Shandong Provincial Straw Bioengineering Technology Research Center
Problems that are likely to occur in the application of this technology, their causes and solutions, start editing this paragraph Introduction to Straw Bioreactor Technology
The straw bioreactor technology system is a new concept of agricultural production. It is an organic cultivation theory and technology that improves quality and efficiency. It is essentially different from traditional agricultural technology. Its research is fundamentally separated from the success of agricultural production. Fertilizer situation. Substituting straw for chemical fertilizers and plant vaccines for pesticides is closely integrated with rural reality and promotes the recycling of multiple value-added production factors, effectively changing the ecological construction, environmental protection and crop yield, quality, and pollution-free production, and using this technology to It provides scientific and technical support and opens up new ways to increase agricultural efficiency, increase farmers' income, food security and sustainable agricultural development.
Edit this paragraph Bioreactor concept
1 The concept of bioreactor: Microorganisms and organic matter, in a certain facility, have a huge impact on bioenergy and bioenergy, thus Another significant change occurs in the chain reaction of organisms in their growth conditions and environment. It is similar to an atomic reactor, so bioreactor equipment, including devices, are named bioreactors. 2 Straw bioreactor: The bioreactor uses straw as raw material. After a series of transformations, the comprehensive changes in plant growth conditions can greatly improve the yield and quality, the so-called straw bioreactor. The theory is based on the theory of photosynthesis, plant starvation, passive absorption of mineral elements from the leaves and stems of major plants, reusability, and the repeating cycle theory. 3-beam bioreactor technology: Microbial action strains straw, purifiers, and carbon dioxide, heat-resistant spores, enzymes, organic and inorganic nutrients that are directed to the desired plant growth, thereby achieving high crop yield, quality and organic production . 4. Straw bioreactor technology features: straw replaces chemical fertilizers, plant vaccines replace pesticides, organic cultivation technology, such as low cost, easy operation, rich resources, input-output ratio, and significant environmental impact. 5 straw bioreactor application forms: internal, external and internal external binding styles. 6 Straw bioreactor conversion rate: One kilogram of dry rice straw can convert 1.1 kilograms of CO2, 3037 kcal of calories, 0.13 kilograms of organic fertilizer for biological control of microorganisms and disease spores, and 0.003 kilograms. Using these materials and energy in the production of fruits and vegetables can increase 0.6-1.5 kilograms of fruits and vegetables with different growth differences. 7Why choose straw as reaction material? Plant straw and waste are the largest renewable energy sources on Earth, completing their inexhaustible supply. Synthetic rice straw based on water and carbon dioxide is then converted through biological reactions with carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), water, heat, etc., absorbed in the plant. Although other methods can also produce a single CO2, but use low absorption, and the cost is high. Straw is widely used, and the investment is small enough to require multiple plant materials with high utilization rate. 8 Straw bioreactor components: straw, materials, bacteria, plant vaccines, switches, CO2 porous conveyor belts and other facilities.
Edit this paragraph 2, basic theoretical innovation of bioreactor
1. Plant Hunger Theory
This theory reveals the yield and quality of plants in nature, which are three elements of gas (CO2), water (H2O), light and trace mineral elements. Therefore, the yield and quality of crops have to be produced by a scientific definition of the so-called gas carbon dioxide, water (H2O), which is light in weight. Of these three elements, the main constraint is carbon dioxide gas, without which the factory would starve. With the current atmospheric CO2 concentration of 330ppm, most plants need to eat 10,000PPM-40,000PPM every day, and the supply and demand vary even hundreds of times several times over a long period of time for severely starved plants to survive. Many varieties of fruits can be grown due to early or slow growth due to starvation, or underdeveloped traits, which is the root cause of crops that people usually see, fruit tree drop, flower drop, size, premature senility, lunch, late-ripening fruit and deformity and other phenomena.
