First, the characteristics of this glass curtain wall construction method
1. Easy to operate and ensure the installation and construction quality of glass curtain wall.
2. Save costs and reduce unnecessary rework caused by improper construction technology.
3. Facilitate project management and standardize the construction of glass curtain wall.
Second, the scope of application of this glass curtain wall construction method
This construction method is applicable to hidden frame glass curtain wall, semi-hidden frame glass curtain wall, open frame glass curtain wall, all-glass curtain wall and point-supported glass curtain wall projects with building height not exceeding 150m and non-seismic and seismic fortification intensity not exceeding 8 degrees.
Engineering construction should be based on design drawings and relevant construction and quality acceptance specifications.
Iii. Requirements for materials and equipment
1, general provisions
A, glass curtain wall materials should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standards and design requirements. Materials without corresponding standards shall meet the design requirements and shall have the factory certificate.
B, glass curtain wall should choose weather-resistant materials. Metal materials and metal parts Except stainless steel and weathering steel, steel should be hot-dipped galvanized, inorganic zinc-rich coating or other effective anti-corrosion measures, and aluminum alloy should be anodized, electrophoretic coated, powder sprayed or fluorocarbon sprayed.
C, glass curtain wall materials should use incombustible materials or flame retardant materials; The fireproof sealing structure shall be made of fireproof sealing material.
D, hidden frame and semi-hidden frame glass curtain wall, the bonding between glass and aluminum profile must adopt neutral silicone structural sealant; When coated glass is used for all-glass curtain wall and point-supported curtain wall, acidic silicone structural adhesive should not be used for bonding.
E, silicone structural sealant and silicone building sealant must be used within the validity period.
2, curtain wall skeleton
A skeleton profiles of glass curtain wall, such as square steel pipe, angle steel, channel steel, painted galvanized steel plate, stainless steel, etc., must meet the design requirements and select qualified products, and should match the aluminum alloy frame materials.
B, aluminum alloy frame systems are mostly special extruded curtain wall skeleton profiles, and the selection should be decided by the design according to the stress of curtain wall skeleton and used according to different series.
C, glass curtain wall adopts aluminum alloy material brand, aluminum alloy material quality, curtain wall doors and windows, etc. , should comply with the provisions of the current standard.
3, embedded parts, fasteners and connectors
A, curtain wall embedded parts and various connectors and bolts, etc. , mostly made of Q235 low carbon steel.
B, Angle steel, anchor bar, anchor plate, steel and steel plate processing parts, the material should comply with the relevant provisions of national standards, must be galvanized and rust-proof when using.
C, stainless steel materials should comply with the provisions of the current standards, such as cold-rolled stainless steel plate (GB3280), stainless steel bar (GB4226) and cold heading stainless steel wire (GB 4332-4232).
D. Weathering steel for glass curtain wall shall conform to the current national standards "High Weathering Structural Steel" (GB/T4 17 1) and "Weathering Steel for Welding Structure" (GB/T4 172).
4. Curtain wall glass
A, safety glass (laminated glass, laminated glass and tempered glass) should be adopted, otherwise corresponding safety measures must be taken.
B, when the curtain wall adopts heat reflection galvanized film glass, vacuum magnetron cathode sputtering coated glass should be selected.
C for arc glass curtain wall, the curtain wall coated glass produced by thermal spraying method can be considered.
D, when installation and use, should strictly check the surface quality and geometric size of glass, glass size deviation, appearance quality and performance should comply with the provisions of the current national standards. .
E. When insulating glass is used for the glass curtain wall, in addition to the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Insulating Glass" GB 1 1944, the gas layer thickness of insulating glass should be not less than 9mm, and the insulating glass should be sealed with double channels.
F For curved glass curtain wall, the curtain wall coated glass produced by thermal spraying method can be considered.
G. When the glass curtain wall adopts laminated glass, the laminated glass synthesized by dry processing of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film should be adopted, and the temperature and humidity should be strictly controlled.
H, all curtain wall glass should be machined by mechanical edging, and the number of grinding wheels should be above 180 mesh.
1. For curtain wall glass with fire protection requirements, a single piece of fire-proof glass or its products shall be adopted according to the requirements of fire protection grade.
5, gasket, filling, sealing and sealing materials
A the varieties, specifications, sectional dimensions and physical and chemical properties of positioning pads, filling materials, sealing rubber and sealant should meet the design requirements.
B, rubber products used in glass curtain wall should use EPDM, neoprene and silicone rubber; The sealing strip shall be extruded and the rubber block shall be molded by pressing.
D, sealing strip should comply with the provisions of the current national standards.
