Urticaria Overview The rash of urticaria is called a wheal. It is characterized by skin bulges of different sizes, and many bags suddenly appear on the skin. The color can be pale, light red, or red. , purple ones can be used, irregular shapes, some are round, some are not round, there are all kinds of shapes. The biggest characteristic is that it rises and disappears quickly. It suddenly rises a lot. After a few hours, it disappears where it started. It disappears and starts again in other places. According to this characteristic, most people will recognize it once they see it in their lifetime. There are many types of urticaria. Some are caused by allergies. The main thing is to find out the allergic factors and remove them. Some are caused by infection, and some are caused by autoimmune diseases. There are indeed some urticarias that cannot be found medically so far. There are a small number of reasons why most urticaria patients can be cured. The treatment of urticaria does not necessarily take a long time. 80% of newly acquired acute urticaria will be cured within two weeks. If it is not cured within two weeks, it will turn into chronic urticaria after more than one month. Half of the cases will be cured within two weeks. It can be cured within a year, but if the remaining half takes more than one year, maybe three to five years, it is more stubborn. What I just mentioned is a case where the cause of the disease was not examined. That is to say, when you go to the hospital and prescribe a little chlorpheniramine, there is no symptomatic examination, and the result is like this. Now we are all examining the patients. After examination, more people may be cured in the future. Treatment of Chronic Urticaria Chronic urticaria is a skin disease with mostly unknown causes, long course and difficult treatment. Among them, chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) is a type that seriously affects the quality of life. Research in the past 10 years has shown that a large proportion of CIU patients are determined to be caused by autoimmunity. Today's treatment of chronic urticaria is still based on symptomatic treatment, with the goal of rapid and lasting relief of symptoms. Many pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions are valuable but not universally successful, and the choice of treatment should be individualized. 1 Non-drug treatment: In a few cases, the cause of chronic urticaria can be found, and treatment must be directed toward its cause. Aggravating factors can be determined from the medical history, such as heat, tight clothing, stress reactions, alcohol, etc. Predisposing stimuli to physical urticaria should be avoided as much as possible. If there are clear triggers, preventive measures should be advised. For example, patients with cold urticaria should cover exposed skin. Symptomatic treatment, such as cholinergic urticaria, should be cooled, and hot water bathing is helpful in cases of cold urticaria. It is recommended not to use the analgesic aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs because these drugs can trigger chronic urticaria in about 30% of patients, and most recommend acetaminophen. Food pseudoallergens to avoid include food colorings, preservatives and natural salicylates that have been recognized for many years. 2. Drug treatment (1) First-line treatment drugs. Antihistamines are the main treatment drugs for chronic urticaria. They can reduce itching and wheals. (2) Second-line treatment drugs: Corticosteroids: When sufficient antihistamines are ineffective for chronic urticaria, oral corticosteroids are occasionally required to shorten the symptoms. Adrenaline: For angioedema of the lip mucosa, epinephrine spray can be directly inhaled to achieve a certain effect. Thyroxine: When CIU patients develop thyroid autoimmunity and are positive for thyroid autoantibodies, thyroxine can be used for treatment. Leukotriene receptor antagonists: Treatment of chronic urticaria with antihistamines alone is difficult and often fails to achieve satisfactory results. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist. Sulfapyridine: can be used to treat chronic urticaria and delayed pressure urticaria. Others: Colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, dapsone and indomethacin are obviously effective in the treatment of urticarial vasculitis. (3) Third-line treatment drugs: immunosuppressants. Of course, medication must be used under a doctor’s prescription. . . .