1, collector
Heat collecting elements in the system. Its function is equivalent to the electric heating tube in the electric water heater. Different from electric water heaters and gas water heaters, solar collectors use the radiant heat of the sun, so the heating time can only be when the solar irradiance reaches a certain value.
2. Heat preservation water tank
A container for storing hot water. The hot water collected by the collector tube must be stored in the heat preservation water tank to prevent heat loss. The capacity of solar water heater refers to the water capacity that can be used in the water heater, excluding the capacity that cannot be used in the vacuum tube. For the pressure-bearing solar water heater, its capacity refers to the capacity of the medium that can exchange heat.
Step 3 support
Shelves for supporting heat collectors and heat preservation water tanks. It requires firm structure, high stability, snow resistance, aging resistance and no rust. The material is generally stainless steel, aluminum alloy or steel spraying.
Step 4 connect the pipes
The solar water heater first sends cold water to the heat storage tank, and then sends heat to the heat preservation tank through the heat collector. The hot water storage tank is connected with indoor cold and hot water pipes, so that the whole system forms a closed loop. The reasonable design and correct connection of solar energy pipes are very important for the solar energy system to achieve the best working condition. The solar energy pipeline must be insulated, and a heat tracing belt needs to be laid on the outer wall of the pipeline in the northern cold area to ensure that users can use solar hot water in cold winter.
5. Control components
General household solar water heaters need automatic or semi-automatic operation, and the control system is essential. Commonly used controllers include automatic water supply, total water cut-off and display of water temperature and water level. The solar water heater with charging auxiliary heating also has the functions of leakage protection and dry burning prevention. There is an intelligent solar water heater controlled by SMS in the market, which has the functions of water temperature and water level query, fault alarm, water supply start, water supply shut-off, electric heating start and so on, which is convenient for users.
Working principle:
Solar water heaters convert solar energy into heat energy and heat water from low temperature to high temperature to meet people's hot water use in life and production. Solar water heaters are divided into vacuum tube solar water heaters and flat plate solar water heaters according to their structural forms, with vacuum tube solar water heaters as the main one, accounting for 95% of the domestic market share. Vacuum tube household solar water heater is composed of collector tube, water storage tank, bracket and other related accessories. The conversion of solar energy into heat energy mainly depends on the collector tube. The collector tube uses the principle of hot water floating and cold water sinking to make the water produce microcirculation and reach the required hot water.