D polysulfide sealant for glass curtain wall should be water-resistant, solvent-resistant, resistant to atmospheric aging, and have the characteristics of low temperature elasticity and low air permeability. Its performance should comply with the current industry standard "insulating glass elastic sealant" JC486.
E, glass curtain wall using chloroprene sealant performance should comply with the regulations.
F neutral glue shall be used for weather-resistant silicone sealants, and its performance shall comply with the regulations. Expired weather-resistant silicone sealants shall not be used.
G. The performance and selection of silicone structural sealant and low foaming interval double-sided adhesive tape for glass curtain wall comply with relevant regulations.
6. Adhesive for glass curtain wall
Polysulfide sealant and butyl sealing putty can be used as insulating glass sealant for open frame curtain wall.
B, hidden frame and semi-hidden frame curtain wall insulating glass sealing materials, silicone structural sealant and butyl sealing putty must be used.
C, structural silicone sealants must have the test report of cohesiveness and compatibility issued by the manufacturer, and must be compatible with the materials to be bonded and contacted, and the cohesiveness and durability of glass and aluminum alloy profiles (including their coatings) can be reliably guaranteed. And shall be used within the validity period, and shall not be used after expiration.
D, silicone structural sealant and silicone sealants should be guaranteed by the warranty period.
7. Other materials
A, the glass curtain wall can use polyethylene foam as filling material, and its density should not be greater than 37kg/m3.
B, the performance of polyethylene foam filling material should comply with the provisions of table 2.2.7.
C, glass curtain wall should be made of incombustible or incombustible materials such as rock wool, mineral wool, glass wool, fire boards, etc. Waterproof and moisture-proof materials should be composite materials packed with aluminum foil or plastic film.
D, between the main structure and the glass curtain wall components, a layer of heat-resistant hard organic material gasket should be added.
E, glass curtain wall column and beam joint should add rubber plate, rubber plate should be installed firmly.
Fourth, the construction conditions
1. The main structure is completed and meets the requirements of construction acceptance specifications. After site cleaning, curtain wall installation should be carried out before secondary decoration.
2. Sub-projects that may cause serious pollution to the curtain wall construction environment should be arranged before curtain wall construction.
3. Civil handover should have control lines and reference lines.
4. The embedded parts connected with the curtain wall and the main structure should be buried according to the design requirements during the construction of the main structure.
5. Hanging basket and other vertical transportation equipment are installed in place and accepted.
6. Scaffolding and other operating platforms should be installed in place and passed the acceptance.
7. The material variety, specification, color and performance of curtain wall components and accessories should meet the design requirements.
8. Before construction, the construction organization design shall be prepared, which shall be subject to examination and approval and technical disclosure.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) building technology
1, installation process
2. Detailed process description
1) Install embedded parts
A, according to the construction progress, install embedded parts layer by layer from bottom to top;
B, according to the design of the curtain wall frame size with theodolite or other measuring instruments for frame positioning;
C, check the positioning is correct, according to the requirements of drawings buried iron;
D, when installing the built-in parts, measures should be taken to prevent the displacement of the built-in parts when pouring concrete, and control the horizontal or vertical surfaces of the built-in parts to prevent skew, inclination and inclination.
E, check whether the embedded parts are firm and accurate. The position error of embedded parts shall be rechecked according to the design requirements. When there is no clear requirement in the design, the elevation deviation of embedded parts should not be greater than 10mm, and the deviation between the position of embedded parts and the design position should not be greater than 20 mm.
2) Construction survey lofting
A, review the baseline handed over by the civil contractor.
B, release the standard line: move the indoor elevation line to the construction surface of the external wall on each floor and check it; Before setting out, the deviation of the building's external dimensions should be measured first, and the baseline should be determined according to the measurement results.
C, based on the standard line, put the frame line on the wall according to the drawing, and mark it.
D, frame line put away, should check whether the position of the embedded parts is consistent with the design, otherwise should be adjusted or embedded parts remedial treatment.
E, use φ0.5~ 1.0mm steel wire in the vertical and horizontal directions of a single curtain wall as the installation control line, and pull a horizontal steel wire on each floor (the width is too wide, and set 1 fulcrum every 20m to prevent the steel wire from sagging), and pull a vertical steel wire every 20m.
