Ahma (? -1282) Yuan Shizu designed the "financial management" minister.
Ahema was a very important figure in the early Yuan Dynasty. Starting from Wokuotai, Emperor Taizong of the Yuan Dynasty, the finance of the Yuan Dynasty mainly relied on "Semu people". Ahema is one of the representatives. He designed various schemes for Yuan Shizu to plunder people's wealth, such as clearing accounts, monopolizing patents and issuing money indiscriminately. Needless to say, while searching the imperial court cruelly, you must also be searching yourself cruelly, so Ahema became a cruel official in this sense, which aroused strong opposition from the Han Palace and the Han people. In the incomplete records of Biography of Yuan, there are words such as "taking advantage of the boss's greed" and "taking bribes in domestic currency and showing punishment outside". Two skins were found in his house, and other historical records made this character fully qualified for this book. In addition, it is worth noting that Wang Zhu is described in detail in his biography, which shows the tradition that ancient martyrs sacrificed their lives for justice.
Ahema, Hui nationality. I don't know the details of his entry into the official career. Yuan Shizu was unified for three years before he was appointed as the Secretary of the Central Secretariat, as well as various transshipment ambassadors, and specially appointed him to handle finance and taxation. In Ahma, Sai-jo ordered the plan to be divided into several parts and announced the Oracle to the transportation department. Next year, because there are ironmaking equipment in Zhou Jun and Xuzhou, please ask the court to grant a license to revitalize the smelting interests. Sai-jo upgraded Kaiping Prefecture to Shangdu and appointed Ahema as Tongzhi Kaiping Prefecture, in charge of the left and right parts of Zhongshu. At Ahema's request, Ma Yuehe, the minister of rites, was appointed to be responsible for managing 3,000 households without registered permanent residence and strengthening the ironmaking industry. Every year, 200,000 kilograms of iron1237,000, 200,000 pieces of iron casting and forging farm tools and 40,000 stones of grain are turned over.
In the first month of the first year of Yuan Dynasty, Ahema said, "People in Taiyuan cook illicit salt and sell it across borders. People everywhere covet its cheap salt and rush to buy it, so the official salt in Jiezhou can't be sold, and they only pay 7520 taels of silver in salt tax every year. Please ask the court to increase Taiyuan salt tax by 5200 yuan from this year. All families, including monks, Taoist priests, non-commissioned officers and craftsmen, should share the salt tax, and private salt can be used by the people according to their own convenience. " In autumn and November this year, the left and right parts of the book collar were revoked and merged into the book collar province. Ama was appointed as a librarian and promoted to Doctor Rong Lu.
In the first month of the third year of Zhiyuan, the State Administration Department was established, and Ahema also served as the affairs of the State Administration Department in the capacity of Pingzhang. Later, the Ministry of State Affairs said, "Buy sheep locally with the thin, rotten and unusable cloth used in Tokyo every year. If the gold and silver of Zhending and Shuntian are not up to standard, they must be smelted again. Don't be afraid of asbestos produced in Chishan. Weave it into cloth and don't burn it. Please send officials to mine it. " He also said: "The country's expenditure is countless. After the emperor returned to Beijing this year, he has spent 400,000 pieces of paper money. I'm afraid it won't be enough next year, so I'll save it. " In November, the Minister of State said, "There are 160,000 Jin of silver mines in Huanzhou Prefecture, and 25 Jin of silver and tin can be obtained for every 100 Jin. The cost of mining can be paid by selling tin. " Sai-jo all agreed to the request of the Ministry of National Affairs.
In the first month of the seventh year of Yuan Dynasty, Shangshu Province was established, and the Ministry of State Administration was abolished. Ama saved trouble for Shangshu. Ahma is a resourceful and eloquent man, and he is conceited about his own utilitarianism and interests. People all praised his ability. Sai-jo was eager to make the country rich, so he tried to get Ahema to do things, which was very successful. I saw grandma arguing with the prime minister about truth and history. Grandma had reason to make others give in again and again, so she expressed surprise at her talent, granted him political power and obeyed everything he said, but she didn't know that his autocratic willfulness was getting worse. Prime Minister Antong endured for a long time and said to Sai-jo, "My lieutenants recently said that all ministers, the Privy Council and Yushitai should report to the emperor according to the usual system, and major events can only be reported with the consent of lieutenants and others, which has been approved by the imperial edict. Now everything in Shangshu Province is played directly, which seems to violate my previous report to the emperor. " Sai-jo said, "You are absolutely right. Is grandma afraid to do this because I trust him very much? It is wrong for him not to discuss with you. He should do as you say. " Antong went on to say, "Zuo Cheng and Xu Heng thought that many of the subordinate officials appointed by Ahema were improper, but they were instructed by the imperial edict to consult the Chinese Book Department and announced that if they didn't give them, they might have other plans in the future. It should be tested whether the person he appointed has the ability, and it will naturally be understood after a long time. " Sai-jo thinks what Antong said makes sense. In May this year, Shanxi Province requested a general survey of the country's registered permanent residence. Later, Yushitai thought that locusts were being caught everywhere, and the people were working hard, so the census should be postponed slightly. So I won't do it.
