2,2,2 trifluoroethanol
Difluoroethanol
2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, with the taste of alcohol. Melting point -45℃, boiling point 73.6℃, relative density 65438 0.3822 (25/4℃). It is stable during distillation and can be mixed with water and various organic solvents. It has the special property of dissolving nylon (polyamide) and polypeptide. Because of its excellent physical and thermodynamic properties, it can be used as the working medium of LanJinFa motivation after being mixed with water to recover the heat energy from the waste heat source.
Chemically, it has the typical characteristics of alcohol. Trifluoroacetaldehyde or trifluoroacetic acid can be obtained by oxidation with oxygen under the catalysis of various oxidants such as chlorine water or V2O5. Trifluoroethanol was first obtained by catalytic reduction of trifluoroacetic anhydride by Siouz. Other methods, such as catalytic hydrogenation of trifluoroacetamide and reduction of trifluoroacetyl chloride or its ester by lithium aluminum hydride. Recently, it has been reported that ethyl 2,2-trifluoroacetate can be hydrogenated with copper oxide to obtain trifluoroethanol with a yield of 95%.
The toxicity to humans has not been investigated. Long-term exposure to 500/ 1 10,000 to 1.50/ 1 10,000 has an inhibitory effect on the testis of Xiao Xiong mice, with no obvious symptoms in ten parts per million. However, it should be avoided that the concentration in the air reaches five parts per million, or that the compound contacts the skin for a long time.
Respondents: Sweet Potato Prince X-Qian Zongsi 1-25 19: 10.
Trifluoroethanol refers to 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, which is an important aliphatic fluorine-containing intermediate. Because of its special structure, trifluoromethyl has different properties from other alcohols, and can participate in many organic synthesis reactions, especially for synthesizing fluorine-containing drugs, pesticides and dyes. With the increasing demand at home and abroad, it has become one of the important intermediates of fluorine-containing fine chemicals. At present, there is no production in China, and the development and production prospects are very broad. |K}K@}W\X
There are many synthetic routes of trifluoroethanol, many of which have been industrialized or have industrialization prospects. According to the starting materials, it is divided into trifluoroacetyl chloride method, trifluoroacetic anhydride method, trifluoroacetic acid method, trifluoroacetic acid method, vinylidene fluoride method, HFC- 143a (trifluoroethane) method and HCFC- 133a (trifluorochloroethane) method. The most promising and national synthetic route is HCFC- 133a (trifluorochloroethane). For example, in the Institute of Chemical Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, HCFC- 133a reacted with ω-carboxybutyrate at 200℃ and 4.5MPa in the presence of γ -butyrolactone to prepare trifluoroethanol. After the reaction, the by-product ω-hydroxybutyric acid can be reduced to γ. China Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Sciences uses trifluoroethyl chloride as raw material to react with alkali or alkali metal salt of carboxylic acid in aqueous solution at 150-300℃ and 4- 15MPa in the presence of phase transfer catalyst, in which the phase transfer catalyst can be ionic or nonionic surfactant or fluorine-containing compound with molecular formula XC-nF2OCFSOY. In addition, Zhejiang Institute of Chemical Technology has developed a process route for synthesizing trifluoroethanol from HCFC- 133a through esterification and hydrolysis.
