There are few open source agreements that don't allow Shearing: these open source agreements stipulate that Shearing must be renamed, and if you use the original name of the software after Shearing, it is against the agreement.
HarmonyOS has changed all the names that contain Android, so even according to the strictest open source protocol, its shell is completely legal.
Because Android itself is developed based on Linux, and the development of Linux is because Unix is restricted by various patents, the open source license is designed to solve this problem. AOSP must abide by it, otherwise Linux itself cannot be used, so the legal problem has been solved at the level of Linux.
Summarized as follows:
As long as HarmonyOS's operating system is sold without Google's own services, such as Gmail and YouTube, neither Google nor the US government can do anything about it.
So when it comes to autonomy, the HarmonyOS system is indeed autonomous, but this autonomy was solved by a Finn. You can look at the historical process of popular science when I answer another question.