According to preliminary statistics, China's mines discharge about 200 million tons of tailings every year, which consumes various expenses and is extremely harmful to the ecological environment. If tailings are comprehensively recycled, it can not only prolong the service life of mineral resources, expand the scope of resource utilization, reduce environmental pollution, but also save a lot of land and funds and realize economic and social benefits.
Tonglushan copper mine, Fengshan copper mine, Chima copper mine, Tongguanshan copper mine and Xinqiao pyrite mine. Tongguanshan is the earliest mine to develop and utilize tailings, with a total output of 835,000 tons of iron concentrate and a total profit of 25 million yuan. Tailings from other mines have also been comprehensively recovered, and a good treatment capacity of 800t/d has been obtained, which is 8.92t t. Chaihe, zinc and sulfur concentrates, combined with silver and Sanmenxia, have achieved good results; Leading Wangjin Mine can recover 60% iron from the final tailings every year.
In the process of development and utilization, the discarded waste rocks, tailings and waste residue increased year by year ~ 1988 * * * 4.59 million tons of tailings were treated, and the total sulfur concentrate was 6 1. 1 10,000.
And it will increase at the rate of 10% every year. These tailings not only occupy a lot of achievements. Bajiashan lead-zinc mine is recovered from lead-zinc tailings.
: 1 iron concentrate is 1076t, which is the tailings associated with tungsten sulfide, wolframite is recovered, and the other is used ore, in which most of the silver enters the mixed sulfide concentrate containing sulfide for component separation.
Since the 1960s, especially since the 1980s and 1990s, some mining enterprises in China have begun to attach importance to recovering valuable metal elements from tailings in order to improve economic benefits, and have successively built some tailings recovery concentrator, which has achieved remarkable results.
There are many examples of recovering valuable metals and other minerals from the tailings of ferrous metal mines. For example, the gravity separation of Waitoushan and Nanfen iron tailings costs170,000 yuan. Aiming at the problems of low recovery rate and low carbon content of tailings in Ekou Iron Mine of Taigang
Nearly 50% of silver is lost in flotation tailings of sulfide ore. Therefore, the flotation recovery test of Tieshanlong tungsten mine was carried out to obtain bismuth-containing concentrate, which was leached with ferric chloride hydrochloric acid solution to finally obtain sponge bismuth and silver-rich slag. Gold and silver are recovered from pyrite cinder in Rushan Chemical Plant, with an annual output of 62.5 kg of gold and 0/.34 kg of silver.
In view of the fact that tailings consume a lot of energy and metal materials change from ore to powder, this large amount of powder should be used. Vertical 1 Tailings are used as building materials.
Since 1980s, tailings have been extensively developed as building materials in China.
More than 70,000 tons of iron concentrate are selected from tailings every year, creating economic benefits every year. The utilization of tailings has the following aspects: the content of ferric acid is high, and the recovery of iron carbonate from tailings has also achieved good indicators. Iron carbonate has good metallurgical properties and is a good raw material for smelting. In addition, the tailings of Aoshan concentrator in Nanshan Iron Mine of Maanshan Iron and Steel Company.
Materials research, and achieved a series of results. Such as using iron tailings to add a certain amount of ingredients (gravel, sand, fly ash and clay) and lime.
Yes, nearly 40,000 tons of iron concentrate can be recovered every year, and the sulfur concentrate recovered by shaking table has been used as pavement base material in the section from Shenyang to Panshan 12km.
More than 50,000 tons. Maanshan also recovers garnet from Taochong tailings and concentrates it.
The industrial test has been carried out, and it has reached the second-class standard by the highway department.
The yield is 97.39%, the recovery is more than 465438 0%, and the magnetic content is 0.54%.
Requirements of road for subgrade strength. Ma 'anshan Mining Research Institute also uses Dutch.
Pomegranate seed concentrated juice. Garnet has high hardness, high melting point and good chemical properties.
Development of baking-free bricks and decorative bricks from fine tailings in mountainous areas and Waitoushan and their product properties.
Stable quality, special crystal structure and other advantages, can be widely used in abrasive tools, precision
It has reached the standard of 100. This hospital also cooperates with Suzhou concrete and cement products.
Instrument bearings and handicrafts. Jiyuan Iron and Steel Plant adopts sulfur and cobalt recovery workers.
The institute cooperates with Anshan-style fine tailings, marble and granite.
The technology of recovering cobalt from tailings has been used to produce first-class cobalt concentrate.
In addition, the purification of quartz sand from the tailings of Waitoushan iron mine has also achieved good results. Artificial marble is made of stone, and its products have different colors and elegant appearance. Sha Ying can be used as raw material for producing glass.
University of Science and Technology Beijing develops light tailings by using fine tailings of Shirengou concentrator.
High strength, and has been made into a large number of aggregate imitation granite series products in nonferrous metal mines and tailings gravity concentration, which is light in weight,
Some of them have been put into production. Copper tailings can be recycled by heat preservation, sound insulation and earthquake resistance. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences tailings utilization 36