When carbon dioxide is used to meet the needs of these phenomena it will disappear. Studies have shown that people actually have to reduce production to 1%, and there are dozens of doubling production potential that can be tapped. Therefore, for crop yield and quality, factories must produce more "food" - carbon dioxide, to solve the problem of hunger. In short, all incentives ultimately increase CO2 supply levels. The plant hunger theory should become the theoretical output and high-quality cultivation of people in the future. Based on the "hunger theory", straw bioreactor technology was successfully developed.
2. Leaf Active and Passive Absorption Theory
Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the ground leaves, "drink" light from the ground roots, and synthesize organic compounds under the action of the two most shared "blade plants". Synthesis is transported during the day and night, stored in various organs of the plant, from small to large fruits, and from dwarf to tall plants, which is the reason why crops grow without long days and nights. During the day, the leaves have different positions of carbon dioxide, which absorbs the organic synthesis instinct of the human body at different distances. This instinct is called "blade active absorption." Different varieties of crops have inhalation gaps, generally 4-12 atmospheres. Carbon dioxide is found in leaves. Carbon dioxide is absorbed during artificial feeding or near the leaves, and accumulation of accelerated synthesis increases. We call this phenomenon "passively absorbed blades." Active absorption will reduce the accumulation of organic matter, and passive absorption will increase the accumulation of organic matter. According to the main and passive absorption theory, the application forms of the straw bioreactor were developed: built-in, external and internal-external binding styles.
3. The theory of recyclability of mineral elements
In addition to the need for a large number of three materials: air, water, and light to grow, plants also absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and sulfur from the soil through roots. and other mineral elements. These mineral elements accumulated in the straws (plants) are transformed by releasing straw bioreactor technology so that all the plants can be reabsorbed. These elements are determined to fully meet the needs of plant growth without the need for supplementary fertilizers. People's main measure to increase fertilizers in agricultural production is wrong, because this leads to misconceptions about increasing the amount of chemical fertilizers, which not only increases production costs, but also causes ecological damage and food pollution. Research has confirmed that fertilizer does not yield, yield does not, and the relationship between farmyard manure and yield has no relationship. Yield synthesis plays a role of less than 5% in a strict scientific sense. Fertilizer is "planting salt" and is "cement" for the soil. , richer soil will be compressed. Chemical fertilizers have made a historic contribution to solving the problem of food and clothing for mankind. This contribution has achieved temporary survival at the expense of human health and longevity and ecological damage. Fertilizer does not have a direct impact, but in poor soil, microorganisms (such as ammonifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, sulfiding bacteria) then release carbon dioxide through microbial metabolism, which only improves the performance of the first planting. In short, the theory of straw mineral elements recyclability and scientific basis are used to find new ways to replace chemical fertilizers with straw.
4. Plant Biocontrol Vaccine Theory
The most scientific method to control plant diseases is to take the method based on plant immunity. Whether it affects the immune function of plants is controversial in the academic community. Our research confirms that plants have immune functions, but the immune mechanisms are different from animals. How to make good use of plant immune function is an important key technology to develop corresponding plant vaccines. After several years of research, a vaccine production plant was finally successfully developed in the early 1990s. Vaccines are an important part of the plant bioreactor technology system, which is similar to animal vaccines, but there are great differences in the methods and specificities of the vaccination process, which is achieved by inoculating the roots of plants Each organ of the plant activates the body's immune function to produce antibodies and implement pest epidemics. Biological characteristics of plant vaccines: Effect of climate warming (1) infection period; infection (2) slow conduction; (3) aerobic; (4), moisture resistance; (5) lateral conductivity.
