1. Learn classical Chinese to translate the original:
When people see that their neighbors have good relatives, they make their children admire them and learn from them. I don't know how to make them learn from the ancients. The whole world knows that you can cross the horse and take a strong bow, and you will know that I can do it; I don't know the laws of heaven, argue about geographical location, compare quantity and smoothness, and learn the wonders of rise and fall. It is to know the alliance, gather wealth and gather valleys, so that the cloud and I can be the same; I don't know how to worship ghosts, change customs, adjust yin and yang, and recommend sages. However, I can rule the people only after I know that I am rich and private, and the business is done; I don't know if I am honest with myself, but I am a group, fighting against the wind and turning the owl into the wind. But if I know how to obey the law, punish early and abandon late, then I can go to prison; I don't know the same concept of sin. I also chase money with a knife. I am good at showing my insincerity, but I know how I feel without asking. It's not good for you to be the master and slave of agriculture, industry and commerce, killing fish and eating cattle and sheep.
Translation:
People see good role models in their neighbors and tell their children to advocate learning, but they don't know how to learn from the ancients. Why are they so confused? The world only knows how to ride a horse in armour, hold a spear and bend a bow, saying that I can be a general, but I don't know how to observe heaven and reason, distinguish the right place, consider whether to conform to the current situation and the people's hearts, and examine the ability to know the rise and fall. I only know that I can be a good person, but I don't know the level of worshipping ghosts and gods, changing customs, adjusting yin and yang, and selecting sages and saints. I only know that I can manage the people, do things early without selfish interests, but I don't know the ability of being honest and clean, managing orderly, and educating people in disaster relief. I only know how to enforce the law, sentence early and forgive late, and say that I can raze the prison, but I don't know all kinds of skills such as reconnaissance, evidence collection, interrogation and inference. In ancient times, farmers, workers, businessmen, servants, slaves, fishermen, butchers and cattle herders all had outstanding and wise ancestors, which could serve as examples for learning and seeking knowledge, which was not detrimental to their careers!
2. Studying interpretation and full-text translation, the ancient scholars who studied the original text made up for themselves; Scholars nowadays are human beings, but they can speak out.
Ancient scholars were human beings, and what they did was to benefit the world. Nowadays, scholars are all for themselves, and self-cultivation can make progress. Scholars still plant trees, play with their flowers in spring and climb in autumn; Talking about articles is also good for spring, and self-cultivation is also good for autumn.
Life is young and the spirit is patented. When you grow up, you should think about it and relax. Be sure to teach early and don't miss the opportunity. When I was seven years old, I recited "Lingguang Dian Fu". As for today, I won't forget it in ten years. Twenty years later, the books I memorized were abandoned and abandoned in January.
However, people have a hurdle? ? If you lose your prime, you still have to study that night. Confucius said, "If you are eager to learn at fifty, you will not make a big mistake."
Loyal old Wei Wu and Yuan Yi learned little and never got tired of getting old. Ceng Zi is a scholar at the age of 70 and is famous all over the world. Xun Qing began to study abroad at the age of fifty, and he was still a Confucian scholar. Gong Sunhong was in his forties before he read the Spring and Autumn Period, thus becoming a prime minister. Zhu Yun is also forty years old, and he began to study the Book of Changes and The Analects of Confucius. Huangfu Mi, at the age of 20, began to accept the Book of Filial Piety and The Analects of Confucius: they all became great scholars in the end, and this is not a question of early infatuation and late indulgence.
The marriage crown in the world has not been learned, so it is too late, and it is also a fool's ear following the wall. Young scholars, such as the light of sunrise, old scholars, such as the night walk by candlelight, are still virtuous.
The rise and fall of learning is closely related to the world. The virtue and handsomeness of Han Dynasty are based on the way of sage. When I was there the next day, I was assigned to the personnel, and many people used this to show their respect for each other.
In the end, the custom has come to an end, leaving chapters and sentences empty, but it is almost impossible to perform world events by following the teacher's words. Therefore, the children of scholar-officials are all interested in erudition and refuse to specialize in Confucianism.
