1. Absolute count of total T(CD3+) lymphocytes:
Just like the white blood cell count, the absolute cell count (cells /ul) of this cell is generally within a certain range. In some cases, such as virus infection, chemical and physical factors, immune system failure or other dysfunction, hematopoietic system abnormalities and other diseases, this value may be abnormal. It is reported that when the number of T lymphocytes is high (within the normal range), the prognosis of patients with lymphoma or tumor is better.
2. Absolute count and percentage of helper T(CD3(+)CD4(+)) cells.
3. Absolute count and percentage of inhibitory T(CD3(+)CD8(+)) cells.
As shown in the above figure, CD3(+), CD4(+) and CD3(+), CD8(+) cells can be further divided into subgroups.
4. CD4 and CD8 double-positive or double-negative cells in CD3 (+) cells:
When the differentiation and proliferation of lymphocytes are abnormal, the number and percentage of CD4 and CD8 double-positive or double-negative cells will increase and decrease accordingly.
5. The ratio of CD4 (+) and CD8(+) cells-the simplest and clearest indicator in the report of T cell subsets:
The total number of T cells produced in the process of lymphocyte differentiation is limited, and the increase or decrease of T is mainly assisted or inhibited in the process of pathological changes, so the proportion of CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells will change accordingly, which becomes a simple and clear indicator.
Common normal reference values are 1.4 ~ 2.5.
If the ratio is greater than 2.5, it means that the cellular immune function is in an "overactive" state, and autoimmune reactions are easy to occur.
CD4/CD8 < 1.4 is generally called "immunosuppression" state, which is common in
(1) The proportion of immunodeficiency diseases, such as AIDS, is often significantly less than 0.5;
(2) Malignant tumor;
(3) Aplastic anemia and leukemia;
(4) some virus infections;
(5) Active stage of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.
When CD4(+)/CD8(+) drops below 1.0, we are used to calling it "inversion", which is an obvious anomaly. There is also a set of data suggesting that the reference range of this ratio is 0.68-2.47, but it is too wide. This set of samples probably includes some individuals in sub-health state.