After large-scale demonstration and application of plant vaccines in more than a dozen provinces, fruits, vegetables, tea, beans, tobacco and other crops in more than 100 counties, the control effect is more than 90%. When the cost of drugs is reduced by an average of 85%, the average return rate exceeds 30%, which is the main technical support for the production of organic food, effectively solves the current agricultural production needs to solve problems such as the spread of pests, increased dosage of pesticides, excessive agricultural residues, etc., and brings hope to food safety and consumer health. Currently, thousands of tons of highly toxic pesticides are applied to crops and soil every year for pest control, accumulating on agricultural products and accumulating in the human body through human consumption. It can be said that the human body has become the "second database of highly toxic pesticides," and various human diseases will become abnormal and difficult to prevent. It was envisioned that agricultural production would use highly toxic pesticides to kill pests, but it is the reality that pesticide use is the result of growing larger and more serious pests. The production century has proved that the problem of pesticides and insect pests cannot be fundamentally solved. The consequences of long-term use of highly toxic pesticides will eventually destroy mankind. Alternative pesticide factory vaccines will essentially change this situation.
Edit this paragraph 3. Six functions of straw bioreactor
1. Carbon dioxide effect
CO2 concentration will generally increase by more than 50%, the photosynthetic efficiency of the inner crop canopy is 4-6 times, effectively alleviate the degree of hunger, accelerate growth, flowering and fruit setting rate, 30% to 50% The average increase in standard operations significantly improves the quality of agricultural products. 2.
The effect is that in cold winter, the temperature in the greenhouse can be increased by 20cm to 4-6℃, and the temperature can be increased by 2-3℃, which significantly improves the growth environment of plants, improves the crop's ability to withstand low temperature conditions, and effectively protects crops. Normal growth, growth in 10-15 days ago.
3. Biological control effect
The strains produced during the conversion process produce a large number of straw disease spores and produce strong antagonistic effects on pests and diseases, inhibiting and causing effects, reducing plant incidence and reducing the incidence of pesticide use by more than 90% More than 90%, standard and standardized operations can basically eliminate the need for pesticides. lt;brIn straw
Bioreactor culture layer/gt; 4. Organic soil improvement effect, the soil porosity of the 20 cm cultivated layer has more than doubled, the population of beneficial microorganisms, water, fertilizer, and gas has increased, the heat is moderate, various mineral elements are directionally released, and the organic matter content has increased by more than 10 times for root growth. Create a good environment.
5. Residual effects of enzyme treatment
During the reaction process of straw, bacteria produce a large amount of enzymes, fertilizers, pesticides and contact reactions with high metabolic activity, which becomes an effective fertilizer with poor effect, causing beneficial changes in harmful substances, and finally Pesticide residues turn into the carbon dioxide plants need. It has been determined that the application of one-year technology to reduce pesticide residues around plant roots by more than 95% and the application of two-year technology will be completely eliminated.
6. Improve the utilization rate of natural resources, effect
Straw bioreactor technology speeds up the use of straw and improves the comprehensive utilization of microorganisms, light, water, air free nitrogen and other natural resources. It has been determined that when the CO2 concentration increases by 4 times, the light utilization rate increases by 2.5 times and 3.3 times, and the nitrogen-fixing legume activity increases by 1.9 times. Therefore, the straw bioreactor technology system is a bunch of multiple effects.
Edit this paragraph 4. There are three main ways to apply straw bioreactor technology and points: internal, external and a combination of internal and external 3. It is divided into built-in lines, built-in lines, built-in dressings and built-in trees. Exterior The exterior is divided into simple and standard exteriors. When choosing the application method, it is mainly based on the production of planting varieties, planting time, ecological and climatic characteristics and production conditions.
a Selection and conditions for replacing the built-in straw bioreactor:
1. The next line of built-in: autumn, winter and spring dormitories can be used, high altitude, high latitude, drought, It should be used especially in cold and frost-free areas. 2. Built between the lines: In the high temperature season, before sowing, there should be no rice for cooking in the area. 3. Built-in dressing: The crop can be used throughout the process, making this method more flexible.
Straw should be crushed and fertilized. 4. Built-in under trees: should be used in planting areas such as fruit trees, forest trees, green belts, and nurseries.