Under the grandson of Emperor Liang Chao, when he was in his thirties, he must first enter school and observe his ambition. After he was born, he began to study literature and history and did not graduate. He Yin, Liu Gui, Ming Shanbin, Yi Zhu, Zhou, He Ge, Xiao Zizheng and Liu Taize. , both literature and history knowledge, and not just talk about it.
Luo Yang heard about Zhang Qian and Liu Fang, and saw Xing Zicai in the summer night: Although these four Confucian scholars are good at Confucian classics, they are also called. Therefore, sages are the top grade, leading idle people to Tadano. Its language is vulgar, its style is clumsy, and its reality is omnipotent. It's strange to ask a few hundred words, otherwise there will be no meeting.
There is a saying on a summer night: "A doctor bought a donkey with three books and vouchers, but there was no donkey word." It's annoying for you to use this as a teacher.
Confucius said, "You can gain from learning." It's no use being diligent today, and I'm afraid it's not karma.
The book of sages, therefore, teaches, but studies the scriptures, understands the meaning, and often teaches by example; Why does Zhongniju need two pieces of paper to see the righteousness? What's the point of sleeping in the lecture hall? Is it better to win by this? Time is a pity, just like all lost water. When the Expo is confidential, it is beneficial to the cause; I can be beautiful at the same time, it doesn't matter.
1. Say it: please others and show off to others. Say: praise it with "Yue".
2. Benefit the world: benefit the society. Advanced: be an official, be an official. 4. Play: Enjoy it.
5. flower: the same as "flower". 6. Deng: The same as "Germany".
7. patent: single-minded and keen. 8. Fu: Written by the son of a writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Built in the Western Han Dynasty. 9. hey? ? (l γ n): Difficult, bumpy.
10. Holding candles: holding torches for lighting. Candles, torches
1 1. So: used.
Yes 12.
13. Note: the text of the note. 14. "Zhongli": the text at the beginning of the first chapter.
15. Sparse: dredge the original meaning, and explain and give play to the old notes. 16. "Yanqin" and "Ju": Some scholars interpret the word "Ju" as "Yanqin" (a place to live for leisure), while others interpret it as "a place to study".
17. Ning: 18. Confidentiality: refers to the essence of books.
19. Ji: achievement, completion. 20. I have nothing to criticize.
Between, gap, loophole, opportunity. 2 1. Ten-year principle: review 22. Of course: but 23. Benefits: benefits, benefits 24. Be a man: Be a man. Practice clearly: read 26. Time: time 27. Scholar: A person who studies 28. Road: pursue idea 29. Benefit the world: benefit the society. Reality: So 3655. In ancient times, people who read books were all for others, promoting their own ideas and benefiting society. Nowadays, people who study are all for their own needs, and Xiu De is for being an official.
Learning is like planting a fruit tree. You can enjoy its flowers in spring and pick its fruits in autumn. Talking about articles is like enjoying spring flowers; Self-cultivation is like picking autumn fruits.
People are sharp in spirit when they are young, and their thoughts are easily dispersed when they grow up. Therefore, we should educate our children as early as possible and don't miss the opportunity. When I was seven years old, I recited "Lingguang Dian Fu". To this day, I look back every ten years and I haven't forgotten it.
After the age of 20, the back sutra was left there for a month, and it was abolished. Of course.
People are always in trouble, and when they are in their prime, they lose the opportunity to learn. They should seize the time to study in their later years and not give up on themselves. Confucius said, "You don't make a big mistake when you learn the Book of Changes at the age of fifty."
Wei Wudi and Yuan Yi, who studied harder when they were old, are both examples of diligent study since childhood. Ceng Zi began to study at the age of seventeen and finally became famous in the world. Xunzi began to study in Qi at the age of fifty, and still became a great scholar. Gong began to read Spring and Autumn Annals in his forties and finally became prime minister. Zhu Jun didn't learn the Book of Changes and The Analects until he was forty, and Huangfu Mi didn't learn the Book of Filial Piety and The Analects until he was twenty. They all became great scholars in the end.
