(1) No pollution, low noise Compared with internal combustion engine vehicles, new energy electric vehicles do not emit pollutants when working, and the noise generated by driving motors is also less than that generated by internal combustion engines. However, the use of new energy electric vehicles is not absolutely pollution-free. For example, if lead-acid batteries are used as power source, people will be exposed to lead during the manufacture and use of the batteries, and acid gas will be generated when the batteries are charged, which will cause certain air pollution. In addition, the electricity used for battery charging will also produce harmful emissions, such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and dust when coal is used as fuel. But on the whole, its pollution is much lighter than the exhaust of internal combustion engines.
(2) The research on new energy electric vehicles with high energy efficiency and diversified sources shows that its energy utilization efficiency has surpassed that of gasoline-powered vehicles, especially in urban operation, when vehicles stop and go, the driving speed is not high, so it is more suitable to use new energy electric vehicles. When the new energy electric vehicle is parked, it does not consume electricity. In the process of braking, the motor can also be automatically converted into a generator to realize energy recovery during deceleration braking. On the other hand, the application of new energy electric vehicles can effectively reduce the dependence on oil resources. The electricity charged into the battery can be converted from coal, natural gas, hydropower, nuclear energy, solar energy, wind power, tides and other energy sources. In addition, if the battery is charged at night, it can avoid the peak of electricity consumption, which is beneficial to balance the power grid load and reduce the cost.
(3) simple structure and convenient use and maintenance. Compared with internal combustion engine vehicles, new energy electric vehicles have simpler structure, fewer running and transmission parts and less maintenance workload. When the AC induction motor is used, the motor does not need maintenance, and the new energy electric vehicle is easy to operate.
(4) The use cost of power supply is high, and the driving range is short. At present, the technology of new energy electric vehicles is not as perfect as diesel locomotives. On the one hand, the power supply (battery) has short service life and high use cost; On the other hand, the storage capacity of the battery is small, the mileage after one charge is not ideal, and the price of electric vehicles is more expensive. However, from the perspective of development, with the progress of science and technology, the problem of new energy electric vehicles will be gradually solved.