A vertical machining center refers to a machining center with a vertical spindle. Most of its structural forms are fixed columns and the workbench is rectangular. No indexing function, suitable for machining plates, sleeves and plates. Generally, there are three linear motion axes, and a turntable rotating along the horizontal axis can be installed on the workbench to process spiral parts.
The vertical machining center has the advantages of convenient card loading, simple operation, easy observation of machining situation, simple debugging procedure and wide application range. However, due to the limitation of column height and tool changing device, it is impossible to process excessively high parts. When machining cavities or concave surfaces, chips are not easy to be discharged, which will seriously damage the tools and machining surfaces and affect the smooth processing.
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Horizontal machining center refers to a machining center with a horizontal spindle, usually with an automatic indexing turntable, which generally has 3 ~ 5 motion coordinates, usually three linear motion coordinates plus one rotational motion coordinate. After the workpiece is clamped once, the machining of the other four surfaces except the installation surface and the top surface is completed, which is most suitable for adding box parts. Compared with vertical machining center, horizontal machining center is easy to remove chips and is beneficial to machining, but its structure is complicated and its price is higher.