These are all examples of early addiction and late awakening. It is too late for most people to start learning when they are adults. Getting along with each other day after day is like standing on the wall and seeing nothing, which is stupid enough.
People who learn from childhood are like the light of sunrise; People who start learning when they are old are like walking at night with torches, but they are better than those who can't see anything with their eyes closed. The rise and fall of learning atmosphere changes with the change of social atmosphere.
The wise men of the Han dynasty all carried forward the way of being a saint by mastering a scripture, knowing the destiny in the world and the personnel in the world. Many of them have to become senior officials because of this major. This is no longer the case after the change of the atmosphere at the end of Han Dynasty. Scholars only study chapters and sentences, and only recite what teachers say. If we rely on these things to deal with practical affairs, it is probably useless.
So later scholars' children were interested in extensive reading and refused to specialize. Liang dynasty, from the emperor to the grandson, let them go first when they were young.
3. Annotation translation of Mianxue 1. Scholar: One who studies.
Learning: learning. 2. use: used.
3. but: just. 4. Say it: Show others your talents.
5. Road: Implement ideas. 6. Benefit the world: benefit the society.
Professor: Good. World: In the world, this refers to society.
7. Self-cultivation: Self-cultivation, self-cultivation. 8. Jin: Jinshi, an official.
9. Zheye: Express judgment (scholars also plant trees). Jude: Like, like.
10. Play: enjoy. 1 1. Flower: same as "flower".
12. Deng: Same as "De". 13. Actually: its fruit.
Its, its, the generation of trees. Reality: Fruit.
14. Line: claim. 15. patent: single-minded and keen.
16. Already: same as "Yi", later. 17. Thinking: thinking.
18. escape: dispersion. 19. solid: pass "reason", so.
20. Morning: As soon as possible. 2 1. opportunity.
22. Recite: Recite. 23. Lingguang Dian Fu: written by Wang Yanshou, son of Wang Yi, a writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Lingguang Hall was built by Duke Lu, the imperial clan of the Western Han Dynasty. 24. as for: to.
25. RB: To sort out is to review. 26. Jude: Still, still.
27. Give up: shelve. 28. Desolate: Desolate.
29. However. 30. hey? ? (l γ n): Difficult, bumpy.
3 1. night: old age. 32. no: no.
33. Give up on yourself: Give up on yourself. 34. Young: at an early age.
35. For example. 36. Old: In old age.
37. Holding candles: Holding torches for lighting. Candles, torches
Wait, wait. 38. at night: at night.
39. Good: Let's go. 40. xian: than.
4 1. Hu: Yu, Bi. 42. close your eyes
43. so: used.
Yes 44. Teaching: implementing education.
45. Clear practice: Familiarity. 46. Classics: Confucian classics.
47. Rough knowledge: a little knowledge. 48. Note: Annotate the scripture.
49. let. 50. Yes, it helps.
5 1. Be a man: be a man. 52. "Zhongniju": the text at the beginning of the first chapter of Xiao Jing Kai Ming Zong Yi.
53. Sparse: dredge the original meaning, and explain and give play to the old notes. 54. Yanqin and Lecture Hall: Some scholars interpret the word "ju" as "Yanqin" (a place to live in leisure), while others interpret it as "lecture hall" (a place to study), each holding its own end.
55. Win by this: Win by this. I: because.
Victory: win the victory. 56. Ning: No.
Ning ... Hu: Don't ... 57. Benefits: benefits, benefits.
58. Time: Time. 59. Unfortunately, it is worth cherishing.
It's worth it 60. analogy: it seems so.
6 1. Expo: extensive reading. 62. Confidentiality: refers to the essence of books.
63. Economy: achievements, achievements. 64. merit: fame and fortune.
Advantages: reputation. Industry: career.
65. Must: If. 66. Beauty: Perfect at the same time.
67. I have nothing to criticize. Between, gap, loophole, opportunity.
Since ancient times, sages, kings and emperors still have to study hard, not to mention ordinary people! This kind of thing can be seen everywhere in classics and history books, and I can't list them one by one, just to remind you what is important in modern times. The children of the scholar-officials are all over several years old, most of them have read The Book of Rites and Zuo Zhuan, and a few have at least read Shi Mao and The Analects of Confucius.
