Can I apply for a paper written by someone on the Internet without applying for a patent?

Cannot apply. Except as otherwise provided by law, no other person may apply for the rights of an inventor protected by a patent right. Patent right, referred to as patent for short, is the exclusive right of the inventor or his right holder to exploit a specific invention within a certain period of time. It is the main body of intellectual property patent right, that is, the patentee, which refers to the person who enjoys the patent right and assumes the corresponding obligations according to law. The subject of patent right includes the following types: inventor: inventor or designer refers to a person who has made creative contributions to the substantive characteristics of invention and creation.