In the long history, there is always such a group of people: they have profound wisdom, lofty aspirations and incomparable perseverance. They have made outstanding contributions to the development of society, set an example for future generations and had a far-reaching impact on future generations. Their names are known to future generations, and people will always remember them. This is a celebrity. The following is the story of Bell and celebrities that I compiled for you. Welcome to share.
Bell's Story Celebrity Story 1 Today, the telephone has entered thousands of households. Do you know who invented the telephone?
Bell is the man who invented the telephone. He was born in England on 1847. When he was young, he and his father taught the deaf together. He wants to make a machine that can make deaf people see sound with their eyes.
1873, Bell, who became a professor at Boston University in the United States, began to study the device of transmitting multiple telegrams on the same line-multiplex telegrams, and he sprouted the idea of using electricity to transmit people's voices to far places and let people thousands of miles away talk face to face. So bell began to study the telephone.
That was June 2nd, 1875. Bell and his assistant Watson are experimenting with multiple telegrams in two rooms respectively. An accidental accident inspired Bell. In Watson's room, there is a spring stuck to the magnet of the telegraph. When Watson pulled it away, it shook. At the same time, Bell was surprised to find that the spring on the telegraph in his room vibrated and made a sound. It is the current that transmits vibration from one room to another. Bell's mind suddenly broadened. He thought: If a person speaks to a piece of iron, the sound will cause the iron to vibrate; If an electromagnet is placed behind the iron sheet, the vibration of the iron sheet will inevitably produce large and small currents in the electromagnet coil. This fluctuating current travels far away along the wire, so won't the same vibration and sound appear on similar equipment in the distance? In this way, the sound travels far away along the wire. Isn't this the dream phone!
Bell and Watson made the telephone according to this new idea. In an experiment, a drop of sulfuric acid splashed on Bell's leg, causing him to shout, "Mr. Watson, I need you, please come to me!" " "This sentence is the phone through the wire to Watson's ear, the phone succeeded! 1On March 7th, 876, Bell became the patentee of telephone invention.
Bell obtained 18 patents in his life and 12 patents in cooperation with others. He envisions burying telephone lines in the ground or hanging them in the air, and connecting them to houses, villages and factories ... so that you can make phone calls directly from anywhere. Today, Bell's vision has become a reality.
Bell's story 2: the story of a celebrity Baird, an Englishman, is the inventor and inventor of television (that is, cameras and television signal receivers). He, Philo farnsworth and Vladimir Zworrygin independently invented television.
1925 One day, the biggest department store in London was crowded with customers. Crowds of customers flocked to two adjacent rooms in the shop. It is said that someone has invented a machine that can copy the received images.
The audience came unexpectedly, but returned disappointed. Because all they see are vague shadows and flickering outlines.
"This is not a boast? What image is this? "
"The pursuit of advertising effect, not telling the truth, should sue the so-called inventor". It's not his fault, it's the boss's bad idea. People talk about it, and some enthusiasts keep asking the inventor, "Why don't you make the image clear?" "Can you pass us an animal or something?"
"Sorry, I'm sorry. There is no way for the current technology. " Baird answered people's questions helplessly and clumsily.
Baird is a British young man under 20 years old. At that time, radio technology had been widely used in communication and broadcasting. Many inventors in the world, including the greatest scientists and engineering masters, want to invent TV sets that can broadcast live. But none of them succeeded. Baird was determined to invent television.
Baird built a crude laboratory in Hastings, southwest England. But he had no experimental funds, so he had to use a washbasin as a framework and connect it with a broken tea box. On the box, a motor picked up from the waste pile is installed, which can rotate a "scanning circular basin" made of toilet paper and perforated around it, as well as a projector lamp in an old biscuit box. Several lenses and parts removed from scrapped military TV sets. All these messy things were connected by Baird with glue, string and wire, which became the experimental device for his invention of the machine. Baird knows the principle of television: the scene to be sent should be divided into many dark or bright dots, and then sent out in the form of electrical signals, and finally reproduced at the receiving end.
Baird did experiments in his humble laboratory year after year, and his experimental devices were assembled and disassembled, disassembled and assembled. After 18 years of hard work, Baird successfully launched the cross flower in the spring of 1924. But the launch distance is only 3 meters, and the image is flickering, just an outline.