At marriageable age, the physique and temperament are slightly stereotyped. With this innate intelligence, we must redouble our homework and induce. People with lofty ideals can temper and achieve the cause of the cremation; Those who have no ambition to succeed will become lazy and mediocre.
In this world, you should have a major: farmers discuss farming, businessmen discuss wealth and goods, craftsmen elaborate tools, skilled people consider methods and techniques, warriors practice riding and archery, and scribes study and discuss classics. However, it is often seen that scholar-officials are ashamed to set foot in agriculture and commerce, but they can't wear armor when shooting arrows. Only by holding a pen can they remember their names, eat and drink enough, and lead a life of intoxication, and then they can die hard.
Some people get a part-time job with their family background, so they feel satisfied and forget to study at all. When it comes to weddings or funerals, they talk about gains and losses and are tongue-tied, just like sitting in the clouds. Public or private parties feast, talk about ancient poetry, silently bow their heads, only yawn and stretch.
People who know what to do see it, and they are ashamed to have no place to live. Why don't you want to spend a few years studying hard and humiliate yourself for a long time in your life? In the heyday of the Liang Dynasty, most of the children of the gentry were ignorant, so that there was a saying: "You can be a writer if you don't get on the bus, and you can also be a secretary if you don't have any goods on you."
There is no one who doesn't pay attention to smoking, shaving and painting. He drives a long-eaved car, steps on high-toothed bricks, sits on a square mattress with checkerboard patterns, and is filled with playthings on the left and right by a soft bag made of dyed silk, as calm as a fairy. When the meaning is clear, hire someone to answer the questions; If you want to attend the banquet of court dignitaries, please ask someone to help you write poems. At this time, he can also be regarded as a "gifted scholar".
After the war and displacement, the court changed its dynasty and took charge of selecting talents and appointing people. They are no longer relatives. When they were in power, they didn't see the clique in those days. They don't seek anything for themselves. The world is useless. They put on thick linen coats outside, but they have no real skills inside, and they have lost the appearance of tiger skin outside. But the meat inside shows the quality of a sheep, like a dead piece of wood, but like dry water, it falls between military forces and horses and is dying. Only those who have knowledge and talent can live anywhere.
Since the war, even those who have been captured for generations and know how to read the Analects of Confucius and the Book of Filial Piety can still be teachers. Although they have been big officials for generations, they can't write, and they all go to farm and raise horses. From this perspective, how can they not encourage themselves? If you can keep hundreds of books regularly, you won't be a villain for thousands of years. A guest asked me: "I have met some people who only rely on strong bows and halberds to crusade against rebellion and appease the people in order to obtain the title of a duke;" Some people only rely on their mastery of literature and history to save the times, make the country rich and strong, and get the official position in Qing Xiang.
However, learned people from ancient times to the present have both civil and military skills, no official title, and their wives and children are hungry and cold. There are countless such things. How to learn is worth promoting? "I replied," the fate of people is bumpy or prudent, just like jade and wood; Learning knowledge and mastering skills is like pondering sculpture. The reason why polished jade is bright and beautiful is because jade itself is a beautiful thing; A piece of wood and a stone is ugly because it has not been carved.
But how can we say that wood carving is better than stone carving?
4. Learn (translate) the way of governing people and prisons.
Yan Zhitui.
However, I can rule the people only after I know that I am rich and private, and the business is done; I don't know if my punishment is sincere, but I insist on fighting against the wind and turning the owl into a phoenix like a group. But if I know how to obey the law, punish early and abandon late, then I can go to prison; I don't know the same view of sin. I am chasing money with a sword. I am guilty of making false statements, but I don't ask, but I am aware.
-Quoted from "Yan Family Instructions"
The world only knows that if you don't seek personal gain and do business early, you can govern the people. But I don't know how to govern the people. We should be honest and upright, set an example, have the ability to control the people, eliminate disasters and solve problems, and transform the people's ability and political integrity with morality. The world only knows that it can handle cases by sticking to orders and laws, sentencing in the morning and pardoning at night; But I don't know that we have to investigate the scene to solve the case, we have to distinguish right from wrong according to the evidence, we have the insight to distinguish the case, we have the wit to see through the falsehood and make the crime appear, and we have the ability to see the truth without trial.
