Routine sample types for nucleic acid testing include throat swabs, nasal swabs, sputum, bronchial lavage fluid, alveolar lavage fluid, etc. The process is as follows:
Obtain patients After collecting the sample, it needs to be tested as soon as possible. If the sample that needs to be transported cannot be tested immediately, it should be packaged at low temperature according to the requirements of the instructions and sent to a specialized testing agency for testing. After receiving the sample, the testing institution will perform nucleic acid extraction on the sample. The nucleic acid extraction reagent should use the nucleic acid extraction kit specified in the approved product instructions.
Viral RNA needs to be reverse transcribed into cDNA first, and then amplified and detected. PCR amplification and detection should use the fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument specified in the approved product instructions. The Ct value of the sample obtained by fluorescence quantitative PCR can be used to determine whether the patient sample contains the new coronavirus.
Extended information:
Currently, clinical nucleic acid testing is mainly through throat swab testing. The process is to first ask the person being examined to rinse their mouth with light salt water, which can remove the Clean away any bacteria and place the label on the specimen container.
Inform the subject of the purpose and method of taking throat swabs for culture, light the alcohol lamp, instruct the subject to open their mouth and pronounce the sound "ah", fully expose the throat, and use a long sterilized cotton swab in the culture tube to Wipe the secretions from the palatal arches and pharyngeal tonsils on both sides with sensitive and gentle movements. After sampling, sterilize the mouth of the test tube on the flame of an alcohol lamp, then insert a cotton swab into the test tube, plug it tightly and send it for inspection in time.
As an important basis for pathogen diagnosis, nucleic acid testing is currently the most important basis for diagnosis. For example, for the current detection of new coronavirus pneumonia, viral nucleic acid testing is still the gold standard for diagnosis.