Amount of built-in reactor straw, bacteria and accessories
1. Built-in next line: Amount of straw per acre: 3000-4000 kg, strain 8-10 kg, 160-200 kg wheat Bran, cake 80-100 kg. 2. Built-in reading between the lines: 2500-3000 kg of straw per acre, 7-8 kg of bacteria, 140-160 kg of wheat bran, and 70-80 kg of cake. 3. Built-in top dressing: 900-1200 kg of straw powder (or mushroom waste) per acre, 3-4 kg of strain, 6080 kg of wheat bran, 80-100 kg of cake. 4. Built under the tree: 2000-3000 kg of straw per acre, 4-6 kg of bacteria, 80-120 kg of wheat bran, 60-90 kg of cake. 5. The day before or on the day of treatment with bacteria, the bacteria must be pretreated. The method is: according to 20kg of wheat bran and 10kg of cake, add 35-40kg of water, mix well, pile up and ferment, it can be used for 4-24 hours to mix 1kg of bacteria. If it is not finished that day, you have to highlight it indoors or in a cool place, 8-10 cm thick, and continue to use it the next day. 6 Note: For planting vegetables, fruits and beans, it can be used by herbivores (cows, horses, sheep, etc.). The general dosage is 3-4 per acre. It is better to combine the built-in reactor equipment into the ditch. Use this technique and ban non-herbivore manure fertilizers. Studies have confirmed that using the feces of non-herbivorous animals such as chickens, pigs, humans, and ducks will accelerate the reproduction and spread of nematodes, leading to plant diseases; bacterial activity will affect the use of chemical fertilizers, soil compaction, and also accelerate the spread of diseases.
Built-in reactor operation
1 Next line of built-in procedures: digging trenches, laying straw, spreading bacteria, vibrating, casing, watering, entire ridge, drilling and colonization. ① Ditching: For planting in a double row, the size of the row should be used. The width of the big line (sidewalk) is 100-120 cm, and the width of the small line is 60-80 cm. The ditch is at the position of the small line. The ditch width is 60 cm, the ditch depth is 80 cm, and the ditch depth is 20-25 cm. The ditches are of equal length. President, put the same The amount of soil consists of digging a trench on both sides. ②Laying straw: Lay straw (corn straw, wheat straw, straw, etc.) in the ditch after the ditching is completed. Generally, the entire bottom is laid with straw (corn straw, sorghum straw, cotton, wood, etc.), and the broken upper layer of soft straw (such as wheat straw, rice straw, corn husks, weeds, leaves and mushroom waste, etc.) is placed. Practical after paving, the 10cm trench with a thickness of 25-30cm exposes two straw residues to carry oxygen. ③ Spread bacteria: Treat each trench with 6 kg of bacteria, sprinkle it evenly on the straw, and tap it again with a shovel to make the bacteria and straw evenly contact each other. ④ Shell: Backfill the ditch on both sides of the straw with soil to a thickness of 20-25 cm to form ridge planting and a smooth ridge surface. ⑤ Watering: Use appropriate amount of wet straw, water every 3-4 days, make the ridge surface smooth, and keep the straw in the soil layer about 20 cm. ⑥Drilling: Drill three lines of holes on the field ridge with 12# steel (usually 80-100 cm long, and welded in a T shape at the top), with a row spacing of 25-30 cm, and the asphalt penetrates into the straw 20 cm deep hole layer. , to facilitate fermentation into oxygen and promote the transformation of straw, waiting for colonization. ⑦Planting: Generally do not pour large amounts of water, only small amounts of water, one bowl. After three days of sowing temperature, water thoroughly at low temperature once every 5-6 days. In order to be able to play again by grabbing the hole into the ground, flush with the last month of dislocation, 12 times during the growing season. 2. Built in between the lines: Mostly because there is no straw before sowing, so sow the seeds first and wait for the boundaries between the straws after harvesting. Its built-in counterparts follow basic operating steps. Generally, the leaf seedlings are 15-20 cm, the foundation pit is 15-20 cm deep, the width is 60-80 cm, the straw is 20-25 cm thick, and the two exposed straws in the ditch are 10 cm. 6 kilograms of pickled bacteria per row were evenly sprinkled on the pick, beat the straw again with a shovel, backfilled with soil, accused of not watering, watered the small row, accused him of getting wet straw. The spacing is 30 cm, the spacing is 20 cm, and the 12# steel perforator is used to penetrate the deep depth of the straw.