At the beginning of the establishment of Shangshu Province, there was an imperial decree saying: "All officials, big or small, who have been selected through examination, will be drafted by the official department and submitted to Shangshu Province, which will send Chinese books to play." By this time, Ahema promoted his own people without being drafted by the official department or seeking the opinions of Zhongshu Province. So, Prime Minister Antong played, and Sai-jo ordered him to ask Ahma. Ahma said: "Everything, big or small, should be entrusted to the lieutenants, who should choose their own personnel." Antong therefore demanded: "From now on, only serious crimes and those handed over to the road management will be managed by officials, and the rest will be handed over to Ahma, so as to distinguish the responsibilities." Sai-jo agreed.
In March, 2008, Shangshu Province once again sent a letter to the whole country about the census register. This year's play requested an increase in Taiyuan's salt tax, with 1000 pieces of paper money on a regular basis, and this road is still in charge.
In the ninth year of Zhiyuan, Shangshu Province was merged into Zhongshu Province, and Ahema Ren Zhongshu was in charge. The following year, he appointed his son Hu Xin as the viceroy and the magistrate of Daxing. Right-hand Prime Minister Antong saw that Ahma's autocratic power was getting worse day by day and wanted to remedy this shortcoming. He said that most officials below the manager of Dadu Road were incompetent and asked to be replaced. Soon after, it was said that grandma and Zhang Hui relied on the power of the prime minister to do business, thus seizing the best interests of the world, seriously poisoning the people and leaving them nowhere to complain. Ahma said, "Who made these words up? I want to argue with him in court. " Jin Yue said, "In Shangshu Province, the left division is in charge of honor, and Zhongmou seeks huge profits. The crime is very clear. " Sai-jo said: "People like this should be publicly dismissed after the collection is completed." Later, the Privy Council asked Hu Xin to join the Privy Council, but Sai-jo refused, saying, "He is a liar and he doesn't know anything in general. How can he be in charge of confidential affairs? "
In the 12th year of Zhiyuan, Bo Yan led the troops to attack the Song Dynasty. After crossing the river, good news came day by day. Sai-jo ordered Ahema to discuss with Yao Shu, Tudan Gonglu, Zhang Wenqian, Chen Hangui, Yang Cheng and others the implementation of salt law, banknote law and trade in medicinal materials in Jiangnan. Ahema said: "Yao Shu said:' If the meeting in the south of the Yangtze River fails, the people will definitely lose their place to live. Tu Dan Lu Gong said: "Bo Yan has posted a notice, clearly indicating that there will be no trade fair. To rush to implement it now is to lose credibility among the people. Zhang Wenqian said: "Whether this is feasible should be asked by Bo Yan." . "Both Chen Hangui and Yang Cheng said,' What's the difficulty in replacing the central banknotes with Jiangnan Wei?' Sai-jo said, "Uncle Yao and his disciples are lonely and don't know how to seize the opportunity." . I once asked Chen Yan about it, and Chen Yan also thought that the meetings in the Song Dynasty should be replaced as soon as possible. Now that the discussion has been decided, let's do as you say. "Ama played again:" Yao Shu and his disciples said that the people in the north can buy and sell salt and medicinal materials freely. I think if ordinary people do it, I'm afraid it will cause confusion and disunity. Prepare to buy medicinal materials in Nanjing, Weihui and other roads, and transport 200,000 kilograms of salt from Cai Zhou, and prohibit all kinds of personnel from trading with each other privately. " Sai-jo said, "Good! Do it. "
In the 12th year of Yuan Dynasty, Ahema added: "Recently, due to the collection of property for military purposes at one's own expense, the taxes of the people in the establishment were reduced or exempted, and the transfer officers were abolished, so that the general managers were in charge of taxes according to the amount, which made the national expenditure insufficient. I think it's better to check the number of registered permanent residence, set up a transfer agent for the distant place, estimate the situation, and then increase taxes in the past, and choose a clean and capable official to handle this matter alone. Iron should be smelted by public and private, and monopolized by government and bureau; It is still forbidden for all kinds of personnel not to make bronzes privately. In this way, the people's financial resources will not be exhausted, and the state's expenditure will be sufficient. " So I set up various transshipment ambassadors, and appointed Yishiliejin, Zhagula, Zhang, Fu Jue, Cai Derun, Ge Shilieheng, Ali Hezhe, Wan, Arau Wading and Barbary Basha as transshipment ambassadors. A man named Yidu Martin was offended and dismissed because he owed money to the public. After he died, he still owed a lot. In the book, save the interpretation. Sai-jo said, "This is a question of money and food. Go and discuss it with Ahma. "
