When judging novelty, each claim of the invention or utility model patent application shall be compared with each claim in the existing technology or the invention or utility model application document that was published earlier and later. The technical content shall be compared individually, and shall not be compared with a combination of several existing technologies or the content of inventions or utility models published earlier and later in the application, or a combination of multiple technical solutions in one comparison document. That is, the principle of separate comparison is used to determine the novelty of an invention or utility model patent application.