As a basic fluorine-containing organic intermediate, trifluoroethanol can be used as a variety of chemical additives, such as solvents, catalysts, initiators and so on. Because of its special molecular structure, many chemicals synthesized with other substances have excellent properties. L+9#o^c
The main use of trifluoroethanol in pharmaceutical industry is as an anesthetic, and a new anesthetic desflurane with low toxicity and high performance has been developed. Trifluoroethanol can be introduced into the drug structure with trifluoromethyl as functional group, and the main drugs synthesized from it are central nervous system stimulant Flutirol, substituted pyridine gastric parietal cell proton pump blockers (used as anti-ulcer drugs) such as lansoprazole, pantoprazole, antiarrhythmic drug flutamide and analgesic drug benzodiazepine. In the pesticide industry, it is mainly used to synthesize the herbicide trifluoromethyl. United States (y)
Trifluoroethanol has been well developed and applied in dye industry. For example, introducing CF3-H2O- into phthalocyanine can increase its solubility and inhibit intermolecular polymerization. In addition, the introduction of CF3H2O- and CF3- into some dyes can obviously improve the light resistance, weather resistance and chemical stability of dyes. Un6o & amp
Trifluoroethanol, as a solvent, can dissolve oxygenated compounds such as alcohols and ketones and aromatic compounds such as benzene and toluene, and can also dissolve various polymer resins. In the reaction, trifluoroethanol, as a non-nucleophilic ion solvent, can be used as a protective group of carboxylic acid; Because of its low nucleophilicity and stability, trifluoroethanol is also an excellent solvent for some fluorination reactions and nucleophilic polymers, such as polyoxymethylene, polyamide and polyacrylonitrile. In addition, when some polyolefins are polymerized, using trifluoroethanol as solvent can obtain higher yield and reaction rate, and can greatly improve the stereoregularity of polymers and improve their properties. Trifluoroethanol is often used as a solvent for some ionic reactions and electrochemical reactions. Recently, in view of its excellent solubility and high purity, trifluoroethanol is being developed as a separation solvent for high performance liquid chromatography and chiral compounds. ]3fu2R i
It can be used as acylating agent, and trifluoroethanol is an alcohol with low nucleophilicity; Trifluoroethanol produced in transesterification lacks reactivity, and the hydroxyl group on the other side of the reversible reaction can be acylated in one direction, so trifluoroethanol is widely used in position-selective acylation of optically active alcohols and steroids, optical resolution of amines and synthesis of optically active drugs. Ourtau xZ
Trifluoroethanol has strong thermal stability and good kinetic characteristics. Initially, it was only used in some heat recovery systems. Because its damage coefficient to the ozone layer is zero, global environmental problems and energy-saving problems have been paid more and more attention. Trifluoroethanol can replace freon in the future, so its importance in these fields has been re-evaluated and recognized. At present, the mixed solution of trifluoroethanol and water is used as Rankine cycle working medium in waste heat recovery power generation system, which has great potential as working medium of waste heat recovery system with good environmental benefits in iron works, cement plants and other energy-consuming enterprises in the future. In addition, people use the characteristic that trifluoroethanol can generate a lot of heat of solution when mixed with amide compounds, and develop a trifluoroethanol working medium absorption chemical heat pump mixed with cyclic amide compounds such as N- methylpyrrolidone and N, N- dimethyl imidazolinone. The system can be used to replace the electricity in air-conditioning equipment that can use city gas, propane gas and kerosene. Compared with the existing chemical heat pump, it has the advantages of no icing at low temperature, compact equipment, high energy efficiency of refrigeration and heating, and industrial and civil use. }q=|AcXD
It can be used to modify synthetic materials. Phosphonitrile rubber modified by trifluoroethanol has the properties of low temperature resistance, heat resistance, flame retardant and solvent resistance, and is widely used in aerospace, electronic instrument gas and other fields. In recent years, the research of fluorine-nitrogen rubber has gradually warmed up. Trifluoroethanol methyl methacrylate was synthesized by esterification of trifluoroethanol with methacrylic acid. Like ordinary methacrylate, it is a colorless and transparent liquid with the smell of polymerization and ester. Compared with methyl methacrylate, it has better polymerization and is easy to polymerize with other acrylates, styrene, acrylonitrile and vinyl acetate. Because it contains trifluoromethyl, the polymer has good properties, has a good development prospect in functional modification of resin, and is widely used in coatings. In addition, in polyester synthesis, the introduction of -OCH2CF3 can improve the equilibrium constant and obtain polyester with expected molecular weight. 7^v； H=Q[
In the field of organic synthesis, trifluoroethanol, as an important basic organic fluoride, has been paid more and more attention in organic synthesis. For example, trifluoroacetaldehyde is synthesized from trifluoroethanol, which is a typical fluorine-containing aldehyde. Trifluoroethanol can also be used to synthesize 1- furan, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, 3- chloro-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) benzonitrile, etc. DQ？ ~Z6Ku
Trifluoroethanol has many uses. In recent years, there are many patents and documents about its application, especially its effect on protein and enzymes. 7、/AH~$K_
Trifluoroethanol, as a fluorine-containing organic intermediate with high added value, good development prospect and good foundation, needs to be developed urgently in China. At present, many scientific research units in China have developed trifluoroethanol technology. Therefore, relevant domestic manufacturers should join hands with scientific research units to speed up technical improvement and market development and promote the industrialization of trifluoroethanol as soon as possible. x(^U3/
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