Input voltage conversion: the power module first receives the input voltage from the power supply line, usually alternating current (AC), and then converts it into direct current (DC) through rectifier and filter circuit. The rectifier circuit uses diode or bridge rectifier to convert alternating current into pulsating direct current, and then the filter circuit uses capacitor to remove pulsation and get stable direct current.
Output voltage regulation: the converted DC voltage is regulated by the voltage stabilizing circuit. The voltage stabilizing circuit usually adopts feedback control, and controls the working state of the regulator by comparing the difference between the output voltage and the reference voltage, so as to keep the output voltage at a set stable value.
Overload protection: the power module usually has overload protection function to prevent the output current from exceeding the set value and causing failure or damage. Overload protection usually monitors the output current through a current sensor and limits the output current by controlling the working state of the switching power supply.
Other functions: The power module may also have other functions, such as overvoltage protection, short circuit protection, temperature protection, etc. Over-voltage protection automatically cuts off the output power supply by monitoring the output voltage when the voltage exceeds the set value. Short-circuit protection automatically cuts off the output power supply by monitoring the output current when the current exceeds the set value. Temperature protection monitors the temperature of the power module through a temperature sensor, and automatically reduces the output power or cuts off the output power when the temperature exceeds the set value.
In a word, the power supply module provides stable and reliable power supply for electronic equipment through voltage conversion, voltage regulation and various protection functions.