In the first month of the fifteenth year, Sai-jo took out 10,000 grains of grain to relieve the famine in Xijing, and told Ahema to store her savings widely in case of shortage. "From now on," said Ahema, "the Yushitai will not be able to summon officials in charge of warehouses or check the figures of money and grain without informing Shangshu Province." And if you don't get the book at the meeting, you will be convicted. "He obstructed and suppressed the regulatory authorities, that's all. In April, the Chinese book Zuo Cheng Cui Bin said, "At first, because there were too many officials in the south of the Yangtze River, many of them were incompetent, so Ali and others were excluded. Now there is evidence, but it is deceiving the monarch and confusing the court. Hangzhou has a vast territory, and its responsibilities are not light. Ama was confused by her personal feelings, and suddenly took her worthless son as a big flower and mastered the charm. Is this a way to measure talent and give responsibility? "He also said:" Ahema first asked for the removal of his children's official positions, but now he is a political official in Pingzhang. His sons and nephews have some politicians from other provinces, some ministers of the Ministry of Rites, and they will be the masters and masters of the court, and they all hold important positions. They violated what they said in the past and were punished justly. "sai-jo ordered to get rid of them all, but he never thought it was the sin of their. Sai-jo once said to Anjie, our emissary of Huaixi, "To be a prime minister, you must know the sky, observe the land and devote yourself to these three aspects before you can be considered competent. "Ali Haig, Mai Shuding and others can't be prime ministers; Among the Hui people, Ahema's talent is enough to be the prime minister. " He was praised by the emperor, that's all.
In April, 16th year of Yuan Dynasty, Zhongshu Province requested the establishment of Jiangxi Que Tea Transportation Department, as well as various transshipment salt transportation departments, class publicity and promotion departments. Soon after, Hu Xin was appointed as the right-hand man of Zhongshu. In the second year, Zhongshu Province said: "Atahai and Ali said that there is now a Ministry to promote the class, and the number of officials has reached 500. Zuo Cheng and Fan said that they were disturbing the people, embezzling and stealing public funds. Request deletion. Ahema said: "In the past, there was an imperial decree to register the grain figures in the south of the Yangtze River, and repeated requests were made, but the facts were not reported. Therefore, my deputies discussed with the Privy Council, Yushitai, court ministers and elders, and thought that transportation departments should be set up in various ways, and each province should appoint a person to take charge of this matter. At present, none of the provinces have appointed anyone, so they demand abolition. They blame the lieutenant and others. However, some people appointed by officials only served for two months. If you calculate that they embezzled 1 100 ingots, how much should it be compared with the four years they managed? The promotion department has been set up now, but it will be abolished in March. Isn't it because you are afraid that your illegal shortcomings will be exposed, so you are invited to play by yourself to eliminate traces? We should order Yushihe to send capable people to join us and truthfully report all illegal acts. " Sai-jo said, "Ahema is right. He ordered Yushitai to send personnel to investigate. If you can prove that you are innocent, you can blame others. "
Ahema used to play and should set up a big government. Sai-jo said, "Is this what you people should say? This is my business. However, I have never heard of the name Zong Zheng. What you said is right. Think about it. " Amar wants to sort out and calculate all the money and grain figures since the establishment of Jianghuai Province, such as Alibo and Youcheng Timur. Last week, he sent Lu Xixi to answer a few questions, and Liu Si went to check it out. He found that they changed 800 officials appointed by the imperial court without authorization, set up left and right officials and cast bronze seals without authorization, and so on. Sai-jo asked, "What reason does Ali Bo and others have to explain?" Ahma said: "He said that the province would go over and cast the official seal. I thought that in the past, because Jiangnan was not settled, we could handle it ourselves according to the situation. It's not the same now. They also handed over 470 thousand stone grain without authorization, and finally played until the propaganda department was abolished. When Zhongshu Province sent officials to clean up the calculations, they collected 12,000 pieces of paper money. " Ali Bo and Yan Timur were eventually killed for this.
At that time, Amar was in office for a long time, and he was even more greedy and arrogant. He dragged on the promotion of traitors Hao Zhen and Geng Ren, and suddenly moved to Zhongshu Province with himself. He conspired to cheat the emperor, and the taxes he owed were not exempted. The people fled and migrated, and the income and tax revenue of Jingzhao Road reached 54,000 ingots a year. However, this is not the actual situation. People have fertile land in the suburbs, so they rob for themselves. Accepting bribes in secret and strictly enforcing the law on the surface, North Korean officials expressed their dissatisfaction with each other with their eyes, but no one dared to understand the discussion. Qin Changqing, who stayed in the garrison, wrote passionately and exposed his sins. He was murdered by Ama and killed in prison. Things can be found in Biography of Qin Changqing.