3. Built-in dressing: In order to maintain continuous growth during the growth period, this method should be used during the period when there is a lack of time to make up for the lack of planting because there is no amount of straw or straw to cause growth. 666: In this method, the straw crusher is crushed, 3 kg of bacteria per acre, 60 kg of wheat bran, 30 kg of cake, 900 kg of straw powder, 2000 kg of water (the ratio of 1:20:10:300 is new), mix well , pile up into a trapezoidal pile with a height of 60 cm and a width of 100 cm to heat up, drill nine holes on the surface of the pile, cover with film, ferment, heat to 45-50°C, and use a rod with a diameter of 5 cm to fertilize. 30 cm holes, and make the crops 15 cm, 0.51.0 kg per hole; then punch 3-4 holes per hole; generally do not water after 7-10 days of topdressing, regular water according to the general crop growth period Topdress 2-3 times and then water. 4. Built-in under tree: It is divided into two built-in half and fully built-in according to different application periods. It is suitable for fruit trees. Other high-value species, such as greening trees, can refer to the use of sand control forests. (1) Built-in whole tree: This method is suitable for fruit trees in the dormant period. The practice is to make a ring around the trunk from the soil to the bottom of the crown bulge, and dig it to a shallow depth of 10-25 cm, so that most of the capillaries are exposed or broken and the roots are damaged. The bottom layer of vaccine is then evenly sprinkled on the ground by laying straw with a thickness of 10 cm or more, and then the amount of straw per tree species is evenly sprinkled, and then after tapping it, sprinkle it with a shovel to expose the straw residue pit about 10 cm to carry oxygen. Then pour enough water every two days for 3-4 days after leveling, backfill the soil with straw, drill holes, cover with mulch, and use 12# steel 30×25 cm square to crack the tree after it sprouts. (2) Semi-built-in trees: This method is suitable for the fruit growth period. The surrounding tree trunks are divided into six equal parts, fan-shaped excavation intervals (digging every time), and a depth of 4060 cm (to prevent root damage when digging). Then sprinkle a layer of vaccine, then lay straw, then sprinkle a layer and a half of seed, fill it with straw, then sprinkle a layer of bacteria, cover with a shovel, water and level after three days, according to 30 × 30 cm A square punch. Generally, there is no plastic film covering. Mulching film should be used to preserve water in plateau dry land. A built-in reference to operating a straw bioreactor illustrates its methods.
External straw bioreactor application mode
1. Application of external reactor: The level of investment and construction quality can be divided into simple and standard external reactors. The exterior is simple: just dig a hole, lay a thick plastic sheet over a wooden base, cement poles, bamboo blanks or tree branch isolation layers, bricks, cement blocks, airway barriers and switches can all be used. Small investment, fast construction, but the plastic sheet is easily damaged, so use a section of crop. Standard exterior: dig trenches, build gas pools with cement, bricks and sand, air ducts, and use cement poles, bamboo blanks, and gauze switch bases as isolation layers. Although the investment is large, the service life is long. This way they are positioned outside the shed and built outside the shed. Build a shed during the cold season and build it outside the shed during the hot season. Convenient exterior materials outside the shed, users can flexibly choose according to actual conditions. Planting or sowing construction, sowing or emergence, after installation, and before feeding have similar requirements during each construction process. 2. Quantity of straw, bacteria and accessories: 1000-1500 kg per straw, 3-4 kg bacteria, 6080 kg wheat bran. During the growth period of winter crops, add 3-4 straws, and add 2-3 times of delayed crop straws in autumn and early spring. 3. Construction of use: From emergence to harvesting of crops, the external stimulation applied during the growth period of the bioreactor has the effect of increasing yields the greater the earlier. Average yields rose by more than 50%.