In order to find out the reason why the image is unclear, Baird started a new experiment. He thinks the reason may be insufficient voltage? So he connected hundreds of dry batteries. He connected the circuit, but accidentally touched a bare connecting wire with his left hand, and the voltage as high as 20xx volts immediately knocked him to the ground, and he fainted. The next day's London Daily Express immediately reported the news of Baird's electric shock with headlines. Baird once became a news figure in Britain.
Baird had a brainwave and used newspapers to raise money for him. He managed to give a physical performance for the reporters. A tabloid produced a newsletter. The boss of a radio station in London heard the news. Offer funds. But you have to collect half the profits from the invention.
Baird agreed to such a harsh request. His experimental device was transported from Hastings to London.
But the funds soon ran out. There seems to be no major breakthrough in his experiment.
The owner of a department store came to sign a contract with him again. Pay him 25 pounds a week. All materials are provided free of charge. But Baird must perform in front of his shop.
The live performance was another failure. Life in Baird is getting harder and harder. No money to eat, no money to pay rent. He had to reluctantly sell the parts of the equipment to make a living. Two cousins in his hometown sent him 500 pounds after learning that Baird was desperate. Baird was saved, and he immediately put himself into the experiment again.
The day of success has finally arrived. The facial features of the puppet head "Bill" who accompanied him all day were clearly displayed on the receiver. It was the early morning of 1925 10.
"Success, success" Baird shouted excitedly and rushed downstairs. Catch a young man in a shop, drag him upstairs and put him in the position of "Bill". The young man trembled with fear, but after a few seconds, he also shouted in surprise: "This is a miracle, this is a miracle." Because Baird's face is reflected in his "magic mirror".
Baird finally shocked Britain, and people who funded him flocked to him. Baird updated the equipment. Start a larger experiment.
1928, Baird passed the portrait of the London studio to a recipient in new york.
Soon, a new miracle appeared. Baird sent a photo of a London girl to her fiance who was sailing at sea.
Baird's name spread all over the world. He applied to set up a TV broadcasting business in Britain, but he was not approved. But more and more people demand TV broadcasting. The question was submitted to parliament and had a heated and long debate. Parliament decided to start TV broadcasting.
1In the autumn of 936, BBC officially broadcast TV programs from London. At this time, Baird began to study color TV again.
194 1 65438+February, the first batch of perfect color images transmitted by Baird was successful. Unfortunately, Baird's laboratory was destroyed by Hitler's missiles. But Baird continued his research. 1one day in June, 946, the BBC began to broadcast color TV programs, but Baird, who was overworked, fell ill on this day and did not watch his research results. Six days later, he died at the age of 58.
At the south kensington Science Museum, visitors can see Baird's first TV set and his puppet Bill who has been with him for many years. Bill grinned, as if telling tourists the story of Baird's hard invention, and as if rejoicing in Baird's success.
Bell's Story Celebrity Story 3 "I know that my destiny is in my own hands, and I know that great success is coming." Bell once confidently announced this to the world.
Bell 1847 was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on March 3rd. His father is a voice physiologist and an expert in correcting speech and teaching deaf people.
1862, Bell entered the famous University of Edinburgh in England and chose phonetics as his major. Bell made rapid progress by summing up his parents' experience. 1867 After graduation, he entered the University of London to study linguistics.
At this time, a massive lung disease occurred in England. Bell lost two brothers, and his father moved to Canada with his family to escape the plague.
From 65438 to 0869, 22-year-old Bell was employed as a professor of linguistics at Boston University, teaching acoustics. In the more than 20 years after the invention of Morse telegraph, countless scientists tried to transmit sound directly with current, and Bell also took the invention of telephone as his bounden responsibility. However, because the telephone transmits continuous signals, rather than discontinuous on-off signals like telegrams, it was as difficult as going to heaven at that time.
He tried to show the deaf-mute people "words" with continuous vibration curves, but failed. But in the experiment, he found an interesting phenomenon: every time the current is cut off, the coil will make a "tick" sound similar to Morse code. Jambers boldly imagined that if the current intensity can be used to simulate the change of sound, then the current can't be used to transmit sound?