In March of the 19th year of Zhiyuan, Sai-jo was in Shangdu, accompanied by the Crown Prince. There was a man named Wang Zhu who lived in Yidu with thousands of families. He has always hated evil. Because people are angry and hate Ahema, he secretly forged a big steel shovel and vowed to smash Ahema's head. At that time, there was a demon monk named monk Gao, who claimed that there was a secret method in the army and ran away without any effect. He pretended to be dead, killed an apprentice, cheated the public with his body, and ran away again, leaving people unaware of the truth. Wang Zhu planned it with him. On the day of Wuyin, he lied that the Crown Prince returned to Beijing to participate in Buddhism, and gathered more than 80 people into Beijing at night. In the morning, two monks were sent to Zhongshu Province, and Zhongshu Province was asked to buy articles dedicated to the gods and buddhas. People in Zhongshu Province are suspicious and will not plead guilty when questioned. At noon, Cui, the general manager, was sent to falsely preach the will of the Crown Prince, and Zhang Yi, the deputy envoy of the Tang Dynasty, was invited to send several troops. On this evening, Zhang Yi will gather in front of the East Palace. Yi cheung didn't notice the fake, so he ordered Yan Yi to lead the troops together. Wang rode to see Ahema himself, pretending that the prince had come, and ordered all officials in Zhongshu Province to wait in front of the East Palace. Ahema sent a right-handed doctor to entrust Huan Chaer and others to ride through the customs, walked more than ten miles north, and met Wang Zhu and his gang. People disguised as princes accused them of being rude, killed them all, grabbed their horses and entered the south of Jiande Gate. At night, at the second watch, no one dared to ask anything. When they got to the east gate, everyone got off the horse, but the man pretended to be a prince and sat on the horse to command, called the governor of Zhongshu to come to the horse and scolded her. Wang Zhu took her away and smashed her head with copper paste hidden in her sleeve. She was immediately killed. Then call Zhongshu Zuo Cheng Hao Zhen to come and kill him. You Cheng and Zhang Hui were imprisoned. Officials from the Privy Council, Yushitai and Liu Shou Division are watching from a distance, and no one can guess why. Minister Zhang shouted loudly in the palace that it was a scam. Lu Hua Ikekawa, who stayed behind, rushed to the front with a wooden stick and knocked the rider to the ground. Bows and arrows were thrown wildly, and the gang scattered and most of them were caught. After the monk escaped, he stepped forward and demanded that he be imprisoned.
In the suggestion, Cheng also flew to Timur first and immediately beat Sai-jo. Sai-jo was stationed in Chahanau. Hearing this, he was furious and drove to Shangdu that day. Ordered Tommy's envoys Boluo, Si Tuleideng and Li Huomi, and Ali, who participated in politics, to fly to Dadu by post station to punish those who created the crisis. On this day, monk Gao was caught in the Gaoliang River. Xin has arrived in Dadu, Boluo and others. At noon, and Gao monk was killed in the market, chopped into meat paste, and Zhang Yi was killed at the same time. Before his execution, Wang Zhu shouted, "Wang Zhu saved the world, and now he is dead. Someone must write it down for me in the future! " "
After Ahema's death, Sai-jo did not know his evil deeds in detail and ordered Zhongshu Province not to pursue his wife and son. When I asked Kyle, I knew all about Ahma's sins, and then I was furious and said, "Wang Zhu was right to kill him." So he ordered the grave to be dug and the coffin to be opened, and the body was slaughtered outside Xuantongmen, so that the dog could eat his meat. Hundreds of court officials, scholars and people gathered to watch and applaud. Ama's son and nephew were killed, and his family and property were confiscated. One of his concubines, Athena Chu, searched her things and found two pieces of boiled human skin in the cupboard. Both ears are well preserved. A eunuch specially mastered the key to this cabinet and questioned them. No one knew whose skin it was. He just said, "When cursing, put the throne on it and it will come true soon." With two pieces of silk, several layers of armored cavalry were painted, surrounded by a covered temple, guarded, and the soldiers all pulled open the bowstring and went in with blades, as if attacking inward. The name of the person who painted this picture is Chen. There is also a birthday named Cao who has also counted Ahema; There was a man named Wang Taijun who quoted divination casually. Everything he said involved rebellion. When it was over, sai-jo ordered the publicity of these four men. (translated by Shen Yucheng)
Or the struggle for Khan's position behind Chengzong; Or the death of Yingzong?