The structure of watch parts, our contact with watches in daily life and the daily maintenance of watches can be divided into two groups according to whether they can be seen or not.
Externally visible parts:
Watch mirror: the protective surface of a watch.
Case: protect watch movement from dust and dew.
Strap: The part that fixes the watch on the wrist, including belt, metal and ceramics.
Ring mouth: lock mirror, with fixed and unidirectional rotation. Fixed type provides aesthetic feeling, and unidirectional rotating type is mainly used for sports watches.
Bottom cover: protect the internal movement of the watch, and the locking methods include hinge screw locking, pressure locking and screw locking.
Dial: It shows the time and is the main personality design part of the watch.
Hands: Generally, there will be a second hand, a minute hand and an hour hand. Now there are six hands.
Clasp: The fastening part of a watchband, usually made of stainless steel and titanium.
Externally invisible parts:
Apron: prevent the influence and infringement of foreign substances and harsh environment, and extend the service life of watches.
Movement: precise chronograph without battery, rotating the central shaft by hand, or driving the flywheel in the chronograph by swinging arm. When rotating, the electric energy generated by the micro-generator is transferred to the capacitor with storage and power supply functions, and the capacitor stably outputs electric energy to drive the microcircuit timer.
Timekeeping internal machine: Timekeeping and electronics comprehensively output power after special treatment, and the accurate timekeeping oscillation frequency brings accurate timekeeping power meter. Pulling out the handle of a two-needle quartz watch will damage the movement, and pulling out the handle of a three-needle quartz watch will get water and dust, so don't pull out the handle of a quartz watch to save electricity.
Automatic internal machine: the power of the self-winding movement is brought by the weight of the movement itself. When the arm wearing the watch swings, it will drive the flying camel to rotate, and at the same time, it will also drive the internal wind-up to wind up the watch.
Mechanical internal machine: the power of mechanical watch comes from clockwork. When the crown rotates, the spring in the movement injects energy to push the timepiece to run.
Battery replacement display: when the second hand jumps every four seconds, the battery must be replaced within two to three weeks.
Low energy display: the second hand jumps every four seconds, which will prompt to replenish energy, and will not affect the normal work of the watch at this time.
At present, ceramic watches made of high-tech precision ceramics are the mainstream watches in the watch industry.
Although the external characteristics of watches are varied, they can all be summarized as a basic model, and its complexity is determined by the technical level of the products.
surface
It can be mineral glass, sapphire or other synthetic materials. Generally speaking, it is directly fixed or glued in the notch of the bezel. In a watch used for work inspection, the bezel is fixed on the bezel, and then the surface is mounted on the bezel.
Bevel of a gem
This is the core of the chassis and supports other parts. It is compared to the wall of a house, the surface is the roof, the bottom cover is the floor, and the small hole with chain crown is the door.
clock dial
Dials and hands show hours, minutes and seconds. Some dials can also display the day and date, and the moon phase can be displayed with holes or "windows". More complicated, more information is provided by the hands on the small dial, such as perpetual calendar, month, season, vernal equinox and so on.
Internal structure of clock
This machine part consists of all time-sharing devices. This is also an integral part of quartz watches.
bottom
The bottom cover is fixed on the bottom surface of the bezel, and the bottom cover of the waterproof watch contains a gasket.
Waterproof watchcase
The high-quality case can resist all external factors. They are equipped with washers and baffles on the bottom cover.
1. surface
2. Washer
3. Table frame
4. bezel and strap bracket
5. Crown
6. Correct button
7. Clock face
8. pointer
9. Activities
10. Ring (loader core). The ferrule is installed in the baffle.
1 1. Bottom cover. It can be transparent, and the bottom is decorated with sapphire crystal as a frame.
12. The strap core rod fixes the strap (13) on the bezel (4).
watchband
The strap is an important part of the external accessories of the watch, and the watch must be firmly attached to the strap. Therefore, on the one hand, the strap must be firm and reliable, and on the other hand, the buckle device, especially the buckle/hook, must bear the tension.