In the next two years, Nebel worked hard to master electricity. With a solid knowledge of linguistics, he seemed to have wings. He resigned as a professor and devoted himself to the experiment of inventing the telephone. When everything was ready and only one collaborator was needed, he happened to meet Watson, an electrical engineer aged 18.
Two years later, after numerous failures, they finally made two rough prototypes: the center of the film at the bottom of the cylinder was connected with a carbon rod inserted with sulfuric acid. When people speak, the vibration of the membrane changes the resistance and the current, and then the electric signal is changed back to sound by electromagnetic principle at the receiving place. Unfortunately, the experiment failed, and their voices were transmitted to each other through the ceiling of the apartment instead of the machine.
While they were thinking hard, the tinkling sound of the guitar outside the window reminded them that the sensitivity of the microphone and receiver was too low! They made their own speakers, improved the machine for two days and two nights in a row, and then began experiments. At first, Watson only heard the hissing current from the receiver. Finally, he heard Bell's clear voice: "Mr. Watson, come quickly!" " I need you! "
1On the evening of June 2, 875, Bell was 28 years old and Watson was 2 1 year old.
They struck while the iron was hot, and after half a year's improvement, they finally made the world's first practical telephone. 1March 3, 876 (Bell's 29th birthday), Bell's patent application was approved.
In fact, a few hours after Bell patented the telephone, another outstanding inventor Eliza Gray also patented his telephone. Due to the difference of several hours, the US Supreme Court ruled that Bell was the inventor of the telephone. After returning to Boston, the two continued to improve it and seized every opportunity to promote it. Two years later, on 1878, Bell conducted the first long-distance telephone test between Boston and Watson, new york, which were more than 300 kilometers apart, and achieved the same success as Morse 3 1 year ago. The difference is that they hold a popular science publicity meeting, and the audience on both sides can talk to each other.
There was a small problem in the middle: the black singer who performed the last program was too nervous to make a sound after hearing Bell's voice in the distance, and Beljean Watson, who used his quick wits, took his place. Watson's brave singing made the audience on both sides burst into applause and laughter from time to time, and the experiment was a complete success.
1877, the year after Bell invented the telephone, the first telephone line in Boston was opened, connecting Charles Williams' factory with his private residence in Somerville. It was also in this year that someone sent news information to the Boston Globe by telephone for the first time, and the era of using public telephones began. 1922, Bell died in Badek at the age of 75.
Bell's Story Celebrity Story 41847 On March 3rd, alexander bell was born in Edinburgh, England. His father and grandfather are both famous linguists.
Influenced by his family, Bell was very interested in languages when he was a child. He likes to keep small animals such as sparrows and mice. He thinks the sounds of animals are beautiful. When he was in primary school, his books often contained insects, mice and the like besides textbooks. Once, the teacher was telling a story about the Bible. Suddenly, the mouse in his schoolbag jumped out, and the students avoided calling, which made the classroom a mess. The teacher was furious and felt that such students could not teach.
Soon, Bell's father sent Bell to his grandfather in London. Although the kind old man loves his grandson very much, he is very strict with his grandson. Grandpa knows the learning psychology of teenagers like the back of his hand. Instead of rote learning, he forced Bell to learn knowledge from books, but started with cultivating Bell's interest in learning. Gradually, Bell developed a strong thirst for knowledge, improved his academic performance and became an excellent student. Bell later recalled: "My grandfather made me realize that every student should know ordinary courses, but I didn't. This is a shame. He aroused my desire to study hard. "
A year later, Bell returned to his hometown Edinburgh. There is a mill near his home. Bell thinks this old-fashioned water mill is too laborious and needs to be improved. So he consulted all kinds of books and designed a sketch of an improved water mill. Although the picture is not standardized, the idea is ingenious. After processing by craftsmen, the water mill has become very flexible and much more labor-saving than before. Since then, he has become a well-known "little inventor".
Bell saw the significance of invention and creation from here. Every invention will benefit a large number of people and is a cornerstone of human progress.
