Goat and sheep disease prevention. I have collected some information for reference:
1. Immunization: The following are the main diseases of sheep in the country, which can be selected according to the types of local diseases.
(1) Anthrax spore vaccine No. Ⅱ: prevent anthrax in sheep. Inject 1ml subcutaneously, immunity will develop 14 days after injection, and the immunity period will be one year.
(2) Brucellosis porcine vaccine: prevents brucellosis. Inject 0.5ml intramuscularly (containing 5 billion bacteria). Lambs under 3 months old, pregnant ewes, and sheep positive for the disease cannot be injected.
When using the drinking water immunization method, the dosage is calculated as 20 billion bacteria per sheep, and it is drunk in two doses within 2 days: drinking water should generally be stopped for half a day before taking the vaccine to ensure that each sheep can Drink a certain amount of water. The vaccine should be diluted in cold water and fed quickly for best results. The immunity period is tentatively scheduled for 2 years.
(3) Triple inactivated vaccine for sheep rapid epidemic, sudden attack and enterotoxemia: 5ml is injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly into lambs and adult sheep. Immunity will develop 14 days after injection, and the immunity period is 6 moon.
(4) Lamb colibacillosis inactivated vaccine: Lambs under 3 months old should be injected subcutaneously with 0.5~1.0ml; sheep aged 3 months to 1 year old should be injected with 2ml subcutaneously. Immunity will develop 14 days after injection. The immunity period is 5 months.
(5) Aluminum hydroxide formaldehyde pentavalent inactivated vaccine for sheep anaerobic bacteria: prevents sheep rapid epidemic, sudden attack, enterotoxemia, lamb dysentery and black epidemic. Regardless of age, 5ml is injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Immunity will develop 14 days after injection, and the immunity period will be 6 months.
(6) Mycoplasma ovis pneumoniae aluminum hydroxide inactivated vaccine: prevents the infectious surname pleuropneumonia caused by Mycoplasma ovis pneumoniae. 2ml is injected subcutaneously in the neck for young sheep under 6 months old and 3ml for adult sheep. The immunity period is more than one and a half years.
(7) Attenuated sheeppox chicken embryonated vaccine: The freeze-dried vaccine is diluted 25 times with physiological saline according to the amount of vaccine marked on the bottle label, shaken evenly, and 0.5ml is injected subcutaneously regardless of age. Immunity develops 6 days after injection, and the immunity period is 1 year.
(8) Attenuated goatpox vaccine: prevent goatpox in goats and sheep. Subcutaneous injection of 0.5~1.0ml, immunity period is 1 year.
(9) Foot-and-mouth disease vaccine:
1. Characteristics of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine
The vaccine should be an emulsion, and a small amount of oil phase is allowed to separate out or the emulsion column is analyzed. layer, if this happens, shake gently to restore uniformity to the emulsion before use. It cannot be used if it breaks emulsification or exceeds the specified stratification (water phase secretion cannot exceed 1/10 according to regulations). Vaccines should be stored in the dark at 2-8°C to prevent freezing.
2. How to use the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine
The foot-and-mouth disease vaccine should be injected intramuscularly, using a 4 cm long 18-gauge needle for sheep and goats.
3. Dosage of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine
Cattle and sheep use type O foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine and sheep type O foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine respectively, both of which are deep intramuscular injections. The dosage is: 1 ml per lamb and 2 ml per adult sheep.
4. Precautions when using vaccines
⑴The syringe and needle should be clean and sterilized by high pressure with moist heat or heated and boiled with clean water for at least 15 minutes. They should not be used. Chemical disinfection; needles are replaced one by one during vaccination, and one syringe is not allowed to be used for two vaccines.
⑵ Before immunization, the animal breed, health status, medical history and immunization history should be understood. Sick, thin, and laboring female animals (10-15 days old) should not be vaccinated. Wait until the sick animal recovers and the female animal has given birth. Make additional notes as required. Vaccinated animals should be kept at rest, quiet and clean. Livestock in epidemic-free areas can only be transported 28 days after injection.
⑶ The vaccine should be kept at low temperature during use and avoid direct sunlight; the injection site should be wiped and disinfected with 70%-75% alcohol cotton or iodine tincture after shearing, and then the disinfected site should be wiped dry with squeezed alcohol cotton. ; The vaccine must be injected into the muscle and must not be injected into fat or subcutaneously.
(4) Strengthen the feeding and management of animals after vaccination. Stopping or reducing food for 1-2 days is a normal reaction. A small number of livestock may have vaccine allergic reactions due to breed and individual conditions. Observation should be strengthened and emergency treatment with epinephrine or other methods should be carried out in a timely manner to reduce losses.
5. Domestic animals can be protected for 4 to 5 months after being immunized.
Vaccines generally cause less reactions. For precautions, refer to Foot and Mouth Vaccine.
2. Regular deworming: mainly deworming.
3. Drug prevention:
4. Regular disinfection:
⑴ Sheep house disinfection: 10-20% lime milk; 10% bleaching powder solution; 0.5 %~1.0% sodium dichloroisocyanurate; 0.5% peracetic acid, etc. Spray disinfection. For isolation houses, if it is a viral disease, use 1% bacteriozolin solution; for other diseases, use 10% clindamycin solution.
⑵ Ground disinfection: 10% bleach solution, 4% formalin
⑶ Fecal disinfection: accumulation and fermentation for about 30 days.
⑷Sewage disinfection: Add 2 to 5g of bleaching powder to 1 liter of sewage.