Construction process of external reactor
1. Standard external: Generally winter and early spring crops are built in the gable greenhouse with an entrance 60-80 cm from the gable, with the excavation from north to south The gas storage pool has a width of 120-130 cm and a depth of 100 cm. The lower opening is 90-100 cm wide and the trench is 6-7 meters long (slightly shorter than the width of the greenhouse). The excavated soil is placed evenly along the trench, spreading to a lower slope and higher outside. Lay the trench with plastic sheeting (reduce the amount of sand and cement) and extend the wall to 80-100 cm along the trench.
Then excavate from the middle trench and flow down a 20 cm circular exit channel with a width of 65 cm, a height of 50 cm, a length of 100 cm, and a low-level construction end of 50 × 50 mm (inner diameter) and an upper opening diameter of 45 cm. Base AC. The trench wall, air channel and subsequent single brick foundation, cement mortar, cement trench sand base, have a thickness of 6-8 cm. At the end of the ditch, build a return air tunnel 20 meters wide x 20 meters high at the end of the 50 cm long, or replace it with a single brick barrier pipe. After the cement is hardened, horizontal poles (20 cm wide and 10 cm thick) with centers of gravity every 40 centimeters along the cement trench are fixed vertically on the cement poles every 10 cm with a blank bamboo or bamboo pole, so the foundation is established. Then start feeding and inoculating. Sprinkle a layer of bacteria every 40-50 cm of straw laid in three consecutive positions. Sprinkle water to wet the straw. Pour half of the water into the lower part of the ditch water. It is appropriate. Finally, cover it with a plastic sheet to prevent moisture. The cover should not be too tight. The gas pumped by the Tianan machine circulates and accelerates the reaction. See construction diagram of the external straw bioreactor. 2 Simple exterior: trenching, construction and other processes and exterior standards. Just to save costs, the ditch and ditch walls are covered with plastic sheets instead of laying concrete, bricks, stone and sand barriers.
External
The use and management of external reactors for reactors can be summarized as: "three up", "three", water supply day, no matter it is cloudy or sunny, Maintain uninterruptible power during the day. 1. Gas: 5-6 hours to start seedlings around the clock, 7-8 hours to bloom, and more than 10 hours a day to produce results. Turn on every day no matter it is cloudy or sunny. Research has confirmed that the carbon dioxide gas in the reactor can be increased by 55-60%. In particular, it cannot be shut down at noon. 2. Use liquid: Water feeding should be done as soon as possible the next day after the water comes out of the ditch, and the straw circulated in the reactor is poured once a day for 3 consecutive cycles. If there is a water shortage problem, additional payment will be made. The reason is that by watering the piles into the ditch where the piles are showered, without timely circulation, bacteria will remain in the water for a long time. After three cycles of reactor leachate should have immediate access to liquid water for each subsequent leaching to obtain in a timely manner. The reason is that the early liquid enzyme activity of the spores works well. Its usage is from January 2nd to 3rd, water the leachate, irrigate, and spray the leaves, 3-4 times a month, and can also be combined with watering and flushing. The reactor leachate contains a large amount of carbon dioxide, mineral elements, and disease spores, which not only increases plant nutrition but also prevents insects. Reactor liquid testing indicated 20-25% yield. 3. Using slag: The straw is converted into a large amount of CO 2 in the reactor, and a large amount of mineral elements are also dissolved in the leachate and released, and Chen is also accumulated in the slag. It is a mixture of vegetables, organic and inorganic nutrients required. The external reactor Chen cleans up the residue, collects and piles it up, and when the covering film continues to decay into powder, the next crop is used to raise seedlings, plant and fertilize as a substrate, push, not only replaces chemical fertilizers, but also plays a significant role in growth, disease and pest control, experiments have proven that Chen Dui Slag can be increased by 15-20%. 4. Water: Water is one of the important conditions for the reaction in the reactor. In addition to the water outside the reactor building, water is added to the reactor after every 7-8 days. If we don't pay it will reduce the efficiency of the reactor, causing the reactor to stop midway. 5. Gas: Oxygen is a prerequisite for the reactor to produce CO2. Straw bioreactors require a large amount of oxygen free radical activity, which must be kept out of the respiratory tract. As the reaction progresses, the reactor becomes stronger and stronger, the ventilation condition becomes worse and worse, and the reaction is slow. The late-stage stacking film should not be too strict, leaving a gap of 10 cm wide on the wall. It should be every 20 days. An exposed covering film with 5-6 wooden or steel perforated vents per square. 6. Feeding: The external reactor is usually used for about 50 days, and more than 60% of the straw is consumed. Straw and bacteria should be replenished in time. After watering, use a perforated stick with a diameter of 10 cm for ventilation, and then cover it with a film and then add 1200-1500 kg of straw and 3-4 kg of wet bacteria; winter crops are generally fed three times.