Yan Zhitui (after 53 1-590), a writer in the Northern Qi Dynasty, was born in Jiangling, Hubei Province, was a Confucian scholar, read widely and loved Ci.
This article is excerpted from Yan Zhitui's Yan Family Instructions. Discuss health preservation and politics to teach future generations to understand; Only by saving oneself and avoiding disasters can we talk about health preservation. But when the country is in danger, we should "heal the wounded and rescue the dying" and sacrifice our lives for justice. It is not harsh to kill yourself, survive and bear its humiliation. Health care was a hot topic in the Six Dynasties, and the Taoist concept of health care of Laozi and Zhuangzi was highly respected and respected at that time. However, Yan Zhitui basically abandoned the Taoist concept of health care that ruled the Six Dynasties, and injected a lot of fresh ideas, putting filial piety, benevolence, the whole family and helping the world above the goodness of self, with a nearly scientific awareness of health care.
5. Be diligent in translation.
In ancient times, people who read books were trying to enrich themselves and make up for their shortcomings. Now, learners are trying to please others and show off to others. In ancient times, people who read books were all for others, promoting their own ideas and benefiting society. Nowadays, people who study are all for their own needs, and Xiu De is for being an official. Learning is like planting a fruit tree. You can enjoy its flowers in spring and pick its fruits in autumn. Talking about articles is like enjoying spring flowers; Self-cultivation is like picking autumn fruits.
People are sharp in spirit when they are young, and their thoughts are easily dispersed when they grow up. Therefore, we should educate our children as early as possible and don't miss the opportunity. When I was seven years old, I recited "Lingguang Dian Fu". To this day, I look back every ten years and I haven't forgotten it. After the age of 20, the back sutra was left there for a month, and it was abolished. Of course. People are always in trouble, and when they are in their prime, they lose the opportunity to learn. They should seize the time to study in their later years and not give up on themselves. Confucius said, "You don't make a big mistake when you learn the Book of Changes at the age of fifty." Wei Wudi and Yuan Yi, who studied harder when they were old, are both examples of diligent study since childhood. Ceng Zi began to study at the age of seventeen and finally became famous in the world. Xunzi began to study in Qi at the age of fifty, and still became a great scholar. Gong began to read Spring and Autumn Annals in his forties and finally became prime minister. Zhu Jun didn't learn the Book of Changes and The Analects until he was forty, and Huangfu Mi didn't learn the Book of Filial Piety and The Analects until he was twenty. They all became great scholars in the end. These are all examples of early addiction and late awakening. It is too late for most people to start learning when they are adults. Getting along with each other day after day is like standing on the wall and seeing nothing, which is stupid enough. People who learn from childhood are like the light of sunrise; People who start learning when they are old are like walking at night with torches, but they are better than those who can't see anything with their eyes closed.
The rise and fall of learning atmosphere changes with the change of social atmosphere. The wise men of the Han dynasty all carried forward the way of being a saint by mastering a scripture, knowing the destiny in the world and the personnel in the world. Many of them have to become senior officials because of this major. This is no longer the case after the change of the atmosphere at the end of Han Dynasty. Scholars only study chapters and sentences, and only recite what teachers say. If we rely on these things to deal with practical affairs, it is probably useless. So later scholars' children were interested in extensive reading and refused to specialize. From the age below the emperor's grandson, the Liang Dynasty had to let them go to school like children and observe their aspirations. When they reach the age of official career, they will take part in civil affairs. None of them persisted in studying until the end. Is the official can insist on reading, and He Yin and Liu? Ming Shanbin, Yi Zhu, He Ge, Xiao Zizheng, Liu? And others, who are also proficient in literature and history. In Luoyang, I heard the names of Ho Choi, Zhang Qian, Liu Fang and Xing Zicai. Although these four scholars like Confucian classics, they are also famous for their erudition. The above-mentioned sages were originally top-notch officials, but most of them were from villages in the mountains. These people have poor language and morality, and they are stubborn and helpless. If you ask him a word, he will answer hundreds. If you ask him what he means, he probably won't get the point. There is a proverb in summer night: "The doctor went to buy a donkey and wrote three contracts, but he didn't write the word donkey." Aren't you depressed to learn from this kind of person? Confucius said, "The salary is at school." Now these people are working hard on those useless things, which is probably not the right way. The book of saints is used to educate people. As long as you can read the scriptures and understand the meaning of annotations, it is enough to be a person in the world. Why do you have to write two pages to explain the word "Zhongniju"? When you say "residence", you mean the place where you live, and he says "residence" means the place where you study. Who can tell now? On this issue, will winning or losing be of any benefit? Time is worth cherishing, just like running water, which is gone forever. For the sake of fame and fortune, we should read the main points in the book extensively. If you can combine elaboration with specialization, then I won't criticize. I have nothing to criticize. )
6. At the peak of the Liang Dynasty, most aristocratic children were ignorant, so that the proverb at that time said, "Deng!
