This technology is the patent achievement of Liu Yongchang, a famous "king of edible fungi" and "national science and technology hero" after years of painstaking exploration and invention. Included in the national key promotion plan of scientific and technological achievements and the national spark plan. Using sawdust, straw and other agricultural and forestry wastes as raw materials to replace plastic greenhouses, it is cultivated in land and woodland orchards, with an investment of 40,000-5,000 yuan per mu 10000 bags, a dry spike yield of 400-500 kg, a net income of more than 2-3 months, and multi-season cultivation every year. Wide range of raw materials, short cycle and high benefit. Compared with wood segment cultivation, the yield of this technology is increased by 24.6 times and the period is shortened by 10 times.
Liu Yongchang boldly adopted the growth mode of wild auricularia auricula, so that auricularia auricula cultivation "originated from nature and returned to nature". The patented strains of Auricularia auricula 888 and 998 are resistant to miscellaneous bacteria and omnivorous bacteria, effectively limiting the infection of miscellaneous bacteria, with large flowers, thick meat and black color, and the yield is reliably guaranteed. Appraised by experts organized by Liaoning Science and Technology Commission, this technology includes "five breakthroughs" and "six technical improvements", which is "a revolution in auricularia auricula cultivation". Liaoning Provincial Planning Commission, Science and Technology Commission and Finance Department set up "Liaoning Plastic Bag Auricularia auricula Planting Promotion Center" in our company. This technology has been popularized for more than 10 years, and more than 65,438+farmers have been lifted out of poverty and become rich, with a cumulative output value of more than 3 billion yuan.
Auricularia auricula is a famous delicacy and a traditional health food, which is called "meat in vegetarian diet". Professor Hester of the University of Minnesota in the United States shows that auricularia auricula can reduce human thrombosis and has a miraculous effect on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; American George? According to the research of Washington University, auricularia auricula polysaccharide has obvious inhibitory effect on cancer cells, which has set off a "auricularia auricula fever" among the European and American people. Auricularia auricula is the food with the highest iron content, and its iron content is 1850 times that of milk. It is a scavenger of human respiratory tract and intestine, and it is labor insurance food for textile, mining and barber workers. Professor Hong Zhaoguang, a famous medical scientist in China, listed auricularia auricula as a black food that human beings must eat every day, and everyone should eat at least 5 grams every day. According to this calculation, China's population of 65.438+0.2 billion needs more than 2 million tons of auricularia every year, while China's current annual output of auricularia is only about 60,000 tons.
Artificial cultivation of Auricularia auricula is only available in China, and there is no international competition. Auricularia auricula is a traditional export commodity in China and has been exported to more than 100 countries and regions.
The price of auricularia auricula in the international market is ten times or even dozens of times that of China. The price of high-quality black fungus in the United States is $30,000/ton, the price of fresh (water) fungus in Germany is 40 marks/kg, and the price of fresh (water) fungus in the United States is $8/pound. A few kilograms of high-quality dried fungus can be exchanged for a ton of high-quality wheat.
Auricularia auricula cultivation originated in Qinba Mountain area in the 6th century, with a history of 1400 years. It is the first cultivated edible fungus. The traditional cultivation method is cutting wood segments. Since 1980s, Liu Yongchang, the chairman of Quanhe Company and the famous "king of edible fungi", has invented the technology of planting auricularia auricula in plastic bags after more than ten years' efforts. Using sawdust and straw as raw materials, the history of cultivating auricularia auricula with wood in China was ended. Putting 10,000 bags per mu, the period is about 3 months, which is110 of wood segments, and the benefit is 1.5 million yuan/mu, which is 7.9 times that of wood segment cultivation. With the support of the State Science and Technology Commission, it was quickly popularized throughout the country.
In order to protect forest resources and ecological environment in forest areas, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council began to implement natural forest protection projects after the floods in 1998. It is explicitly forbidden to plant edible fungi in wood sections, and it is controlled to plant auricularia auricula in wood sections. At present, the output of auricularia auricula has been declining.
Using modern biotechnology and mechanized equipment, it is urgent to produce auricularia auricula in a large scale, factory and standardization, improve the current cultivation level and meet the expanding market demand.
The technology of cultivating auricularia auricula in plastic bags is a patented technology invented by Liu Yongchang, chairman of our company. It was listed as "National Key Popularization Plan of Scientific and Technological Achievements" and "Seventh Five-Year Plan for Poverty Alleviation" by 1994, and was recognized as "Five Great Inventions" and "Six Great Improvements" by experts. Bringing auricularia auricula from the forest area to the fields has made hundreds of thousands of farmers in the country rich. 654.38 billion bags are cultivated every year in China, with an annual output of more than 30,000 tons of dry panicles.
Like other new technologies of edible fungi, the common "black fungus planted in plastic bags" was advanced and leading in the year of invention, but in the face of today's new inventions, it showed many shortcomings. The cost of production and operation, the time occupied by labor input and the risks suffered by edible fungi cultivation are all concentrated in the stage of seed production and bag making before mushroom production. The use of solid strains, handed down from generation to generation, has many disadvantages such as long cycle, great pollution, high cost, labor-consuming, uneven ears, unfavorable seasonal grasp and so on. It is not only difficult to achieve scale and standardization, but also has various potential risks.
Quanhe Fungus Industry integrates the scientific and technological achievements of nearly 20 years, absorbs the latest achievements of related disciplines of edible fungi at home and abroad, applies liquid strains and automatic production lines to the cultivation of auricularia auricula, and launches a new project of "liquid strains instead of bags to cultivate auricularia auricula", which is popularized throughout the country to build an industrial base. First, it can make thousands of households use the liquid strain culture device to produce quickly, efficiently and safely; Second, we can build a standardized strain bag factory to produce strain bags quickly and with high quality, and at the same time, it can also drive thousands of households; Thirdly, a standardized and perennial auricularia auricula factory ("Quanhe Mushroom Factory") can be built, which is an internationally leading modern auricularia auricula factory with assembly line production, daily production and biotechnology preservation. This project makes auricularia auricula cultivation move towards scale, standardization and industrialization. The production of auricularia auricula changed from multiplication to simplification, the cycle from long to short, the cost from high to low, the pollution from less to less, the ears were uneven, and the quality was guaranteed.
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