Laser welding machines are divided into three categories, one is YAG laser welding machine, the second is fiber transmission laser welding machine, and the third is continuous laser welding machine, also known as fiber laser welding machine. Below are the advantages and disadvantages of several welding machines.
A YAG laser welding machine
YAG laser welding uses high-energy pulse laser to weld the workpiece. It uses a pulse xenon lamp as the pump source and ND: YAG as the laser working material. . The laser power supply first pre-burns the pulse xenon lamp, and then discharges the pulse xenon lamp through the laser power supply, causing the xenon lamp to generate light waves of a certain frequency and pulse width. The light waves illuminate the ND:YAG laser crystal through the focusing cavity, thereby stimulating the ND:YAG laser crystal to generate laser light. After passing through the resonant cavity, a pulsed laser with a wavelength of 1064nm is generated. After beam expansion, reflection (or transmission through optical fiber), and focusing, the laser radiates to the surface of the workpiece, causing local melting of the workpiece to achieve welding. The frequency, pulse width, worktable moving speed and moving direction required for welding can all be controlled by PLC or industrial PC, and the laser energy can be controlled by adjusting the current, laser frequency and pulse width.
Advantages:
1: High aspect ratio. The welding seam is deep and narrow, and the welding seam is bright and beautiful.
2: Due to the high power density, the melting process is extremely fast, the heat input to the workpiece is very low, the welding speed is fast, the thermal deformation is small, and the heat affected zone is small.
3: High density. During the weld formation process, the molten pool is continuously stirred and gas escapes, creating a pore-free penetration weld. The high cooling rate after welding can easily refine the weld structure, and the weld strength, toughness and comprehensive performance are high. Disadvantages
Disadvantages:
1. The energy consumption is relatively high and the power consumption per hour is 16-18KW.
2. The solder joints are of different sizes. Uneven
3. Slow welding speed
4. Laser lamp tubes need to be replaced frequently, about once every six months.
Two optical fiber transmission laser welding machines
The optical fiber transmission laser welding machine couples the high-energy laser beam into the optical fiber. After long-distance transmission, it is collimated into parallel light through a collimating mirror, and then A laser welding equipment that focuses on welding on the workpiece. For parts that are inaccessible for welding, flexible transmission and non-contact welding are implemented to provide greater flexibility. The laser beam of the optical fiber transmission laser welding machine can achieve time and energy splitting, and can process multiple beams at the same time, providing conditions for more precise welding. Advantages:
1. The optical fiber transmission laser welding machine is equipped with a CCD camera monitoring system to facilitate observation and precise positioning.
2. The energy distribution of the welding spot of the optical fiber transmission laser welding machine is even, and it has the best spot required for welding characteristics.
3. The optical fiber transmission laser welding machine is suitable for various complex welds, spot welding of various devices, and seam welding of thin plates within 1mm.
4. The optical fiber transmission laser welding machine adopts an imported ceramic focusing cavity, which is corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant. The cavity life is (8-10) years and the xenon lamp has a long life.
5. Special automated tooling fixtures can be customized to achieve mass production of products.
Disadvantages:
1. High energy consumption. The power consumption is about 10 per hour
2. The welding speed is relatively slow
3. The penetration depth is shallow and it is difficult to achieve deep welding
Three fiber laser welding machine
The fiber laser welding machine is a continuous laser directly generated by a high-power fiber laser. It is different from the pulse laser and has stable performance. Good light output
Advantages:
1. The laser beam quality is excellent, the welding speed is fast, and the welds are strong and beautiful
2. Industrial PC control, workpieces can be made Planar trajectory motion can weld any plane graphics composed of points, straight lines, circles, squares, or straight lines and arcs;
3. High electro-optical conversion rate, low energy consumption, long-term use can save users a lot of processing Cost;
4. The equipment has high reliability and can process continuously and stably for 24 hours, meeting the needs of industrial mass production and processing;
5. Because the machine is small and has a soft optical path , can be used with most tooling and automation equipment
Disadvantages:
Compared with other welding equipment, the price is slightly higher.