Captain Marconi of France and Henry Kangda of Romania were the first people in the world to put forward the theory of jet propulsion. Kangda also trial-produced the earliest jet plane around 19 10, and made a prototype.
In the late 1920s, Frank Whittle, then an instructor of the British Air Force, put forward the idea of jet engine and applied for a patent at 1930. But at that time, whittle's idea sounded as incredible as sending a man to the moon, and aircraft manufacturers were not interested in it. It was not until 1935 that things turned around. With the support of some air force personnel and the financial support of bankers, whittle was able to set up Power Jet Co., Ltd.. 1June, 935, whittle began to design and manufacture real jet engines. Together with his colleagues, he developed from scratch, part by part, and finally made the first running turbojet engine.
Almost at the same time as whittle, German von Ohen was also developing a turbojet engine, which made its first flight in September 1937. With the support of Henkel Aircraft Company, the He 178 aircraft equipped with Hes3B turbojet engine developed by von Ohen Company successfully made its first flight on August 27th, 1939, becoming the first jet aircraft in the world.
The earliest inventor of jet plane was a German aircraft designer. 1939, Henkel, an aircraft designer, sought the cooperation of Ohain, who suffered setbacks in developing jet engines, and they hit it off. Ohain is a gas turbine expert. He started developing turbine engines from 1934 and made some progress. He is very excited to cooperate with Henkel this time. Two ambitious young people work closely together to coordinate their work. One has designed an airplane, the other has designed a gas turbine engine, and the research work is progressing smoothly. On August 27th, 1939, the He- 178 jet fighter made its first flight successfully, marking the arrival of the upper-middle jet flight era in human aviation.
However, after the successful operation of whittle "U" jet engine, the British Air Force still thinks that this new type of engine is only a long-term idea, so there is no need to worry, so it lags behind the Germans in the development of jet aircraft. It was not until May 194 1 that Britain's first jet plane took off for the first time amid all the noise.
1August, 942, the test flight of Comet was completed and the production was finalized. The jet engine used in the plane can generate 2000 kilograms of thrust, and the maximum flight speed can reach 953 kilometers per hour, and it is equipped with two guns. Comet entered the war on 1944, the day when the Germans were gradually defeated. With its unique high-speed advantage, the comet shot down three advanced American fighter planes P-5 1, and then "killed" two B- 17 bombers. For a time, the "Comet" jet fighter was famous in the air battlefield.
However, the jet fighter is still a brand-new technology. "Comet" has an advantage in speed, but its performance in many aspects is far less than that of the excellent piston fighter at that time. After studying and understanding the "comet", the allied forces quickly discovered its weakness and made a resolute and ingenious counterattack, which made the "comet" unable to play its role and became a "short-lived ghost". But there is no doubt that comet, as the earliest jet fighter in the world, has a special position in the history of human aviation.
1942, Messerschmitt developed the jet fighter Me-262, and its performance was obviously improved. It is equipped with two Yongke companies.
For turbojet engines, the thrust generated by * * * reaches 1800kg, and the flight test speed is 870km/h ... the earliest practical jet fighter in the world. 1June, 944, it set a record in the first month after it was put into air combat, causing 22 allied planes to be destroyed and killed. The pilots of the German Air Force proudly call it "the king of the air".
During World War II, the jet fighters equipped by the Allied Forces were only "meteors" made in Britain. In fact, the patent of turbojet engine was obtained by whittle in the 1930' s. Due to the lack of attention from the British authorities, the development of jet fighters was very slow, and the Germans came from behind. It was not until March 1943 that this jet fighter named "Meteor" was successfully tested. This is the heir of the world.
The second practical jet fighter after German Me-262. The maximum speed of the first batch of products is 675 kilometers per hour, and it has been continuously improved since then, mainly because the technology of jet engines is becoming more and more mature, making the maximum speed of meteors reach 793 kilometers per hour.
Meteor and Me-262 jet fighters were equipped with allied forces and German forces respectively, but they failed to tell the winner in the air phase of World War II.
The birth of jet engine provides reliable power for people to pursue faster and higher flight goals. As soon as the jet plane was born, it broke the record of flying speed and altitude created by the piston one after another. 1944, the first jet fighters from Germany and Britain were put into use. 1949, the first British jetliner, Comet, made its first flight. Since then, the history of human aviation has entered the jet age. Today, most of the world's combat aircraft and trunk passenger airliners have been jetted.