The strap plays an important role in the style of the watch.
There are two ways to install the strap:
The bracelet is welded to the case. Generally, luxury watches are equipped with the same exquisite gold watch chain. The color of the gold bracelet must be the same as that of the case.
The strap is divided into two parts, usually fixed between the handles of a watch with ears.
The watchband can be made of metal, leather or synthetic belt. There are several small holes in the position of 12, which can be worn moderately.
The right hole of the strap ear is in the same direction as the watch, and the strap ear is replaced by a metal needle. This is the technology used in cheap plastic watches.
When there are two hidden holes in the strap ear, there is no need to drill holes in the watch handle. At this time, the watchband is installed on one of the two movable ends with rotating ears. Biaxial rods or lugs can be connected by safety rings to ensure safe wearing. The perforated shaft is provided with a hollow plug to fix the watchband shaft in the eye.
The metal bracelet with moving parts is a very complicated component, but it doesn't follow the axis like a very simple two-piece strap. The number of shafts can be changed, and the length and width can also be changed. The shaft is fixed by compression or screws.
Metal bracelets must be suitable for adjusting the tightness of wearing, and can be adjusted, increased or decreased in one or more sections. The bracelet should have grooves or grooves, and holes should be evenly punched in each groove and groove to facilitate the insertion of the shaft and adjust it at any time.
Chain bracelets are generally made of gold, unfolded and designed with spring buckles. According to different fashion trends, women's watches sometimes choose a rigid bracelet with detachable ears.
In order to fasten the strap, the buckle is the most widely used design. In luxury watches, many brands have developed a "folding needle", that is, two folded and overlapping metal sheets are assembled at both ends of the strap and fixed with a small pin. This bracelet greatly improves the safety of the extremely loose ring chain.
Internal structure and working principle of mechanical watch
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Shock-proof principle and composition of ceramic sports watches
Shock-proof principle and composition of ceramic sports watches. The shockproof mechanism of ceramic sports watch consists of two parts, which are shockproof spring, pendulum drill, pendulum drill, shockproof bowl and shockproof seat. The lower shock-proof seat is frictionally combined with the bracket and fixed on the splint by bracket screws, and the upper shock-proof seat is frictionally fixed with the hole of the pendulum splint, wherein the support drill and the shock-proof bowl are in dynamic fit, and the pendulum drill is tightly fitted and pressed into the shock-proof bowl, and the support drill can be removed at any time.
When the parts of the shock absorber of ceramic sports watch need to be replaced, the spring petals on both sides of the shock absorber spring need to be removed. At this time, it is necessary to use tweezers and pliers to pull it out of the damping seat groove, and the pull-out range should not be too large, so that the spring petals on both sides can not be pulled out at the same time. Finally, the damping spring can be removed by flattening it. Then, the shockproof bowl and drill frame can be removed. The shockproof bowl and the drill stand may stick together and need to be soaked in gasoline and gently shaken to separate. If the support drill is clamped due to the deformation of the shock-proof bowl, it is necessary to use a punch drill to penetrate into the swing hole and push out the support drill. When disassembling the shock-proof seat, the pendulum splint can be placed on the stamping anvil in reverse, and the stamping anvil hole larger than the diameter of the shock-proof seat is selected, so that the center of the anvil hole is aligned with the center of the shock-proof seat, the flat surface on the circumference of the anvil hole cushions the fast and slow needles, and the hardwood plane is used to press the shock-proof seat downwards, so that the shock-proof seat, the fast and slow needles are separated from the pendulum splint; During installation, the fast and slow needles can be fixed on the shock-proof seat first, and then aligned with the holes of the pendulum splint, and the hardwood plane is still pressed on the shock-proof seat, and the holes are evenly punched downwards, so that the friction can be fixed. When the shock absorber of ceramic sports watch needs to be disassembled, it needs professionals and professional tools, otherwise the parts will be damaged due to improper use methods or tools, which will not pay off.