Who knows the specific content of Taylor's metal cutting shovel experiment?

Frederick Winslow Taylor was born in a wealthy lawyer family in Philadelphia, USA. After graduating from high school, he was admitted to the law department of Harvard University, but unfortunately he was forced to drop out of school due to eye diseases. 1875 entered a small machinery factory as an apprentice, 1878 transferred to Philadelphia Midvale Steel Plant as a mechanic. He worked in this factory until 1897. During this period, due to his hard work and outstanding performance, he was quickly promoted to workshop manager, team leader, foreman and technician. In the practice of iron and steel plant in the middle of the year, he felt that the enterprise management authorities at that time did not know how to manage with scientific methods, and did not understand the influence of working procedures, labor rhythm and fatigue factors on labor productivity. On the other hand, workers lack training, correct operation methods and applicable tools. This has greatly affected the improvement of labor productivity. In order to improve management, he conducted various tests in Midwar Steel Plant.

1898? During 90 1, he was employed by Bethlehem iron and steel company to continue his management research. Later, he obtained a patent for a high-speed tool steel. 190 1 year later, he spent most of his time consulting, writing and speaking to publicize his set of management theories, namely "Taylor system", which contributed to the spread of scientific management theory in the United States and abroad.

Taylor's research work began when he was the foreman of a steel plant in the middle of the war. His special experience made it possible for him to systematically study labor organization and production management in the factory production line. After he personally experienced and found that the problem of low production efficiency was caused by workers' "deliberate laziness", he was determined to solve it. Starting from 188 1, he conducted a "metal cutting test", from which he calculated the appropriate workload for each metal cutting worker. After two years of preliminary experiments, a set of workload standards has been formulated for workers. He himself thinks that Midwar's experiment is the beginning of working hours research.

During the period of 1898, Taylor was employed by Bethlehem Iron and Steel Company to carry out the famous "pig iron moving test" and "shovel test". Experiments on processing raw iron blocks were carried out among about 75 workers in the product processing teams of five blast furnaces in the company. As a result of this research, the operation method has been improved and the workers have been trained. Therefore, the processing capacity of raw iron blocks has increased by three times. Firstly, the shovel loading test systematically studies how big the shovel loading should be; Secondly, the shapes and specifications of shovels of various materials that can meet the standard load and the best loading methods of various raw materials are studied. In addition, the exact time of each set of movements is studied, and the workload that a "first-class worker" should complete every day is obtained. The results of this study are excellent, and the labor force in the yard ranges from 400? 00 people decreased to 140 people, the per capita daily working capacity increased from 16 tons to 59 tons, and the daily wage of each worker increased from 1. 15 dollars to 1.88 dollars.

Taylor's metal cutting test in Midvale lasted for 26 years, with more than 30,000 tests. 800,000 pounds of steel were cut into pieces by the tools used in the test, and the total cost was about 6,543,800 dollars+0,500 pounds. The test results show that high-speed tool steel can greatly improve the output of metal cutting machine tools, and the appropriate rotational speed, feed speed and cutting parameter standards of various machine tools are obtained.