Exercise 1
1. Objective To practice the accounting of long-term equity investment.
II. Information
On January 2, 28, Company A acquired 25% shares of Company B with a bank deposit of 4 million yuan; On that day, the fair value of identifiable net assets of Company B was 15 million yuan and the book value was 17 million yuan, of which the fair value of fixed assets was 2 million yuan and the book value was 4 million yuan, which could still be used for 1 years, with straight-line depreciation and no residual value; The fair value of other assets is equal to the book value. In 28, Company B realized a net profit of 15 million yuan. At the end of that year, it announced the distribution of cash dividend of 8 million yuan, and the payment date was April 2, 29. The accounting policies and accounting periods adopted by both parties are consistent, regardless of income tax.
III. Requirements
1. Use the equity method to prepare the accounting entries of Company A's equity investment.
2. suppose that company a uses the cost method to account for the equity investment and prepares relevant accounting entries.
answer: the equity method is adopted: (unit: ten thousand yuan)
(1) at the beginning of 28, the loan is 4, yuan for long-term equity investment
, and the bank deposit is 4, yuan
(2) at the end of 28, the difference between the fair value and book value of fixed assets should be adjusted to increase the depreciation amount = 2. 1 =-2 yuan (ten thousand yuan)
adjusted profit =15+2=17 yuan (ten thousand yuan)
A company's share =17* 25%=425 (ten thousand yuan)
Accounting treatment to determine investment income
Borrowing: long-term equity investment-profit and loss adjustment 425
Lending: investment income 425
(3) cash dividend =8* 25%=2 (ten thousand yuan)
Debit: dividend receivable 2
Loan: long-term equity investment-profit and loss adjustment 2
(4) When receiving cash dividend
Debit: bank deposit 2
Loan: dividend receivable 2
Cost method:
(1 4
(2) Borrow: dividend receivable 2
Loan: investment income 2
(3) Borrow: bank deposit 2
Loan: dividend receivable 2
Exercise 2
1. Objective To practice the accounting of held-to-maturity investments.
II. Information
On January 2, 27, Company D purchased a batch of 5-year bonds with one-time principal repayment and planned to hold them until maturity. The total face value of this batch of bonds is 1 million yuan, and the annual interest rate is 6%. At that time, the market interest rate was 4%, and the actual payment price was 1,89,88 yuan. The relevant taxes and fees at the time of purchase are omitted. Bond interest is paid once every six months, and the interest payment date is July 1 and January 1 of each year.
iii. It is required that
the investment income of the last bond investment of Company D should be confirmed by the effective interest rate method, and the following table should be filled out (one integer should be reserved for the calculation result).
interest income calculation table unit: RMB 1,
interest receivable for periods
① = face value ×3% actual interest income
② = amortization amount of ⑤×2% premium in the previous period
③ = ①-② unamortized premium
④ = bond amortized cost in the previous period ④-③
⑤ = face value+④. >1 3 21796 824 8164 18164
2 3 21632 8368 73236 173236
3 3 21465 8535 6471 16471
4 3 21294 876 55995 155995
5 3 21 12 888 47115 147115
6 3 2942 958 3857 13857
7 3 2761 9239 28818 128818
8 3 2576 9424 19394 119394
9 3 2388 9612 97 82 19782
1 3 2218 9782 1
Total 3 21192 8988
Exercise 3
1. How to divide various securities investments in accounting?
a: according to the management intention, securities investment is divided into trading financial assets, available-for-sale financial assets, held-to-maturity investments and long-term stock equity investments. Transactional financial assets refer to financial assets purchased and held for recent sale, such as stocks, bonds and funds purchased for recent sale. Available-for-sale investment in financial assets refers to the part of financial assets that is not clearly held after purchase. In other words, the management authorities have no clear intention to hold these financial assets to a predetermined maturity date. Held-to-maturity investment refers to the part of investment with fixed maturity date and fixed or determinable recovery amount, and the enterprise has clear intention and ability to hold it to maturity. Long-term stock investment is to invest long-term capital in the invested enterprise by buying stocks.
2. What is the difference between the accounting treatment of trading financial assets and available-for-sale financial assets?
a: the differences between the two accounting treatments are as follows: ① the transaction taxes and fees incurred at the time of purchase belong to the reduction of investment income of transactional financial assets; If it is an available-for-sale financial asset, it will be included in the initial cost. ② At the end of the holding period, although both of them adopt fair value, there are differences in the handling of changes in fair value: transactional financial assets are directly included in the current profit and loss, while available-for-sale financial assets are temporarily included in the capital reserve. (3) During the holding period, the impairment loss of available-for-sale financial assets can be confirmed according to regulations, but not for trading financial assets.