3) Installation technology of hidden frame, semi-hidden frame and open frame glass curtain wall
A. welding of transition piece:
(1) After inspection, the welding construction of the transition piece can only be carried out after the installation of the built-in parts is qualified;
2 when welding, the position of the transition piece must be aligned with the chalk line;
(3) The transition pieces on both sides of the same horizontal position shall be inspected by spot welding first;
(4) Spot weld each transition piece in the middle, and after passing the inspection, conduct full welding or sectional welding;
5] Control points: horizontal position and verticality;
B welding sequence: cleaning and confirming welding position → welding → removing welding slag → checking welding quality → antirust treatment.
Attention should be paid to welding: the operator must hold a welder's certificate when using the specified welding equipment and materials; Safety and fire prevention work at welding site; Welding shall be carried out in strict accordance with the design requirements, and the weld seam shall be uniform without false welding, false welding and slag inclusion; Rust prevention treatment should be timely and thorough.
C, glass curtain wall aluminum keel installation:
(1) Processed columns shall be transported to various parts in layers according to numbers and temporarily stacked. When stacking, the wood blocks should be padded to prevent surface damage;
(2) Put the column on the wall layer by layer from top to bottom or from bottom to top, and install it in place;
(3) According to the horizontal steel wire, adjust the horizontal elevation position of each column, and slightly tighten the connecting bolts;
(4) Adjust the maintenance, left and right positions again, and check whether it meets the design frame size and maintenance position. If there is any deviation, it should be adjusted in time, and the deviation should not be concentrated on a certain point. Tighten the nut after passing the inspection;
5] After the adjustment is completed and the overall inspection is qualified, the connecting iron pieces, transition pieces, nuts and gaskets are welded by subsection welding and spot welding, so as to remove welding slag in time and do a good job of rust prevention;
[6] When installing the transverse keel, stay in the horizontal direction, and ensure that the interface between the vertical keel and the transverse keel is smooth, the connection cannot be loose, and the gasket or gap between the beam and the column meets the design requirements;
Note: rubber pad should be placed between the upright post and the connecting iron piece; Because the column material is relatively heavy, it should be handled with care to prevent collision and scratch; When hanging materials, the nuts should be tightened to prevent falling off; After adjustment, connect the lightning protection copper wire.
D, fire prevention material installation:
(1) After the keel is installed, the fireproof material can be installed;
⑵ When installing, the fire-proof galvanized steel plate should be fixed (with screws or nails) according to the requirements of the drawings, which should be solid and reliable, and pay attention to the interface of the plate;
(3) Then spread fire-proof cotton, pay attention to the thickness and uniformity of fire-proof cotton during installation, ensure the interface with keel material is full, and do not squeeze, so as not to affect the surface material;
(4) finally, carrying out capping treatment and installing a sealing plate;
5] When installing, attention should be paid to the protection of finished products such as glass, aluminum plate and aluminum material, as well as the protection of interior decoration.
E, glass installation
(1) Before installation, all iron pieces or steel frames, columns, lightning protection, heat preservation, rust prevention, etc. shall be inspected. After passing the inspection, the surface materials with corresponding specifications shall be moved into place, and then installed from top to bottom;
⑵ During installation, stay wires are used to control the flatness of adjacent glass surfaces and the horizontal verticality of slab joints, and slab molds are used to control the joint width;
(3) When installing, it should be in place, temporarily fixed, and then the guy should be adjusted;
(4) In the installation process, if there is any error in the joint width, it should be evenly distributed in each glue joint to prevent the error from accumulating in a joint or a piece of surface material.
4) Installation of point-supported glass curtain wall
A, the installation of steel structure
(1) The dimensional deviation of the position and elevation of embedded parts, bearing surfaces and anchor bolts shall comply with the relevant technical regulations and acceptance specifications, and the supporting embedded parts of steel column feet shall meet the design requirements. When steel plates need to be filled, each stack shall not exceed three pieces.
⑵ Ensure that the allowable size deviation of main vertical members and main transverse members of curtain wall conforms to relevant specifications and this standard.
(3) When installing components, check the strength and stability of easily deformable components, and take reinforcement measures when necessary. After installation, the components should have sufficient strength and rigidity.
(4) The main components that determine the geometric position should be preliminarily corrected after the lifting pieces are loosened, and the connecting joints of the components must be inspected before fastening and welding.
5] Weld shall be polished and smooth. The surface of steel structure should be sprayed with rust-proof and fire-proof paint or treated with other surface treatment according to the design requirements.
[6] In order to ensure the accuracy of the position of the support rod, the allowable deviation is generally 65438 0 mm. The fastening of the pull rod (cable) should adopt the order of first left and then right, and the position of the support rod should be fixed step by step, and the unit control method should be adopted for adjustment and inspection.
(7) Installation of supporting steel claws: When installing supporting steel claws, ensure that the installation position tolerance is within 65438 0 mm..