Operation precautions
(1) The built-in operation time should be about 20 days earlier than sowing, at least not less than 10 days, otherwise the effect will be wrong.
(2) The first watering should be sufficient (with wet straw as the standard); the second watering should be evenly spaced 10-15 days; the third watering should be smart, with an agreement to pour 2-3 water, the third watering should be done by reactor technology. 4. Be careful when watering. During September, it is not advisable to water at the beginning of spring before you see drought before watering. (3) The built-in main four principles should not be used: the trench should not be too deep (no more than 25 cm); the straw should not be too small (8-10 kg, 3000-4000 kg of straw per mu); casing It should not be too thick (20-25 cm); it is easy to punch too late (three days after the watering hole is 20 cm square) and too little.
Edit this paragraph 5, application results of straw bioreactor technology
1 Growth performance: seedling stage: early onset, fast growth, thick main stem, short internodes, large and thick leaves , early flowering, less pests and diseases, and the ability to withstand natural disasters. Mid-term: Strong growth, high fruit setting rate, fast fruit expansion, high growth, and few deformities. It is marketed 10-15 days in advance. Late stage: The longer it grows, the more prosperous it is, and the lasting ability is 30-45 days. For deciduous fruit trees, the late harvest period is extended to about 20 days. The spread of seedlings and other problems caused by pests and dead seedlings have been solved. The past performance of many varieties is good, level two, and thirty years, and even if it is not, using straw bioreactor technology has become a good year, good level two, and level three are not good enough. 2. Yield: Different varieties of fruit trees can generally increase production by 80%-500%; vegetable varieties can generally increase production by 50%-200%; roots, stems, leaves and crops generally increase by 1-3 times, beans (such as peanuts, soybeans) The average yield is 50%-150%. Summarizing the results of many years of production and application, the trend rules are: more vegetables and fruits; more root, stem, and leaf vegetables than fruit foods; more legumes than grass; economical use of leafy crops (such as tea, tobacco, etc.) The output is greater than the economic output of food crops; C3 plants have more C4 plants. 3. Quality performance: The fruit is uniform, the commodity rate is high, the color gloss, sugar, flavor and aroma quality are significantly improved; the product contains nitrite, which significantly reduces or eliminates pesticide residues. It is a typical organic cultivation technology. 4. Input-output ratio: greenhouse fruits and vegetables, melons are 1:14-16; greenhouse fruits and vegetables, melons are 1:8-12; small shed melons, vegetables are 1:5-8; open field cultivation Fruits and vegetables 1:4-5; unique Chinese villages 1:20-50. 5. Reduce production costs: reduce greenhouse costs by 3,500-4,500 yuan per mu; greenhouse costs by 1,500-2,500 yuan per mu; small sheds by 500-1,000 yuan per mu.