Huawei, which leads the 5G technology, only owns about 20% of 5G patents. Including car companies in the United States and Europe, in order to avoid being pinched, they can only choose other routes. In order to overtake in corners, China can only fully develop pure electric vehicles.
At present, there are two forms of hydrogen energy vehicles, one is hydrogen internal combustion engine, which changes the engine fuel from gasoline to hydrogen. The former is not really zero pollution, because it burns at high temperature in the engine, but it is more environmentally friendly than gasoline vehicles.
The other is a hydrogen fuel cell, which provides hydrogen to the negative electrode and oxygen to the positive electrode. Under the action of catalyst, the electrons in the outer layer of hydrogen atom will be released and become electrons+hydrogen ions. There is a proton exchange membrane between the positive and negative electrodes, through which hydrogen ions can be generated by the oxidation reaction between hydrogen ions and oxygen, and electrons will be blocked outside the membrane. Connect a wire at the electron gathering place, and the battery can output current.
Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydrogen Energy Vehicles
1, hydrogen energy has outstanding advantages.
Hydrogen energy is a kind of fuel with higher energy density, and the energy produced by its combustion is three times that of oil with the same weight and four times that of coal. The energy conversion efficiency of hydrogen energy is very high, even 90% of energy can be converted into electric energy. Compared with electric vehicles, it is more flexible and efficient. At present, hydrogen energy is also one of the most environmentally friendly energy sources known.
Hydrogen-powered cars are too expensive.
The relatively independent and complex power system of hydrogen fuel cell leads to the increase of the cost of hydrogen fuel vehicle. Under the current mainstream technology, the global output of platinum as a catalyst for hydrogen fuel cells is low, with an annual output of about 200 tons, 60% of which is used as jewelry materials.
It is expensive, about twice the price of gold, and it needs high-purity hydrogen. In Japan, the subsidy price range is 7,654,380+0-8,050,000 yen (about 445-505,000 yuan), which is much higher than other cars of the same class.
3. The cost of hydrogenation is too high.
At present, there are two main methods to produce hydrogen: the first method is steam methane reforming, but this technology will use methane, about 7% of which will leak into the atmosphere, and the greenhouse effect of methane is 28 times that of carbon dioxide.
The second method is to electrolyze water. At present, fossil fuels are mainly used to generate electricity, and then water is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen, which is costly. The hydrogen in the hydrogen refueling station is about one kilogram in 60 yuan, which is about 100- 130 kilometers. The cost of using hydrogen per 100 kilometers exceeds that of 50 yuan.
4. The number of hydrogen refueling stations is too small
By the end of 20021,China has built 207 hydrogen refueling stations, and the national goal is to build at least 1000 hydrogen refueling stations by 2025.