"Intermediate Financial Accounting (I)" Unit Exercise (4)
Exercise 1
1. Objective To practice the calculation of depreciation of fixed assets.
II. Information
On January 3, 29, the company (general taxpayer) purchased a piece of equipment with a purchase price of 4, yuan and a value-added tax of 68, yuan. During the installation, the labor cost is 9 yuan, and the raw material 1 yuan is used, and the value-added tax rate is 17%. The equipment is expected to be used for 5 years, and the estimated net salvage value is 4, yuan.
III. Requirements
Calculate the following indicators (list the calculation process)
1. Original price of the equipment when it is delivered for use;
2. Annual depreciation of equipment calculated by the average life method;
3. The annual depreciation of equipment calculated by the double declining balance method and the sum of years method (keep the number of integers for the calculation results).
answer: 1. The original price of the equipment when it is delivered for use = 4,+68,+9,+1,+17 = 478,17 (yuan)
2. The annual depreciation calculated by the average life method = (478,17-4,)/5 = 94,834 (yuan). 5 = 4%
annual depreciation in 29 = 478,17× 4% = 191,268 yuan
annual depreciation in p>21 = (478,17-191,268 )× 4% = 114,761 yuan
annual depreciation in p>211. Depreciation in 213 = (478,17-191,268-114,76.8-68,856.48-4)/2 = 496,42 (yuan)
(2) Sum of years method
Depreciation in 29 = (478,17-4)
annual depreciation in p>21 = (47817-4) × 4/15 = 126445 (yuan)
annual depreciation in p>211 = (47817-4) × 3/15 = 94834 (yuan)
in p>212.
II. Information
In January p>27, H Company developed a non-patented technology with an account value of 3 million yuan. At the beginning, it was impossible to predict the period when the technology would bring economic benefits to the enterprise. At the end of 27 and 28, the estimated recoverable amount of this intangible asset was 3.2 million yuan and 2.9 million yuan respectively. At the beginning of 29, it is estimated that the non-patented technology can continue to be used for 4 years, and the estimated recoverable amount at the end of the year is 2.6 million yuan. H Company adopts the straight-line method for amortization of intangible assets.
III. Requirements
How did the accounting treatment of H Company at the end of each year from 27 to 21 be carried out for the above non-patented technology? Please explain the reasons and make necessary accounting entries.
Answer: As the expected benefits of this intangible asset can not be realized at first, intangible assets whose service life is not confirmed should be tested for impairment at the end of each year and accounted for:
Therefore, in 27 and 28, their accounting was provision for impairment:
At the end of 27, the recoverable amount was RMB 3.2 million, which was greater than its book value, and there was no impairment. Therefore, for the intangible assets, The book value is still 3 million yuan.
at the end of p>28, its recoverable amount was 2.9 million yuan, which was less than its book value, and it was impaired. The impairment amount to be accrued was = 3 million-29 = 1, yuan. After provision for impairment, its book value is 29, and the accounting treatment is as follows:
Debit: impairment loss of assets is 1
Loan: impairment loss of intangible assets is 1
At the beginning of 29, it was determined to have a limited life (4 years), so the annual amortization amount is = 29/4 = 725, yuan.
Accounting treatment of amortization amount accrued in p>29:
Borrowing: management expenses (or manufacturing expenses, etc.) 72.5
Loan: accumulative amortization of 72.5
At this time, its book value = 2.9-72.5 = 2.175 million yuan
and the impairment test was carried out, and the recoverable amount was greater than its book value without impairment. Leave it untreated.
In p>21, amortization will continue to be accrued:
Borrow: management expenses (or manufacturing expenses, etc.) 72.5
Loan: cumulative amortization 72.5
Topic 3
1. What is investment real estate (please give an example)? How to carry out its subsequent measurement?
a: investment real estate refers to real estate held to earn rent or capital appreciation, or both. Investment real estate should be able to be measured and sold separately. The follow-up measurement of investment real estate can adopt cost model or fair value model. The optimal model for subsequent measurement of investment real estate is the cost model, while the fair value model can only be selected when certain conditions are met. To measure investment real estate by fair value model, two conditions should be met: (1) there is an active real estate trading market; (2) The market price of similar or similar real estate and other relevant information can be obtained from the real estate trading market. In addition, if an enterprise originally measured an investment real estate at fair value, even if comparable market transactions become infrequent or the market price becomes difficult to obtain, it should still be measured at fair value until the investment real estate is disposed of for personal use or developed by the enterprise for future sales in the normal course of business.
2. how to deal with the expenses incurred by enterprises in internal R&D activities in accounting?
a: ① according to the intangible assets standards, all the expenses in the research stage of the enterprise are expensed and included in the current profit and loss (management expenses);
② If the R&D expenditure incurred by an enterprise in developing intangible assets by itself does not meet the capitalization conditions, debit the account of R&D expenditure-capitalized expenditure, and credit the account of raw materials, bank deposits and employee salaries payable.
③ If intangible assets are formed after reaching the intended purpose, the account of "intangible assets" shall be debited and the account of "R&D expenditure-capitalized expenditure" shall be credited.