrating transistors on the wafer; Mask aligner, made by Dutch company ASML, is the only company in the world that can make cutting-edge chips, which has reached 1nm.
Although China's SMIC can also manufacture chips, it seems that it can only reach the level of 45nm at present, and it is still a long way from cutting-edge chip manufacturing. Some of these difficulties can't be solved by money, such as the following:
(1) Lack of talents
Nothing that money can solve is a big deal. After all, a country with a population of 1.4 billion won't be short of money; However, the lack of talents is the most important thing. The semiconductor industry needs the attention and support of the state to promote the development of this industry and the influx of talents. Semiconductors have started for decades, and we really haven't kept up in this respect.
(2) Technology accumulation in related industries
Chip manufacturing tests the manufacturing level of a country in various fields. A mask aligner involves many technologies, such as precision laser emission technology and lens manufacturing technology. There are many famous lens manufacturers abroad, such as mask aligner lens of ASML, which is provided by German Zeiss, but there is no such high-level lens manufacturer in China.
(3) Patent Suppression and Technology Blockade
In the design and manufacture of chips, foreign countries are also carrying out patent suppression and technology blockade on China. For example, ASML is restricted by the Wassenaar Agreement and technology blockade is imposed on mask aligner, China; In the market, China developed 45nm technology, and foreign countries opened up 25 nm technology, which pressed China enterprises step by step, making the chip manufacturing of China enterprises lose their market competitiveness.
Moreover, in the chip architecture design, some patent problems are also designed. Even if you can do it, you can't do it, because the patent is in the hands of others, and you can't afford the patent fee, so you can only buy his finished chip.
generally speaking, personally, it is more difficult to make cutting-edge chips than to make atomic bombs, otherwise, China would not be constrained by foreign countries in the field of chips.
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