1. Choose a suitable drainage tube, and choose a single or double cavity, hard or soft, straight or curved drainage tube as needed, and generally choose a thin and soft drainage tube to reduce the stimulation and damage to the tissues in the abdominal cavity.
2. Determine the position of intubation, and choose the appropriate puncture point of abdominal wall according to the purpose of drainage and the nature of drainage fluid. Generally, choose the position far from the main incision, with thin abdominal wall and few blood vessels, such as periumbilical or inguinal area, to avoid leading out from the main incision to prevent incision infection.
3. Disinfect the local skin, disinfect the intubation site and surrounding skin with iodophor or alcohol, cover the sterile hole towel, and prepare for aseptic operation.
4. To puncture the abdominal wall, use sterile gloves to put on a sterile finger cuff, and use a sterile syringe and needle to puncture downward at the puncture point, through the skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle layer, until the obvious resistance disappears when entering the abdominal cavity. At this time, you can suck the liquid in the abdominal cavity to confirm the success of puncture.
5. Insert the drainage tube, pull out the needle, keep the syringe, connect one end of the drainage tube with the syringe, and slowly push the drainage tube along the direction of the needle until it reaches a predetermined depth, generally 1-15cm.
6. Fix the drainage tube, connect the other end of the drainage tube with a sterile drainage bag, and sew the drainage tube with the skin to fix it.
7. Observe the drainage situation, record the quantity, color and quality of the drainage fluid, pay attention to the patency of the drainage tube and drainage bag, change the drainage bag every day, and keep the local area clean and dry to prevent infection.