From 65438 to 0869, Bell, 22, was employed by Boston University and became a professor of phonetics in this university. Besides teaching, Bell also studies teaching equipment.
Once, Bell found an interesting phenomenon when he was doing the experiment of "visual language" used by the deaf-mute: when the current was cut off, the spiral coil would make noise, just like the "beep" sound made by the telegraph when it sent Morse code.
"Electricity can make a sound! Bell, who is quick-thinking, immediately thought: "If the intensity of current can be changed to simulate the change of sound waves when people speak, then current can not only transmit signals like telegrams, but also transmit sounds made by people. In other words, humans can use electricity to transmit sound. "
The more bell thought about it, the more excited he became. He thought, "This must be a valuable idea." So he told his friends in the field of electrical engineering, hoping to get useful advice from them. However, when these electrical experts heard this strange idea, some dismissed it, some laughed it off, and one even said rudely, "As long as you read more books about electrical common sense, you won't have this fantasy."
Bell was rejected, but he was not depressed. He decided to ask Mr. Henry, the master of electromagnetism.
After listening to Bell's account, Henry smiled and said, "That's a good idea! I think you will succeed! "
"Dear sir, I study phonetics, but I don't know electromagnetism." Bell said timidly, "I'm afraid it's hard to come true." "Then you can learn." Henry said flatly.
With Henry's affirmation and encouragement, Bell felt clearer and firmer. He secretly made up his mind: "I must invent the telephone."
Since then, Bell has plunged into the library, and started reading "Common Sense of Electricity" to master the latest electromagnetic research trends.
With a solid knowledge of electromagnetic theory, Bell began to prepare for the experiment. He invited 18-year-old electrical technician Watson as an experimental assistant.
Then, Bell and Watson started the experiment. They were locked in the laboratory all day, repeatedly designing schemes and processing, but failed again and again. "I think you will succeed", Henry's words have been echoing in Bell's ears, inspiring Bell to devote himself to R&D with full enthusiasm.
Time flies, two spring and autumn years have passed.
1875 In May, Bell and Watson developed two rough prototypes. These two prototypes are covered with a film at the bottom of a cylinder, and a carbon rod is vertically connected to the center of the film and inserted into sulfuric acid solution. In this way, when people talk to it, the film vibrates, the contact resistance between carbon rod and sulfuric acid changes, and the current also changes; When receiving, due to the change of current, changing sound waves are generated. Therefore, sound transmission is realized.
But after verification, the two prototypes still can't talk. The experiment failed again.
After repeated research and inspection, Bell confirmed that there were no problems in the design and manufacture of the prototype. "But why did it fail?" Bell thought hard.
One night, Bell stood at the window, frowning deeply in thought. Suddenly, there was melodious guitar sound in the distance. That voice is crisp and deep, wonderful!
"By the way, Watson, we should make a speaker to improve the sensitivity of the sound." Bell was inspired by the sound of the guitar.
So, the two immediately designed a production plan. There were no materials at that time, so they removed the bed board. After several hours of fighting, the speaker finally succeeded.
1on June 2, 875, they tested the prototype with a sound box. Bell is in the lab and Watson is at the other end of several rooms. While adjusting the machine, Bell shouted into the microphone.
Suddenly, while operating, Bell accidentally spilled sulfuric acid on his leg. He couldn't help shouting: "Mr. Watson, come quickly, I need you!" " "
"I heard it, I heard it." Watson rushed from the other end happily. He forgot to look at where Bell was injured and hugged him tightly. Bell also forgot the pain at this time, and tears filled his eyes with excitement.
That night, Bell couldn't sleep. He got up at midnight and wrote a letter to his mother. In the letter, he wrote:
"Today is a big day for me. Our ideal has finally come true! In the future, telephones will enter homes like tap water and gas. People can talk at home without going out. "
However, people are indifferent to the birth of this new thing, thinking that it can only be used to play games and has no practical value.
On the one hand, Bell perfected the prototype, on the other hand, he used every opportunity to publicize the use value of the telephone.
Two years later, at 1878, Bell conducted the first long-distance telephone test between Boston and new york (300 kilometers apart), and the result was also successful. Since then, telephones have rapidly spread in major cities in North America.
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