B. Installation of stay cables and support rods
⑴ When installing stay cables and support rods, we should grasp the construction sequence and install them according to the principle of "first up, then down, first vertical, then horizontal".
⑵ Positioning and adjustment of the support rod: When installing the support rod, it is necessary to check the geometric dimensions of the installation and positioning of the rod, and adjust the length of the front and rear cables in strict accordance with the drawing dimensions to ensure the verticality between the support connecting rod and the glass plane. According to the control point of the unit, adjust the center position of each support rod to be approved. Ensure that the front end of each support rod is consistent with the glass plane, and the overall flatness error should be controlled at ≤5mm/3M. When adjusting the support rod, the "positioning head" should be used to ensure the distance between the support rod and the glass and the accuracy of center positioning.
⑶ Prestress setting and detection of cables: When installing and adjusting the horizontal and vertical cables used to fix the support rods, reasonable internal stress values must be set in advance to ensure that the structural deformation under self-weight load is within the allowable range after glass installation.
(4) Counterweight detection: Since the self-weight load and other loads of curtain wall glass are transferred to the supporting structure through the supporting rod, in order to ensure that the deformation of the supporting rod system is within the allowable range when the glass is installed after the structure is installed, it is necessary to carry out counterweight detection on the supporting rod.
C. Glass installation
(1) Before installation, check and proofread whether the verticality, elevation, height and levelness of the steel structure meet the design requirements.
⑵ Before installation, the dirt, dust and other sundries on the surface and bottom of the steel tank must be partially cleaned with a steel brush. The U-shaped groove at the bottom of the point support glass should be filled with neoprene pads, which should be placed at the left and right 1/4 of the width edge of the glass support surface.
(3) Before installation, clean the dust on the glass and suction cups, and determine the number of suction cups according to the glass weight and suction cup specifications.
(4) Before installation, check whether the installation position of the supporting steel claw is accurate, and then install the glass.
5] When installing glass on site, the supporting head and glass should be assembled on the installation platform first, and then installed with supporting steel claws. Ensure the air tightness and water tightness of the bearing.
[6] After on-site assembly, the positions of the upper, lower, left and right sides should be adjusted to ensure that the horizontal deviation of the glass is within the allowable range.
Once all the glass has been adjusted, it is necessary to check the overall flatness inside and seal it with glue after it is confirmed.
5) Installation of suspended large glass curtain wall
A. Install and fix the main support: according to the design requirements and drawing position, fix the main support on the embedded parts with bolts or welding. Check the position of each screw and welded joint, and apply antirust paint.
B, install the glass bottom groove:
(1) Install the fixed angle code;
⑵ Fix the steel trough, and adjust the horizontal accuracy of the steel trough according to the horizontal and elevation control lines;
(3) Welding and fixing shall be carried out after passing the inspection.
C. Installation of glass hanging clip: according to the design requirements and drawing position, connect the glass hanging clip with embedded parts or upper steel frame with bolts.
D, installing the face glass: move the face glass with corresponding specifications in place, adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the glass, and clamp and fix it after positioning correction.
E. Installation of tempered glass: move the tempered glass with corresponding specifications into place, adjust its horizontal and vertical positions, calibrate the distance between tempered glass and face glass, and clamp and fix it after positioning and calibration.
F. Check whether the tightness, verticality and adhesion of all hanging clips meet the requirements.
G, check whether the tightness of all connectors meets the requirements, or make adjustments.
6) sealing
A, cleaning and drying the sealing parts, cleaning the sealing surface with toluene, paying special attention not to let the solution flow out of the joint during cleaning, frequently replacing the cleaning gauze when it is dirty to ensure the cleaning effect, and finally wiping off the trace of solvent evaporation with a dry gauze to keep the sealing surface dry;
B. Sticking protective paper tape: In order to prevent the decorative surface from being polluted when the sealing material is used, and at the same time, in order to make the boundary line between the sealant joint and the surface material straight, it is necessary to properly stick protective paper tape, and pay attention to the flatness of the protective paper tape itself;
C. Glue injection: Glue injection should be uniform, dense and full, and pay attention to the sizing method to avoid waste;
D, trimming the glue joint: after glue injection, forcibly press the glue joint along the glue injection direction with a scraper, scrape off excess glue, and scrape the glue joint into the designed shape to make the glue joint smooth;
E, removing paper tape: after the glue joint is trimmed, remove the protective tape in time, and pay attention to the torn tape not to pollute the glass surface or aluminum surface; Clean up the glue marks stuck on the construction surface in time.
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