We often hear people say that people with indigestion and constipation should eat more bananas. Bananas do have many nutritional values ??and functions, but there are also many problems in the process of growing bananas.
For example, banana fusarium wilt is difficult to treat. Let’s learn about the symptoms of banana fusarium wilt and its prevention and control measures.
1. Symptoms and occurrence patterns of banana fusarium wilt
Generally, early susceptible plants have no obvious symptoms, and the vast majority of plants have obvious symptoms after becoming infected in the adult stage.
The edges of the lower leaves of the diseased plants appear yellow, and then gradually expand toward the midrib. The diseased leaves will quickly wither and droop, and then the leaves will turn from the initial yellow to brown and dry up.
Banana Fusarium Wilt is mainly spread through banana piles, seedlings, running water and soil.
The disease is serious when the soil is highly acidic, the soil is poorly drained, and the soil is barren.
2. Prevention and control measures of banana Fusarium wilt
1. Select disease-resistant varieties
At present, disease-resistant breeding is the only way to fundamentally prevent and control banana Fusarium wilt. way.
When varieties with relatively high resistance are invaded by banana wilt pathogenic factors, they can automatically form a defense mechanism in the body to prevent banana plants from being invaded by reasonably regulating pathogenic factors and cell genes. infection, further increasing the disease resistance of banana plants.
Generally, after banana plants are infected by pathogenic factors, their internal protein, free amino acid and other content and types will change greatly, which is directly related to the banana variety.
2. Reasonable crop rotation
Rotate crops between floods and droughts in diseased areas to reduce the base of soil pathogens.
Banana Fusarium wilt is a soil-dwelling fungus that can survive in the soil for 8 to 10 years. However, under flooding conditions, the survival time is greatly shortened. Implementing flood-drought rotation is the best way to prevent and control banana Fusarium wilt. An effective method is to rotate banana orchards with sugarcane if the disease is severe.
3. Remove diseased plants
In banana orchards where banana wilt occurs, diseased plants should be dug out immediately and dried and burned on site.
If possible, you can first inject glyphosate solution into the diseased banana plants (inject at a height of 15 cm, 10 ml for large plants and 3 ml for small seedlings). After the plants die, remove the diseased plants. Go outside the garden and burn them together or bury them deeply.
Banana orchards with sporadic disease must be replanted with other non-banana crops or used for other purposes; banana orchards in severely diseased areas must use chemicals such as lime or carbendazim to disinfect the soil around the diseased plants, and Supplemented by agricultural control, the control effect will be very good.
4. Strengthen cultivation management
When planting bananas, pay attention to adding organic fertilizers and biological fertilizers.
Generally, 0.5 to 1 kilogram of organic fertilizer and 0.25 to 0.30 kilogram of biological bacterial fertilizer are applied to each plant as base fertilizer.
During the flower bud differentiation period, each plant should be fertilized with 1.5 to 2 kilograms of organic fertilizer, 0.45 to 0.50 kilograms of biological fertilizer, 0.15 to 0.20 kilograms of magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate or calcium nitrate, and 0.50 to 0.75 kilograms of superphosphate. Or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
Using organic fertilizer to improve the soil, using beneficial bacteria in biofertilizer to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and supplying sufficient phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium fertilizers to make the trees strong can enhance disease resistance and reduce disease incidence.
During the growth and development of bananas, attention should also be paid to preventing and controlling underground pests, removing accumulated water in the soil in a timely manner, spreading hydrated lime powder to neutralize soil acidity, and eliminating conditions for the survival, reproduction and infection of pathogens.
5. Chemical control
Once a Fusarium wilt diseased plant is found, remove it and apply lime or formalin to the diseased hole and surrounding soil to disinfect it. Although there is currently no treatment for banana Fusarium wilt disease However, during the onset period, a broad-spectrum fungicide can be used to irrigate the rhizomes with 30 pounds of water at intervals of about 4 days, and irrigate for about 3 times continuously, and 70 thiophanate-methyl wettable powder can be used. 1000 times of solution, or 50 times of benomyl wettable powder and 1500 times of solution are ineffective spraying. When spraying, the solution should be sprayed to the base of the leaves as much as possible.
For particularly serious banana orchards, 98 Mianlong micro-granules can be used for soil fumigation treatment during the non-planting period, which will also have better control effects.
In summary, the above is about banana wilt disease. If you are afraid of or have encountered this disease and have a headache, you can learn more and refer to it.
That’s all about the prevention and control measures of banana fusarium wilt. Welcome to read other agricultural content on Qinggua.com.
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