If the car doesn't fall, it can be a good job; I can say that I am in good health and can be a secretary. "None of these noble children.
One does not smoke clothes with spices, shave or draw faces; They go out by car with long eaves and walk high.
Tooth shoes, sitting on a silk mattress with a checkered pattern, leaning against a pillow made of colorful silk threads, are by your side.
There are all kinds of antiques on display, coming in and out, full of style, just like immortals. In order to work, they ask questions in the Ming Sutra.
Name, they hired someone to take the exam instead of themselves and lent it to others at the banquet attended by three officials and nine ministers.
Hand to help you write poetry, at this time, they are also like a figure. When the unrest comes, the court.
Changing, inspecting and selecting officials, and no longer appointing past cronies, people in power in the DPRK will never see them again.
Old comrades. At this time, these aristocratic children are useless and want to play a role in society.
They can only wear coarse clothes, sell jewelry and lose their gorgeous appearance.
Exposing the essence of incompetence, being sluggish like a dead wood, fainting like a river that is about to dry up, in chaos.
The army drifted from one place to another and finally abandoned their bodies in the desolate valley. At this time, these aristocratic children became.
A real fool. People with knowledge and skills can stand firm wherever they go. Ever since the soldiers
I've seen many prisoners since the chaos. Some people are ordinary people from generation to generation, but because
Knowing the filial piety and the Analects of Confucius is a teacher. Some people, though passed down from generation to generation.
Noble children, but because they can't write, all go to plow fields and raise horses for others. From this point of view, how about
Can you not study hard? If you can keep hundreds of books regularly, it won't be for another thousand years.
Become an ordinary person.
7. When people are young, they are sharp and focused, and when they grow up, their thoughts are easy to be scattered. Therefore, we should educate our children as early as possible and don't miss the opportunity.
When I was seven years old, I recited "Lingguang Dian Fu". To this day, I look back every ten years and I haven't forgotten it. After the age of 20, the back sutra was left there for a month, and it was abolished.
Of course. People are always in trouble, and when they are in their prime, they lose the opportunity to learn. They should seize the time to study in their later years and not give up on themselves.
Confucius said, "You don't make a big mistake when you learn the Book of Changes at the age of fifty." Wei Wudi and Yuan Yi, who studied harder when they were old, are both examples of diligent study since childhood.
Ceng Zi began to study at the age of seventeen and finally became famous in the world. Xunzi began to study in Qi at the age of fifty, and still became a great scholar. Gong began to read Spring and Autumn Annals in his forties and finally became prime minister. Zhu Jun didn't learn the Book of Changes and The Analects until he was forty, and Huangfu Mi didn't learn the Book of Filial Piety and The Analects until he was twenty. They all became great scholars in the end. These are all examples of early addiction and late awakening.
It is too late for most people to start learning when they are adults. Getting along with each other day after day is like standing on the wall and seeing nothing, which is stupid enough. People who learn from childhood are like the light of sunrise; People who start learning when they are old are like walking at night with torches, but they are better than those who can't see anything with their eyes closed.