Recently, in the latest edition of the Energy Statistics Report System (hereinafter referred to as the System) issued by the National Bureau of Statistics, hydrogen, coal, natural gas, crude oil, electricity and biofuels are included in the energy statistics in 2020 for the first time.
The "System" requires local governments and relevant enterprises and institutions to make statistics and reports on the "purchase, consumption, storage" and "processing, conversion and recovery" of energy, including hydrogen. Through these two tables, the comprehensive energy consumption of an enterprise can be calculated, which can provide data support for governments and departments at all levels to formulate policies and energy plans, and inspect and supervise energy economic activities and the implementation of energy guidelines, policies and plans.
Zhang Qiang, an analyst in the automotive industry, believes that the national energy statistics on hydrogen can help the country to make reference when it comes to subsidies and support policies for hydrogen and related industries. At the same time, it will help more investors and capital gain confidence, speed up the layout of hydrogen fuel economy, and further reduce the related production of hydrogen energy and consumption cost through market-driven.
A few days ago, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology also clearly put forward the goal of "commercial application of fuel cell vehicles" in the "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (20021-2035)", pointing out that pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles are the "three vertical" R&D layouts of new energy vehicles, and clearly proposed to promote the construction of hydrogen fuel supply system in an orderly manner, improve the economy of hydrogen fuel storage and transportation, and promote
According to the latest data released by China Automobile Industry Association, the production and sales of fuel cell vehicles in China were 1.426 and 1.337 respectively in 2065, and 438+0 1.0 respectively in 2009, up by 398.6% and 375.8% respectively. According to KPMG's forecast, China's hydrogen production may exceed 20 million tons in 20 19, making it the largest hydrogen producer in the world.
In addition, according to the Blue Book of Infrastructure Development of Hydrogen Energy Industry in China, as of 20191month, 4 municipalities directly under the central government, 10 provinces and 30 prefecture-level cities including county-level cities have issued hydrogen energy industry plans; There are 49 cases of domestic hydrogen energy industry chain investment mergers and acquisitions, involving a total investment of more than 654.38 billion yuan, and both investment events and investment amount exceed the sum of the past two years; Gao, academician of China Academy of Sciences and vice chairman of committee of 100 of China Electric Vehicle, said in an interview with First auto channel and other media during the media communication meeting of committee of 100 Forum of China Electric Vehicle that 20 19 is considered as the first year of hydrogen fuel in China. On the one hand, overseas OEMs and energy giants have extended "olive branches" to China and put forward a package plan. At the same time, local enterprises in China actively participate in the hydrogen energy market.
In recent years, Japanese and Korean OEMs have accelerated the development of hydrogen-fueled vehicles, followed by China OEMs. In addition to SAIC, which laid out hydrogen fuel vehicles earlier, domestic commercial vehicle companies such as Great Wall, Guangzhou Automobile and Jinlong are also laying out hydrogen fuel vehicles one after another. From 20 16 to 20 19, the investment scale of Great Wall alone in the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology reached1200 million yuan. In addition, energy enterprises and industrial chain enterprises such as National Energy Group are also laying out other links of hydrogen energy; Gao also believes that in terms of experimental verification and commercialization process, although China car companies have not reached the height of Toyota, Hyundai and other "first echelon", they are not far behind European and American car companies.
According to statistics, Toyota holds more than 65,438+00,700 patented technologies for hydrogen fuel cells. If you count Denso and other "Toyota" holding companies, Toyota almost monopolizes nearly 50% of the global hydrogen fuel cell patents.
As the first car company in the world to commercialize hydrogen-fueled passenger cars, Hyundai has technological advantages in core technology fields such as fuel cell stack, membrane electrode and hydrogen storage, although its total number of patents is not as good as that of Toyota. According to the statistics of Korea Automobile Manufacturers Association, the global cumulative sales volume of modern hydrogen fuel cell vehicles this year is expected to be 3,666, or it will surpass Toyota to become the first in the year. According to the "Strategy 2025" previously released by Hyundai, the sales volume of its hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will reach 65,438+0,654,38+0,000 in 2025, and it is proposed to build a "hydrogen society" in transportation, energy storage and energy reuse other than automobiles.
At present, domestic scientific research institutions such as Dalian Institute of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University and South China University of Technology have made some breakthroughs in core technologies such as proton exchange membrane, catalyst and gas diffusion layer of hydrogen fuel vehicles, but they are faced with the problems of high cost and unstable quality, which makes it difficult to meet the conditions of mass production. Gao pointed out that the biggest challenge facing the promotion of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in China at present is not automobiles, but the economy and synergy of industrial chains such as hydrogen energy production, storage and transportation, automobile storage and hydrogen refueling stations.
In addition, the cost has also become an important problem that hinders the promotion of hydrogen fuel vehicles. At present, the stack accounts for more than 25% of the total cost of hydrogen fuel cell system, and its core materials almost all depend on foreign manufacturers; In the field of catalyst, the consumption of domestic car companies is 3~5 times that of competing car companies, and the catalyst still depends on overseas companies.
According to Toyota's technical roadmap, it is estimated that in 2025, the total cost of fuel cells and hydrogen storage bottles for automobiles will be about 50,000 yuan, and the hydrogenation cost will be 80-90 yuan /kg, while the cost of pure electric power batteries with a battery life of 500Km will be reduced by less than 40,000 yuan. The 100 km operating cost of hydrogen fuel vehicles is much higher than that of fuel vehicles and pure trams, which is an optimistic forecast.
At present, domestic hydrogen fuel vehicles are mainly commercial vehicles, and there is a big gap between passenger cars and Japan and South Korea. Moreover, hydrogen refueling stations are also limited by profitability, mostly from government investment, and rarely from private and market promotion.
Wang Chaoyun, chairman of Tomorrow Hydrogen Energy, said in an interview with First auto channel and other media that as a new technology with R&D potential, it needs the joint efforts of the central government, local governments, OEMs and related industrial chain enterprises to complete the problems in the process of technology commercialization in order to promote the arrival of "hydrogen society".
Gao also believes that the way out for hydrogen-fueled vehicles to truly usher in the growth period after 2020 lies in innovation and application, and points out that after localization and technological innovation in the next five years, the cost of core components such as proton exchange membranes is expected to be reduced by another half. In addition, priority should be given to the development of commercial vehicles that started late, and the cost of hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogenation should be gradually reduced. At the same time, considering that the investment in automobiles has a certain forerunner, it is very necessary to accelerate the supporting construction of hydrogen refueling stations from now on and occupy technical advantages.
"When hydrogen fuel cell vehicles form a certain market scale, their mass production costs will drop rapidly, and China is the largest automobile market in the world, which provides great convenience for China automobile brands." Gao said:
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.